Generally, schools with a longer history have their own eternal scenery. In addition to the visible campus buildings, rich books and famous teachers and students, this landscape must also have an understanding of historical traditions and cultural spirit. In the meantime, it is a wonderful legend that combines nature and humanity, history and reality, history and reputation. In modern society, there is no place more spiritual than a university, and there is no pastoral place where the soul lives more than a university.
When it comes to Shandong University, contemporary people often trace it back to190/kloc-0, the Shandong University Hall founded by the Qing government in Jinan, just as Peking University people always count from "Shi Jing University Hall" when they recall their alma mater. The long and glorious history of my alma mater always makes all Alexandrians feel excited and proud. However, in the mental journey of adults in Laoshan Mountain, the memory of their alma mater is more willing to start from 1929 National Qingdao University, just like the poem in Sagondaro, "You can't leave my heart wherever you go, and the shadow of dusk can't leave your roots." If we carefully analyze the historical facts, we will find that the founding of National Qingdao University is closely related to Peking University people.
After China regained Qingdao in 1922, it opened it as a commercial port, paid for the damage left by German and Japanese rule for a quarter of a century, imported new knowledge, assisted in educating talents, built the country and prospered the country, and became the knowledge of the whole city. At the beginning of 1924, Gao, then the education chief of Beiyang government and the general directly under the Minister of Communications, became the supervisor of Jiaoao commercial port. 1On May 29th, 924, Gao had a successful career, diligently pursued governance, and made remarkable achievements, "especially focusing on education". He contacted wealthy businessmen and educators in Qingdao, held a meeting in his supervision office, and initiated the establishment of Qingdao University. Gao, Shao Junnong, Song, Fu, Dechun Zhang, Wang Yongyong, Song Yuting, Yu, Sun and Sun Guangqin (son) were elected to form the school board, and Sun Guangqin was elected as the preparatory director and Shao Junnong and Sun Yanbing as the deputy directors. Cai Yuanpei, Zhang Boling and Huang Yanpei were appointed as honorary directors. The school site is Bismarck Barracks built during the German occupation of Qingdao (changed to Wannian Barracks after Japanese occupation). To this end, there was a story at the school gate at that time. Qingdao Garrison is drooling over the campus of Qingda University, insisting on sharing troops. Gao refused. The two sides were at loggerheads, and the lawsuit went all the way to the governor Wu. Born in Penglai, Wu was a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty and had a close personal relationship with Gao fellow villagers. Although he is a warlord, he is by no means a soldier. He understood that "world competition depends on academics", so he decided to use the barracks as a school.
Finance is the lifeblood of Pepsi, especially the cause of culture and education. At the beginning of university preparation, funds were scarce, and the organizers tried their best to raise funds. On June 1924, Qingdao General Chamber of Commerce asked the American Embassy to use boxer indemnity returned by the United States as the founding fund of Qingdao University, but there was no result. After many twists and turns, the donation was 1 10,000 yuan, and the donation was 20,000 yuan as the preparatory fund. The Jiaoao Commercial Port Supervision Office, the Railway Bureau and the Qingdao Port gentry and businessmen donated money as the school's annual fund. The opening ceremony of private Qingdao University was held on October 25th, 65438/kloc-0, and the first university founded by China in Qingdao was established (the earliest university in Qingdao was Dehua University founded by Germans in 1908).
Qingdao is a free port, where Chinese and foreign businessmen gather and industry and commerce are developed. According to the university order, the school board of directors determined that the private Qingdao University "aims to teach profound knowledge, cultivate profound knowledge and great talents, and meet the needs of the country". The program is divided into seven disciplines: literature, science, law, business, engineering, medicine, agriculture and forestry, and the ultimate goal is to develop into a comprehensive university. However, considering the needs of Qingdao's industrial and commercial development, President Yang Zhensheng set up practical subjects from the beginning. First set up two subjects: engineering and business. August 1924,1-13, Beijing, Nanjing, Jinan and Qingdao enrolled students at the same time. In addition to domestic students, there are also overseas Chinese children from Nanyang and Korean students who come to apply for the exam. The school emphasizes quality and light weight, enrolling 80 pre-business students for the first time.
Private Qingdao University is very particular about hiring teachers. One of the sources of teachers is students from famous universities in China, such as Peking University, Yanda University and cheeloo university, especially graduates from Peking University. One is to hire overseas students who return home with high salaries. According to the statistics of 1925, there are 1 1 international students in the faculty of private Qingdao University, accounting for more than 42% of the total faculty, especially in the United States. For example, logic teacher Ling Daoyang, foreign language teacher Ling Dayang and Min, all of whom have achieved success in their studies, have become famous before entering school; Most teachers are between 30 and 40 years old, young and energetic, familiar with Chinese and Western cultures, and have new academic ambitions and ideals for Tao Zhu and China. They are conscientious in their teaching. The school has a lean organization, and the heads of teaching and administration are teachers. It is these good rules and regulations and strong academic atmosphere. The development of the school is booming, and civil engineering, machinery and mining have been opened one after another, and agriculture, forestry, law and liberal arts are also going to be added. After Gao resigned, the development of private Qingdao University was frustrated. After that, Song Chuandian, Speaker of Shandong Province, took over as principal to maintain the endgame. Finally, due to financial problems, it was maintained until 1928, and it was accepted by National Qingdao University. However, the establishment of private Qingdao University provided an ideal place for the later national Qingdao University. She pays attention to the construction of teaching staff and good school spirit, leaving her own mark for National Qingdao University.
1928, Chiang Kai-shek's national army moved northward into China, which accelerated the great cause of reunification. Nanjing National Government has made great efforts to strengthen or establish national universities throughout the country and cultivate national elites, which is an important measure of the movement of "restoring national rights". 1In August, 928, according to the report of Shandong Education Department, the Ministry of Education of Nanjing Government decided to build a national Shandong University on the basis of the provincial Shandong University that had been closed. And instructed He Siyuan, Wei Zongjin, Chen, Zhao Taimou, Wang, Peng Baichuan, Yang Lianggong, Yang Zhensheng, Yi, etc. 1 1 to form the National Shandong University Preparatory Committee and start the preparatory work. On August 7th, the Preparatory Committee of National Shandong University held its first meeting in Hongmen Palace, Taishan. He Siyuan and other seven people attended the meeting. At the meeting, the organizational regulations of the Preparatory Committee were discussed and adopted, and issues such as setting up departments, expanding school buildings and enriching books, instruments and equipment were studied. However, due to the Japanese-made "May 3rd" tragedy in Jinan, the railway between Jinan and Ji Jiao has not been recovered, and all preparations have become an armchair strategist. 1929 In March, Japan withdrew from Jinan, and the economic case was solved. The Shandong Provincial Government moved from Taian to Jinan, and the Preparatory Committee also moved to Jinan at this time. This summer, Mr. Cai Yuanpei, a famous educator in China and former president of Peking University, went to Qingdao again and lived with his family in the private women's bungalow dormitory of Qingdao University (now the archives of China Ocean University). He praised Qingdao for its beautiful environment and pleasant climate. In view of the warlord regime and frequent wars at that time, Jinan was a thoroughfare of four provinces and a battleground for military strategists, while Qingdao was located on the coast of the East China Sea, and the war was less affected, so I strongly urged the National Shandong University to move to Qingdao to prepare.
On June 3rd, the Ministry of Education of Nanjing National Government accepted Mr. Cai Yuanpei's suggestion and decided to relocate. In view of the independence of Qingdao from Shandong Province and the establishment of a special city under the direct jurisdiction of the Executive Yuan, the Preparatory Committee of National Shandong University was ordered to be changed to the Preparatory Committee of National Qingdao University. In addition to receiving the school property of Shandong University, it also receives the school site and school property of Qingdao Private Qingdao University.
On June 13, the Ministry of Education hired nine other people, including He Siyuan, Wang, Zhao Taimou (), Peng Baichuan, Yi, Yang Zhensheng, Yuan Jiapu and Cai Yuanpei, to form the National Qingdao University Preparatory Committee, with He Siyuan as the director of the Preparatory Committee. Among the nine members of the Preparatory Committee, He Siyuan, Zhao Taimou, Du Guang, Fu Sinian, Yang Zhensheng and Yuan Jiapu were students of Mr. Cai Yuanpei when he was in charge of Peking University. Their position in the preparations for the National Qingdao University can be seen.
On June 20th, 1929, the Preparatory Committee of National Qingdao University held its first meeting in Jinan. Five members from this province, including He Siyuan, Yuan Jiapu, Zhao Taimou, Wang and Peng Baichuan, attended the meeting, but members from other provinces were unable to attend. He Siyuan is the chairman. In addition to announcing the formal establishment of the National Qingdao University Preparatory Committee, the meeting mainly discussed the sources of school funding, university funding and the selection of the secretary of the Preparatory Committee. The next day, He Siyuan, Zhao Taimou and others went to Qingdao to receive the private school property of Qingdao University, which was completed on June 29th.
The private Qingda school building was originally Bismarck Barracks during the German occupation of Qingdao (changed to Wannian Barracks during the Japanese occupation). It is located at the south sea of Huiquanjiao, far away from the hustle and bustle of the urban area, with a quiet environment. In the south, it is close to Huiquan Bath, where the sea and the sky are the same, the water is shallow and the slope is gentle, and the bottom is covered with fine sand. It is adjacent to the scenic Zhongshan Park in the east and overlooking Zhu Lan and Luoliting in zhanqiao park in the west. The narrowest building in the courtyard stands on the mountain, with red tiles and white walls and harmonious style. "Green onions on three sides, surrounded by blue sea, one mountain is high and the red building is high", which is an excellent place for reading and asking questions. It was also Mr Cai Yuanpei's idea to choose the school site here. He has high hopes for the National Qingdao University to promote Qingdao's local culture. "With the topography and climate of Qingdao, it will be a cultural center in the future, which has a lot to do with this university."
1929 On the afternoon of July 8, 2009, the Preparatory Committee of National Qingdao University held its second meeting in Qingdao Huiquan Hotel. This is the most important meeting of the Preparatory Committee. Cai Yuanpei, He Siyuan, Yuan Jiapu, Yang Zhensheng, Zhao Taimou, Yun, Wang and Peng Baichuan attended the meeting. Minister of Education Jiang Menglin made a special trip from Nanjing to Qingdao to preside over the meeting. The preparatory meeting listened to the report of He Siyuan, director of the preparatory committee, on the preparations for the National Qingdao University, and determined a series of decisions, such as discipline setting, teacher selection, fund-raising, school site expansion, enrollment, commencement date, establishment of an internship factory and an agricultural experimental field in Jinan. At the end of the meeting, He Siyuan, Yang Zhensheng, Zhao Taimou and Wang were elected as the standing committee members of the National Qingdao University. The meeting basically agreed on the prototype of the school.
On July 14, the third meeting of the Preparatory Committee of the National Youth University was held in the headquarters of Shandong University, an old provincial university in Jinan. This paper mainly discusses the administrative organization of the school, the selection of the dean and president of each college, the salary standard and budget of the hired and planned teachers and staff, the enrollment of new students and the grading of old students. On August 3rd, Mr. Cai Yuanpei sent a letter to Wu Jingheng, president of the Nanjing Government Supervision Institute (presented by He Siyuan), requesting Song Ziwen, the Minister of Finance, to allocate funds to the National Qingdao University.
President Zhao Taimou 10, and the Ministry of Education of the National Government hired Chen, Chen, Chen and Chen as the preparatory committee members, which increased the number of committee members from 9 to 12.
1930 in the first half of the year, the preparatory work for the National Qingdao University was basically completed. On September 2 1, the official opening ceremony was held and President Yang Zhensheng was sworn in. According to the suggestion of the Preparatory Committee, there will be two faculties of arts and sciences in the first year of school, and the Faculty of Arts will be divided into China Literature Department, Foreign Literature Department and Education Department. The School of Science is divided into four departments: Mathematics Department, Physics Department, Chemistry Department and Biology Department.
1On September 2nd, 932, the executive yuan meeting of Nanjing National Government decided to rename National Qingdao University as National Shandong University. And allowed President Yang Zhensheng to resign and appointed Zhao Taimou (Zhao Zhen) as President of National Shandong University.