1. Emotional overreaction:
(1) Anger
Example: A boy, a junior, is usually quiet, and all the students around him can feel that this person is difficult to approach from his cold and hostile eyes. One day, because of a trivial matter, I had a conflict with a foreign teacher's class, used weapons, disabled the other party and expelled him from school. Afterwards, I learned that he had been hurt by school violence during middle school. Since then, he has been hostile to anyone. Anyone who he thinks intends to hurt him will immediately have revenge and anger, which leads to this evil result.
Anger is the basic emotional response of people, which is divided into dissatisfaction, anger, anger, rage, rage and so on. The behavior of the above-mentioned students has far exceeded the intensity of their anger, and they can't control their anger. In fact, it is the transfer of hatred left over from past experiences, or it can be said that anger has hurt others and hurt myself. If you have been hurt and often trapped in anger, take the initiative to find a psychological teacher to adjust your mentality and get rid of it as soon as possible; For those who are prone to improper and excessive emotional expression, we should learn to use psychological adjustment methods to alleviate their impulsive emotions.
(2) excessive anxiety
Anxiety itself is not an emotional distress. For example, anxiety before exams happens to almost everyone. Moderate anxiety is conducive to the development of personal potential. If a person has no anxiety or lacks anxiety, it will lead to inattention and reduce the efficiency of work and study. Therefore, whether in class or after-school self-study, you need to maintain a certain degree of anxiety. However, excessive anxiety will often distract people's attention because of excessive tension, leading to a decline in work and study efficiency. What I'm talking about here is excessive anxiety, and its own anxiety level has already constituted a bad influence and interference on study and life.
The causes of anxiety can be divided into: ① Situational anxiety, also known as reactive anxiety, refers to the anxiety caused by external psychological pressure such as examination, study and public speech; (2) Emotional anxiety refers to the anxiety reaction caused by worrying about what is expected to happen and feeling guilty about one's own fault; ③ Nervous anxiety refers to anxiety caused by psychological and physiological reasons such as emotional disorder, panic, insomnia and palpitation. There are many ways to overcome anxiety, including relaxation training, cognitive change, role training and so on.
(3) overstress state
Stress state refers to the adaptive response state of the parties under the strong stimulation of a certain environment, which is often accompanied by a variety of negative emotions, such as fear, shock, disgust, excessive tension and even pain, hostility, fear, disappointment and other emotional feelings, so it is actually a negative bad emotion.
2. Insufficient emotional response:
The lack of emotional response of college students is mainly manifested in depression and indifference.
(1) Melancholy
Melancholy is a melancholy mental state, which is manifested by lack of passion, anxiety, sigh, decreased speech, loss of appetite and other physiological and psychological reactions. Melancholy is common among college students. For example, some students are depressed because they dare not face the competition and pressure of study, or they are dissatisfied with their majors, lose interest in life and study, feel unhappy, and their behavior level drops, so they avoid interacting with others. Severe cases are accompanied by bad mood, insomnia, and even suicidal tendencies.
What needs special distinction is that depression and depression are both related and qualitatively different. Melancholy belongs to bad emotional interference and needs psychological adjustment, while depression belongs to mental illness and needs to go to the hospital in time.
(2) indifference
It is also a manifestation of insufficient emotional response intensity and is in a negative state of indifference to people and things. These people have no enthusiasm and interest in life; Indifferent to study, listless; Indifferent to classmates, even indifferent to the warmth and coldness of others; Not sensitive to group activities. Professor Takazawa Matsubara, a Japanese psychologist, described the students in this state as "three noes" students who have no desire, no desire and no strength. Indifference is a psychological reaction of self-escape to environment and reality. Although apathy has a certain psychological defensive nature, it will lead to depression, withdrawal and self-isolation of participants, which will seriously affect a person's physical and mental health. To overcome indifference, we should start with establishing a sense of responsibility, gradually establish our own life goals, conduct interpersonal communication, and actively participate in life and study.
3. The duration of negative emotions is too long or generalized:
Example: A college student once answered a question in class. Because of his nervousness, he let slip, which aroused the laughter of his classmates and was criticized by his teacher. Since then, every time he attends this teacher's class, he will feel extremely nervous and anxious, and then he will develop into fear. He had to sit in the last row, but he was still afraid of the teacher's eyes. He soon dared not enter the classroom, afraid of all the teachers' eyes. The student's experience of negative emotions caused by accidental events has not been well handled, and it has gradually been generalized to all similar situations, resulting in emotional obstacles in study and interpersonal communication.
Negative emotions are not bad emotions, but also a necessary reaction for people to adapt to the environment. It can stimulate people's internal potential-to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, so that people can leave and avoid the environment that causes bad mentality. However, if this emotion lasts too long or spreads, it will seriously affect people's normal life, study and work, and will have a serious negative impact on people's body and mind. To solve this kind of problem, we can adopt various psychological adjustment methods such as systematic desensitization, cognitive change and exposure therapy.
4. Can't accept or control their emotional state:
Example: A classmate said that when studying at ordinary times, meaningless thoughts often flashed through his mind. He tried to restrain himself, but the more he restrained himself, the more serious he felt. The student's emotional distress is due to his unacceptable emotional response to himself.
We should know now that the appearance of emotions is a natural and instinctive feeling of human beings. Whether you like it or not, whether it is positive or negative, whether it is positive or negative, it is not subject to our will. When we are not ready to accept or even reject a negative emotion, we are actually paying attention to or strengthening it.
In an experiment, psychologist Daniel Wegener asked some college students to be subjects. As agreed in advance, no one can think of the white bear. If someone thinks of it, he must press the bell button in front of him. Results Within five minutes after the start of the experiment, these college students almost kept ringing the bell. Because in the process of rejecting their own psychological activities, they are also paying attention to and strengthening these concepts and feelings. This experiment explains why students are more nervous when they are afraid of exams and more worried about making a fool of themselves on important occasions.
There are many internal reasons for this emotional distress, such as excessive pursuit of perfection, bad psychological set, the shadow of early negative events, nervous anxiety and so on. The ways to get rid of it are: first, try to accept your emotional state, let it go, let it go, and second, let yourself learn, without pursuing perfection or demanding yourself.