abstract:
After entering the university, most freshmen will not adapt to the physical environment, humanistic environment, learning style and dormitory collective life. Inadaptability to the environment and life makes freshmen feel anxious, depressed, inferior and confused, which affects their normal study and life.
Keywords: freshmen; Adapt; mood
College students are in the transition period from teenagers to adults, and the psychological characteristics of this stage are: pride and inferiority, the need for communication and loneliness coexist; Emotional ups and downs are prone to violent turbulence, so it is easy to have psychological conflicts when encountering some changes or stimuli. From middle school to university, every freshman is faced with the problem of adapting to the environment. If freshmen are out of touch with environmental changes, there will be problems in adapting to college life, and they will be confused, confused and painful in self-cognition, emotional experience and interpersonal behavior, which will affect their normal life and study, mainly in the following aspects.
First, the emotional distress caused by not adapting to the physical environment of the school.
No matter who faces the change of environment, there will be an adaptation process. Freshmen must first adapt to many physical environments such as campus environment, living environment, learning environment, school management environment and cultural environment, which will bring various emotional reactions in the process of adaptation.
1, the change of living environment makes people feel anxious and irritable.
At present, most college students are only children, leaving home for the first time. In the past, they didn't have to worry about anything except learning, and their parents arranged everything, forming a strong dependence. After entering the university, most students are living in a group life for the first time. They used to have their own independent space at home, but now several people share a room. Living habits and interpersonal relationships are difficult to be compatible, and once they encounter friction, they will feel uneasy; Moreover, every student's eating habits and lifestyle when he comes to college are different. Some students from the south come to the north. Significant differences in life and diet often cause environmental stress to some students. There are also some students who lack financial management ability, spend unplanned, buy things beyond their financial capacity, and often get together, so they often fall into "economic crisis" and have a crisis mentality.
2. Changes in the learning environment are prone to emotions such as loss and panic.
After entering the university, great changes have taken place in the learning environment of universities and middle schools.
First, in middle school, every class is a fixed classroom and the courses are fixed subjects. In college, you have to change classrooms every time; There are small classes and large classes; There are single classes and mixed classes; There are basic courses and specialized courses; There are compulsory courses, compulsory courses and elective courses; The courses offered each semester are different, the examination methods of each course are different, and the credits of each course are different. These changes will make freshmen confused and anxious.
Second, there are classes in middle schools. Every class is full during school hours, and even after returning home, the teacher's homework is packed. Universities have plenty of "free time". Most freshmen don't know how to use this time; Libraries, computer rooms, lecture rooms, and study rooms are often abandoned in one semester, but they are full of emptiness and loss at the end of the term.
Third, in middle school, from morning till night, from study to life, from discipline to psychology, the class teacher is responsible for everything, big and small. After coming to the university, the class teacher rarely saw the dormitory management organization. Students' status and ideological education are managed by the Student Affairs Office and the teachers in charge of students' work in colleges, while students' courses and grades are managed by the Academic Affairs Office and the teaching secretaries in colleges. The scattered and complicated management system makes many freshmen feel at a loss after encountering problems, which is limited to panic and makes them anxious.
Fourth, as soon as they enter the university, freshmen are immediately surrounded by various student associations. Due to the imprisonment of the college entrance examination, many students' hobbies that have been suppressed for many years have poured out, and they have reported to two or three clubs at once, and at most they have reported to five or six clubs. These students are busy with various activities of a club every night and have no time to study. On the surface, I am very busy, but inside, I am extremely empty and lost. Towards the end of the term, I found that I owed so many study accounts that I immediately faced the final exam and fell into a panic.
The second is the emotional distress caused by not adapting to the humanistic environment of the school.
Freshmen enter the university with their own psychological brand, and immediately face many new life problems after entering the school. Where is it in the new environment? where am I going? This series of new problems makes some students face setbacks immediately in the new competition. If not handled properly, it will lead to psychological conflicts in all aspects.
1, the failure of the college entrance examination and the wrong choice of majors have made some students depressed and their future bleak.
It is a common phenomenon that parents expect too much from their children in family education in China. They should attend key middle schools in junior high schools, model high schools in senior high schools and key universities in college entrance examinations. Make those students who failed in the college entrance examination and missed the ideal university or major form a "prestigious school complex". There are also some students who don't like the college entrance examination because their parents apply for it and their majors are chosen by their parents. After entering the school, these students have no interest in learning or any activities. They are always miserable, self-blaming, depressed and feel that their future is bleak.
2. The heavy pressure of the education system makes students lose their interest and motivation in learning.
In China's current education system, primary and secondary education only revolves around the baton of college entrance examination, and students study only for exams. College entrance examination, a phased life goal, has become the ultimate goal of many students' lives. The goal of entering the university has been achieved, and most students don't know where to go or what to do. Without a goal, there is no motivation to learn, and it is easy to wander and get confused. Some students feel exhausted after the fierce competition for the college entrance examination. While enjoying the joy of success, they think that they can relax after entering the university to make up for more than ten years of hard work, so they are passive, lazy and muddle along in the university.
3. With the change of evaluation system, I lost my sense of superiority and became depressed when I was looking for my own position.
The vast majority of students admitted to universities are top students in middle school, but when they arrive at universities, everyone is on the same starting line. Facing the new environment and new challenges, the original advantages and balance have been broken, and many people have become mediocre. The self-esteem of students who have lost their dominant position has been seriously bruised, which leads to the obstacle of self-evaluation, from strong self-esteem to inferiority.
4. Some students are depressed because they can't adapt to the changes in university learning content and learning methods.
Freshmen who have just entered the school are still accustomed to the "full-house irrigation" learning method in middle schools, and all the studies are arranged by teachers. However, after coming to the university, the classroom capacity is large, and the teacher gives an abstract summary, requiring students to read a lot of reference books and materials after class, aiming at cultivating students' study habits and ways of thinking. Besides, universities have more spare time, great freedom and relaxed learning atmosphere. Teachers don't leave homework, there are no exams, no one supervises your study, and exams don't rank second, but there is no competition here. When some students first entered the university, they didn't know what to watch and listen to in class after class, which made many students feel very tired, helpless and at a loss.
Third, it is not suitable for the emotional distress caused by collective life.
Freshmen will inevitably adapt to the collective life of classes and dormitories after entering the university. Because any one of us needs to feel that we are a member of a collective, and we all need to have our own recognized, irrefutable and irreplaceable position in this collective. This is people's need for belonging. Dormitories and classes are the main places for college students to live and study, and they will spend four years in this group. Freshmen in adolescence will feel unsafe if they are not accepted by classmates in the same dormitory and class, which will lead to various adverse emotional reactions. However, because students in classes and dormitories come from different regions and families, there are obvious differences in ideas, values, lifestyles and living habits, and conflicts often occur when they encounter practical problems. The specific performance is as follows:
1. Different regions and living habits lead to disharmony in interpersonal relationships.
The collective life in middle school is very simple, and the relationship between classmates is also very simple. The composition of college students is more complicated than that of high school. Students from different regions, different faiths and different nationalities come together, and it is difficult to quickly establish a profound friendship like brothers and sisters. In addition, students in classes and dormitories come from different regions and families, and there are obvious differences in ideas, values, lifestyles and habits, so they are often prone to conflict when encountering practical problems. Some students think that they are inferior to others in knowledge, talent, interpersonal relationship, family background and even appearance, especially those from rural areas, mountainous areas and poor families. They have a strong sense of inferiority and are often silent, withdrawn and far from the collective.
2. Psychological characteristics of adolescence.
Freshmen are new here, strangers to each other, and have the psychological characteristics of adolescent "atresia". They have a strong sense of self-protection, are cautious in the communication between classmates, and are unwilling to expose themselves too much in class and take the initiative to approach others. Therefore, many students feel that their interpersonal relationship is indifferent after coming to college, not as open and easy to contact as their middle school classmates, and even lament that bosom friends are hard to find.
3. The defects in the growth of the only child make it difficult to adapt to the collective life.
Most freshmen are only children and are used to living at home. In the group, they can't tolerate some minor faults of other students and can't suffer a little. Many students are not tolerant enough to understand others. They only think from their own point of view, but not from each other's point of view, which often leads to disputes and makes it difficult for them to integrate into the collective. For example, some students pursue perfection, are harsh on themselves and others, and can't rub sand in their eyes. Some students are very jealous. Once they see that others are better than themselves, they will attack others with words or actions, causing pain to themselves and others. Some students are shy, shy, unable to express their wishes effectively, afraid to talk to their classmates around them, and will be withdrawn and unsociable. Some students are introverted, unable to integrate into the group and unwilling to participate in group activities. Some students are rebellious and always like to argue with others to show their originality, which makes other students very disgusted. Some students are utilitarian, only associate with people who can bring them benefits, and often kick down the ladder. Will also be left out by people around you.
In short, facing the new campus, new teaching and learning methods, new interpersonal atmosphere and living environment, most freshmen will feel "psychological discomfort". This is a normal emotional reaction, and it is also a problem that every freshman will encounter, but everyone has different problems, different adaptation time and different adaptation degree. In general, the adaptation period will pass after three months. If you are still troubled by some adaptation problem after a semester, you should seek the help of professionals to adapt to the university environment as soon as possible and get rid of the trouble of resurrection.
References:
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[2] Wang Guoqin. Explore the effective ways of mental health education for freshmen. Ideological and theoretical education, issue 1 1 in 2005.
[3] Merry ma: Common psychological problems of freshmen and coping strategies. Science and Technology Information (Academic Edition), 20 issues in 2008.
[4] Especially: the psychological problems of freshmen in the adaptation period and countermeasures. Journal of Hotan Normal University, No.6, 2007
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