In April 2000, Central South University of Technology, Hunan Medical University and Changsha Railway Institute merged to form Central South University. It can be traced back to Hunan Institute of Technology and Xiangya Medical College, which were founded in 1903 and 19 14 respectively. Central South University of Technology, formerly known as Central South Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (1952), enjoys a world-renowned mining discipline and is known as the "Huangpu of Mining and Metallurgy" in China. Changsha Railway Institute, formerly known as Central South Institute of Architecture and Engineering (1953), enjoys the reputation of "Troika" in domestic civil engineering. Hunan Medical University, formerly known as Xiangya Medical College (19 14), is the earliest institution of higher learning of western medicine in China, enjoying the reputation of "Xiangya in the south and Concord in the north".