Functionalism:
Anthropological methods that emerged in the 1920s. It believes that it is impossible to know the essence, essence or primary reason of things, but only the phenomena and attributes of things; It is advocated that the concept of entity should be excluded, and the object should be grasped in the relationship between interdependent factors and things, while the understanding of the phenomena and attributes of things lies in the understanding of their functions. Structural-functionalism holds that society is a system with a certain structure or organizational means, and all components of society are interrelated in an orderly manner and play a necessary role in the whole society. The whole exists in a state of balance, and changes in any part will tend to a new balance. Theoretically, we don't pay attention to the individual, but emphasize the social system. Most social and cultural phenomena can be regarded as functional because they help to maintain the whole social structure.
Conflict theory:
Conflict theory is one of modern western sociological theories, which is contrary to structural functionalism. Popular in western Europe and the United States after the 1950s, this paper mainly discusses the nature and root causes of social conflicts, types of conflicts, prevention and its role in social life. One view is that conflicts can be divided into cultural conflicts, economic conflicts and distribution conflicts; Another view divides conflicts into realistic and unrealistic ones.
Interaction theory:
Interaction theory: human development is the result of interaction between individual internal factors and external environment.
Piaget of Switzerland overcame the defect of linear thinking.
Interaction theory, external theory, internal theory and subjective practice theory are all basic viewpoints to study the motivation of human physical and mental development.
Relationship theory:
In theory, Mach's attitude towards causality is consistent with that of Hume and Kant, that is, the objective causality of things is regarded as the product of human subjectivity.
Extended data
The founder of contemporary sociology
Three founders of sociology:
Max Weber is the author of Protestant Ethics and the Spirit of Capitalism.
Karl Marx, who is familiar to everyone, divided the society into primitive society, slave society, feudal society, capitalist society and socialist society by social stratification, and wrote Capital.
Emile Durkheim, also translated as Durkheim, proposed organic solidarity and mechanical unity.
The Origin of Contemporary Sociology
CurrentSociology is an academic journal of English sociology, which has been published since 1952. It is published by the International Sociological Association and SAGEPublications. EloísaMartin, a sociology professor at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, is the current editor-in-chief. According to the data of Journal Citation Report, the impact factor of Contemporary Sociology 20 10 is 0.624, ranking 79th among 129 sociological journals.