-Excerpted from the diary of General Liu Jiaqi in the book "Eight Hundred Distribution School Archives Died for Our Country".
An out-and-out Wuhan man, he was appointed Major General of the 54th Division of the 9th Army of the National Revolutionary Army. In order to stop the Japanese attack, he was unfortunately shot dead in the famous battle of Xinkou, Shanxi, at the age of 43.
At that time, all walks of life in Wuhan held a grand memorial service for him, and named a path next to Zhongshan Avenue in Hankou "Liu Jiaqi Road". In the same year 165438+ 10/7, the Kuomintang military recognized him as a lieutenant general. According to textual research, he was the highest general in Wuhan who died during the Anti-Japanese War.
After graduating from college, I attended War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.
As a native of Wuhan, Liu Jiaqi's heroic story is widely circulated in Liangdao Street, Wuchang. Unfortunately, there are too few historical records about him.
"He joined the army all his life and killed the enemy heroically. He is an admirable soldier. " Liu, a folk expert who has studied the history of Wuhan, commented.
Liu Jiaqi was born in 1894, a native of Jiangxia. He lost his father in his early years and was raised by his grandfather and uncle.
1April, 905, Liu Jiaqi entered a private school in Tanhualin, Wuchang, and was admitted to Shao Ting Middle School (located in Liangdao Street, Wuchang District). After the Wuchang Uprising broke out, Liu Jiaqi joined the student army despite the dissuasion of his grandfather and uncle.
Later, he studied at Baoding Military Academy and joined the army after graduation. By 193 1, Liu Jiaqi had been promoted to the position of Chief of Staff of Major General of the 54th Division, and later served as the brigade commander of the Division 162. Later, Liu entered Nanjing Army University for further study. In the final stage of learning, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out. In order to serve the country, he repeatedly applied to the school to lead the anti-Japanese army.
According to the Archives of the Dead Generals of the Kuomintang in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression published by the People's Liberation Army Publishing House 1987, 1937 September, Liu Jiaqi was assigned as the commander of Major General of the 54th Division after graduating from the Army University. After he took office, he immediately accompanied Hao, commander of the ninth army, to lead the army north to resist the enemy.
Go through the house, but don't go in.
At noon on July 19, the reporter found the old residence of General Liu Jiaqi-Liangdao Street in Wuchang District 148 Desheng Bridge.
This is an old house with typical Jiangxia residential style. Enter from Qingshimen, pass a hall, pass a granite middle door, turn right and bypass a side room, which is the residence of Li, our relative. Further inside, in a bungalow less than 20 square meters, the reporter met Liu Jiaqi's granddaughter Qian Yongjun.
In the nearly one-hour conversation, Li, who is over 50 years old, told reporters an unknown history-
Before the Battle of Xinkou, Major General Liu Jiaqi often led troops to train and fight, and rarely went home.
At that time, my wife and her young maid lived in 148 Shengsheng Bridge. Yan soon collapsed after smoking opium. When Zhou was a girl, she took her home as a wife and gave birth to a daughter, Liu Shiduan.
Before the battle of Xinkou, Liu Jiaqi was ordered to go to Shaanxi to resist the enemy. Before leaving, Liu Jiaqi, dressed in military uniform, passed by his house, glanced at his daughter at the door and turned to hit the road.
After being killed, Zhou took Liu Shiduan and remarried to Qian Jipei's house for reasons of life. Under the care of his stepfather, Liu Shiduan grew up and went to work in Qinghai after graduating from college. After the marriage, Liu Shiduan gave birth to a daughter and sent her back to Qian Jipei's home in Wuchang for foster care. She changed her name to Qian Yongjun, who broke her needle due to illness and could not speak.
Today, Qian Yongjun is married, has given birth to the fourth generation of Liu Jiaqi descent, and is now studying in No.33 Middle School.
Li told reporters that on February 4th last year, Zhou died at the age of 89. If Liu Shiduan were still alive, he would be 70 years old.
Fight the enemy bravely
The battle of Xinkou lasted 2 1 day, from 1937, 10, 13 to12.
China Military Museum's book "Archives of 800 Schools Who Died for Our Country" said that the battle of Xinkou was the largest, longest and most intense battle against Japanese invaders in North China.
1937, 10 At the beginning of this year, the Japanese army officially issued an order to attack Taiyuan.
13 at dawn, the enemy dispatched planes, heavy artillery, chariots and 5000 infantry to continuously storm the south Huaihua position northwest of Xinkou.
The fifth division of the national army fought with artillery and infantry, charged in hand-to-hand combat and fought tenaciously. Liu Jiaqi braved the bullets to patrol the frontier positions for several days in a row, commanding officers and men to resist the enemy.
According to "Biography of Soldiers Killed in China during the Anti-Japanese War", after five days and five nights of fierce fighting, they finally regained their positions and killed more than 10,000 Japanese soldiers. However, Liu Jiaqi's troops suffered heavy casualties, and some regiments had only 100 people left.
/kloc-in the early morning of 0/6, our counter-offensive army sneaked into the Japanese position. Gunfire thundered and ShaSheng was deafening. Hao, who is in charge of the counterattack command, personally went to the most intense South Huaihua Highland to supervise the war. At this time, General Hao and General Liu were only 200 meters away from the enemy.
When passing through a narrow pass, our army commander Hao was unfortunately shot, then he was injured by a Grenade launcher first, and then he was shot in many places all over his body. By the time the soldiers of the Secret Service Company rescued the two generals from their positions, both of them had died heroically. After the sacrifice of Hao and Liu, the soldiers pounced on the enemy and occupied one position after another.
1938 March 12, Comrade Mao Zedong said at the commemoration of Sun Yat-sen's death 13 anniversary and the memorial meeting for the soldiers killed in the anti-Japanese war: "We sincerely mourn these victims, saying that we will always remember them. From Hao ... to every soldier, they will become a lofty and great example for the people of China."
Mourn for Liu Jiaqi
1937101October 24th is a special day for the old Wuhan people who have experienced this day.
On this day, General He Hao's coffin arrived at Wuhan Railway Station (now Hankou Railway Station), and a white car arrived in Wuhan. More than 4,000 people greeted Zhong Gu.
From165438+1October 10, the Central Daily and Ta Kung Pao published the notice of the mourning office of Hao and Liu Ergong on the front page for nine consecutive days, informing all walks of life in the city that the memorial service for Hao and General will be held in June 165438+ 10.
165438+1October 15, the temperature plummeted and it rained in Mao Mao.
At 8 o'clock in the morning, the memorial service was held in the auditorium of the Municipal General Chamber of Commerce. With the state funeral ceremony, flags in the city flew at half mast to pay tribute to the dead.
In the middle of the lobby, the portraits of two generals, He Hao, are hung high on it, and the banner of "Forever Heroic Spirit" is lined up in a dignified atmosphere. More than 600 elegiac couplets and 70 wreaths from all walks of life in Wuhan filled the whole hall. On the ground outside the main hall, the paper scraps of firecrackers were more than two feet thick.
On behalf of Chiang Kai-shek, any representative of the Wuhan camp owner laid a wreath and read a eulogy.
More than 10,000 people from all walks of life in Wuhan/KLOC-0,000 lined up for hours in the cold rain to pay tribute to the remains of the two generals. By 3 pm, the old people, children and students who came to mourn were still in an endless stream.
According to the Jinsui Daily of the Provincial Library, at Liu Jiaqi's memorial service that year, Mrs. Ada Yao Xifu read her own book "Sacrifice for the Dead Husband"-
"Zheng Jun's spirit is warm and handsome, healthy and energetic ... the bad news spreads far and wide, and the portrait is untrue. Smile affable, such as Wen Xinyu, want to be with * * *, until death. He can't eat, drink his lips, cry, cry, towel, alas.
At that time, the Central Daily News reported that after hearing Mrs. Liu's eulogy, all the people present were in tears and the scene was extremely sad.
"The wind and rain mourn the loyal soul!" That year's Ta Kung Pao commented on this funeral-"Heroic legend, Zhang Xu is loyal to history; If the hero is there, he will be prosperous. " And distributed an editorial: "General Liu Jiaqi is immortal, and all martyrs are immortal."
Finally, the loyal bone of General Liu Jiaqi was buried in Mount Khufu, Zhuodaoquan, Hongshan.
At that time, the Central Daily News reported that "on June 165438+ 10/7 of the same year, the National Government explicitly praised Liu Jiaqi as Lieutenant General".
According to the research of folklore expert Liu, at the beginning of 1938, his wife returned to her hometown Yichang after the funeral and died soon.
Liu Jiaqi road
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the truth, goodness and beauty of the old concession in Hankou was renamed as Liu Jiaqi Road.
Zhu Changyi, a doctor in the history department of Wuhan University who has studied the history of Wuhan's Anti-Japanese War, told reporters that "history has confirmed that Liu Jiaqi was the highest general in Wuhan who died during the Anti-Japanese War, and should be remembered and remembered by the people of Wuhan, and should be recorded in the history books of Wuhan forever".
Recently, the reporter came to Zhongshan Road to look for "Liu Jiaqi Road", but he didn't find it. It is understood that "Liu Jiaqi Road" is perpendicular to Jiang Yan Road and Zhongshan Road, leading to the Central Plains community. But now, the Central Plains Community has been demolished, leaving only the last two or three old houses, and the criss-crossing roads on the ruins have no street signs. An old man surnamed Zheng who lives in an old house told reporters that this land has been auctioned, the community has been completely demolished and the road no longer exists.
Liu Jiaqi tomb
Recently, we came to Khufu to look for "Liu Jiaqi's Tomb", but unfortunately, the search was unsuccessful. It is understood that the "Liu Jiaqi Tomb" was originally located on the side of Hao's tomb, but now, the tomb was demolished during the Cultural Revolution and has never been restored. Only some tombs remain, while others no longer exist. Liu, a famous folklore scholar in Wuhan, believes that Liu Jiaqi was a revolutionary of 1911 and an anti-Japanese hero, so it is reasonable to rebuild the tomb.