Physics examination paper of junior two
(Examination time: 100, full score 120) Results
I. Multiple-choice questions (each question has only one correct answer, please put the letter before the correct option in brackets) (**42 points)
1. The following objects are not sound sources (C)
A. Flying bees B. Running motors
C. Tighten the rubber band D. Play the accordion
2. Regarding the generation and spread of sound, the following statement is correct: (a)
A. sound is produced by the vibration of objects.
B. sound can't travel in solids.
C. the sound made by human speech is produced by the vibration of the throat.
D. Only the vibration of solid can produce sound.
3. The following instruments work by infrared rays (B)
A. money detector B. night vision device C. fluorescent lamp D. prism
The successful launch of Shenzhou VI spacecraft makes people pay more attention to the life and work of astronauts. Astronauts can talk directly inside the spacecraft, but when working outside the spacecraft, they must use electronic communication equipment to talk, because (c)
A.there is too much noise in space. B. it is convenient to talk with communication equipment.
C. Space is a vacuum and sound cannot spread. Sound can only travel near the ground.
In daily life, "deafening" is often used to describe people's speech, which refers to the sound (B).
A. High notes B. Loudness
C. The timbre is different D. All the above statements are possible
6. The disinfection method of medical mercury thermometer after use is (D)
A. Bake on the flame of alcohol lamp B. Boil in boiling water.
C. rinse with clean water. D. scrub with medical alcohol.
7. The following state change phenomenon belongs to the liquefaction is (B)
A. In spring, the frozen lake begins to thaw. In summer, dew appears on the grass.
C. In late autumn, the tiles on the roof are covered with frost. In winter, frozen clothes gradually dry.
8. The following groups of state changes, all exothermic is (D)
A. melting, liquefaction and sublimation B. melting, vaporization and sublimation
C. Evaporation, solidification and sublimation D. Solidification, liquefaction and sublimation
9. The following table shows the melting point and boiling point of some substances, and the following statement is correct (B).
Material mercury, gold, steel, naphthalene, tungsten alcohol
Melting point (℃)-391064151580.5341017.
Boiling point (℃) 357 2500 2750 2 18 5900 78
A. gold will not melt if it falls into molten steel.
The filament in an electric light bulb is usually made of tungsten because of its high melting point.
C. The temperature of -40℃ can be measured with a mercury thermometer.
D. the boiling points of substances in the table can be measured by mercury thermometer.
10. The phenomenon that liquid can transmit sound is (D)
A. People on the shore heard the sound of the river flowing.
B in ancient times, soldiers sleeping on the ground with cowhide rocket launchers could hear the sound of hooves attacking the enemy at night.
We can hear the sound of waves hitting the rocks.
D. Divers can hear people on the shore.
1 1. Moon, sun, lighted torches and mirrors, one of which belongs to the light source is (D).
A. the moon and the mirror
C. The sun and the mirror D. The sun and the lit torch
12. Urban noise control is one of the main projects of environmental protection. Setting noise monitoring equipment beside some main roads can strengthen the monitoring and management of urban noise. Which of the following measures can't reduce the noise (B)
A. it is forbidden for motor vehicles to honk their horns in urban areas.
B. Reducing carbon dioxide emissions
A muffler is installed on the exhaust pipe of the motorcycle.
D. Planting trees on both sides of the street
13. Which of the following measures can be used to create a low-temperature and dry environment in the laboratory?
A, use a lot of ice to melt and absorb heat.
B. Blow violently with an electric fan
C. Use sublimation of dry ice to absorb heat.
D. open the indoor refrigerator door to reduce the temperature.
14. In the 100-meter race, if the timekeeper starts timing after hearing the gunshot, then the athlete's performance measured by him is better than the actual performance (B )A a.
A. much better. B. worse
C. The result is the same as that measured when the gun starts counting when it smokes. D. the conditions are insufficient to judge.
Two. Fill in the blanks (***29 points)
15. At the party, the ventriloquist vividly imitated the sounds of some animals and musical instruments. He mainly imitates the _ _ _ timbre of the sound. The audience heard the voice of ventriloquists spread through _ _ _ _ _.
16. As shown in the figure, from a physical point of view, (a) the figure is a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
17. As shown in the figure, A is a common tweeter and medical stethoscope. They are made in this shape to reduce the loss of sound and increase the loudness of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; And in some places, you can see the sign shown in Figure B, which means _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to reduce noise.
18. Compare the difference between common thermometer and clinical thermometer:
(1) The first thermometer has no C-neck;
(2) The readings of the two thermometers are different;
(3) The calibration values of the two thermometers are different.
19. In winter in the north, in order to prevent vegetables from freezing, buckets of water are often put into the vegetable cellar, which is based on _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
20. Solar energy is a clean and pollution-free renewable energy, which is widely used in modern life and science and technology. Solar panels can convert light energy into _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2 1. Under the scorching sun, the asphalt pavement becomes soft, indicating that the asphalt is melting. (Name of filling state change) In this process, the temperature rises, indicating that the asphalt is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (optional "crystalline" or "amorphous")
22. This summer, severe drought occurred in many parts of our country. In order to alleviate the drought, artificial rainfall has been carried out many times. Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) is dropped by the aircraft performing the mission at high altitude, and the dry ice quickly _ _ _ _ _ _ _ sublimates into gas, and absorbs a lot of heat from the surrounding area, so that the air temperature drops sharply, and the water vapor at high altitude becomes _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ small ice particles, which gradually become larger and fall, and will _ _ _ liquefy when encountering warm air flow. (Name of filling status change)
23. Many hotel bathrooms are equipped with hot air hand dryers, which can quickly dry hands after washing. Please tell me two reasons why it dries quickly: water evaporation absorbs heat _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ water evaporation absorbs heat _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
24. After sunlight passes through the prism, it is decomposed into various colors. This phenomenon shows that light is composed of seven colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and purple.
_____________________________________________。 Among them, there are three colors of light, which can produce other colors of light after proper mixing. They are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
25. If the white light shines on the green leaves after passing through the green glass, the leaves will be _ _ _ _ green; If it shines on the white rabbit, its body will appear _ _ _ _ _ green, and its red eye will appear _ _ _ _ _ _.
26. As shown in the figure, take a large syringe, pull the piston to suck some ether into the syringe, unplug the needle, and block the small hole of the syringe with a rubber cap. When the piston is pulled outward to a certain extent, the liquid ether in the syringe disappears, which is a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ phenomenon (the name of the change of filling state). Then, when the piston is pushed to a certain extent, liquid ether can be observed, indicating that the gas can be liquefied by _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Three, experiment and inquiry questions (***40 points)
27. As shown in the figure, put a small charged bell in the glass cover connected with the air extractor. Please answer the following questions:
(1) When the air in the glass cover is gradually pumped out by the air extractor, it will be found that,
The sound of the small electric bell in the glass cover is getting smaller and smaller, and finally no sound can be heard.
(2) If air is gradually introduced into the glass cover,
The sound of the little bell in the glass cover gradually recovered to its original state.
(3) This experiment shows that sound cannot propagate in vacuum _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
28. In the experiment of light dispersion, Xiao Ming found that when measuring the temperature of different colored light areas, the thermometer reading rose rapidly when it was placed outside _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, indicating that there was an invisible light in this area, which was called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. The main features of this lamp are as follows. When exploring, the function of blackening the thermometer glass bulb is to reduce the temperature.
.
29. As shown in Figure A, scrape the teeth of the plastic comb twice with a thin plastic sheet. The first time is faster, and the second time is slower, so the sound made in the first time has a high pitch. If you brush your teeth for the second time, the greater the power, the louder the sound _ _ _ _ _ _. As shown in Figure B, if the teeth of two plastic combs A and B are scraped twice with a thin plastic sheet at the same speed, the tooth density of comb B will increase the pitch of the sound emitted by the combs.
30. To read the following article, you need to find two phrases or sentences related to physical knowledge and explain the physical knowledge involved.
Xiao Lin finishes school at noon, and the weather is very hot. Xiao Lin bought a popsicle by the roadside and opened the wrapping paper. The popsicle is white. Finished eating. Wow! Much cooler. As he walked and sang, he unconsciously reached the door and smelled a fragrance. It turned out that his mother was cooking fried chicken thighs, and accidentally spilled a drop of water into the boiling oil pan, which made a violent noise and spilled oil. ...
The sentence or phrase of 1: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Sentence or phrase 2: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
3 1. In the experiment of "observing the boiling of water": (1) Please draw the size of bubbles at different depths of A and B in the figure. (2) The temperature shown in the figure is _ _ _ _ _ _ _℃
(3) When the water temperature is close to 90℃, record the temperature every 65438 0 minutes. The data are as follows:
Time (minutes) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Temperature (℃) 88 90 92 94 96 98 98 98 98 98 98 98 98 98 98 98 98 98 98 98.
The student observed this phenomenon, analyzed the data and came to the following conclusion:
A. Boiling is a violent vaporization phenomenon that occurs simultaneously on the surface and inside of a liquid.
B. Water absorbs heat for 5 minutes in the first 5 minutes, and the temperature rises.
You may also come to the conclusion: ① The highest boiling point of water in this experiment is 98℃ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _;
② The lowest temperature of experimental data is 88℃ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(4) What measures can be taken to shorten the time in the experiment of "observing the boiling of water"? Name at least two.
Can be heated with warm water; Use a more powerful alcohol lamp
(5) When Xiao Ming watched the water boiling in the kettle at home, he spouted a stream of "white gas" from the spout, but he couldn't see the "white gas" in the nearest place to the spout. Why?
The temperature near the spout is higher than the temperature at a certain distance from the spout, so there is no "white gas" in the nearest place to the spout.
32. The following table is the data recorded by a classmate when doing a decompression melting experiment:
t/min 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 1 12 13
T/℃
(1) Complete the melting curve of Haibo in the right picture according to the data in the table.
(2) Please answer the following questions by analyzing the data in the table:
① Haibo belongs to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (fill in "crystal" or "amorphous"), and its melting point is _ _ 48 _ _℃;
(2) The state of the sea wave is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (fill in "endothermic" or "exothermic").
③ During 8min ~ 10min, it is a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(4) The temperature of the sea wave rises continuously from the first _ _1_ _ minute, and the state of the sea wave is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
33. In the process of exploring the experiment of "Factors Affecting Evaporation Speed", the students made the following guesses: The factors affecting the evaporation speed of liquid may be: a. the temperature of liquid, b. the surface area of liquid, c. the speed of air flow on the surface of liquid,
D. type of liquid.
(1) A classmate designed the following experiment: take two identical beakers and hold the same weight of alcohol, put one cup in the scorching sun and the other cup in the shade, and observe and compare the amount of alcohol in the two cups after a period of time. The purpose of this experiment is to verify the conjecture _ _ _ _ C _ _ A _ (choose "A", "B", "C" or "D").
(2) Please design an experiment to verify the conjecture D .. and briefly write out the experimental method.
Take two identical beakers, fill them with alcohol and ether respectively, and put both beakers in the shade. After a period of time, observe and compare the amount of alcohol and ether twice.
Four, calculation and application problems (***9 points)
34. Echo can be used to measure the distance from sound source to obstacles. In order to detect the depth of a certain place on the seabed, scientists emit ultrasonic waves vertically from the sea surface and receive the echo signal after 4 seconds. It is known that the speed of sound propagation in seawater is1530m per second. Please answer the following questions:
(1) Can the human ear hear ultrasonic waves? Why?
(2) What is the depth of the ocean?
(3) Can the distance between the earth and the moon be measured by the reflection of sound waves? Why?
(4) Please list two more applications of ultrasound in production practice.
Answer: (1) No, because the ultrasonic wave is higher than 20000Hz.
(2) ocean depth 1530m, ocean depth 3060m.
(3) No, because vacuum cannot transmit sound.
(4)B-ultrasound and ultrasonic velocimeter
Reference answers and grading standards
First, multiple-choice questions (3 points for each question, ***42 points)
The title is123455678 910121314.
Answer c a b c b b b b b b b b b c a
Two. Fill in the blanks: (65438+ 0 for each blank, ***29)
15. Tone; Air 16. Music; Noise 17. Loudness; Do not whistle;
18.( 1) The measuring range is different; (2) Different segmentation values; (3) the structure is different (others that meet the meaning of the question can also be scored). 19. curing; Be discharged on the 20th. Electricity; Chemistry 2 1. Melting; Amorphous 22. Sublimation; Ninghua; Melt 23. (1) the temperature of the blown air is high, and the evaporation of water on the hands is accelerated; (2) The blowing wind accelerates the air flow and the evaporation of water on hands. 24. Sunlight is composed of various colors; Red light; Green light; Blue light 25. Green; Green; Black 26. Vaporization; Compressed volume
Third, the experiment and inquiry questions (3 points +4 points +3 points +4 points +9 points+1/kloc-0 +6 points, ***40 points)
27. The bell gradually becomes smaller; The bell gradually rings; Sound cannot travel in a vacuum. (65438+ 0 point per grid)
28. Red light, infrared light and heat increase the sensitivity of the thermometer (others that meet the meaning of the question can also be scored). (65438+ 0 point per grid)
29. One, two and b (each space 1 dot)
30. heat, high temperature; White gas, liquefied by water vapor; It's much cooler, and the popsicle melts and absorbs heat; Singing or making violent noise when walking, which is caused by the vibration of objects; (others that meet the meaning of the question can also be scored) (1 point per grid)
3 1.( 1) omitted; (2)92; ③ ① The boiling point of water is 98℃; ② The temperature of water remains constant during boiling; Boiling water needs to absorb heat; 5 ~ 9 min water temperature unchanged, etc. (others can also score if they meet the meaning of the question); (4) cover the beaker; Reduce water quantity; Increasing the initial temperature of water; Increase firepower (others that meet the meaning of the question can also be scored). (5) The temperature near the spout is high, and the water vapor is not easy to liquefy (2 points for drawing, each space 1 minute, 2 points for (4) and (5))
32.( 1) omitted; ② ① Crystal, 48; (2) solid, endothermic; (3) melting, heat absorption and solid-liquid storage; ④ 10, liquid. (Figure 2 points, each grid 1 point)
33.( 1) a, (2) omitted. (Question (1)2 points, question (2)4 points)
Four, calculation and application problems (9 points)
34.( 1) can't, because the frequency exceeds 20000Hz；; (2)3060 meters; (3) No, sound cannot travel in a vacuum; (4)B-ultrasound, ultrasonic cleaner. (others that meet the meaning of the question can also be scored)