Academic education in China can be divided into:
1, primary school, junior high school, compulsory education, basic education, high school (with the improvement of China's development level, it is estimated that by 2020, high school education will be basically popularized);
2. Technical schools, vocational technical schools, vocational middle schools, vocational high schools, higher vocational schools and technician colleges belong to vocational education; Educate the educated in professional knowledge, skills and professional ethics necessary for engaging in a certain occupation or productive labor.
3. Secondary specialized schools, secondary normal schools, junior colleges (junior colleges) and undergraduate courses belong to professional education. The education he received was mainly based on the professional knowledge he taught. Admission requires unified recruitment, and graduation requires a dispatch card (registration card).
4. Postgraduates, including master students and doctoral students. Scientific research is the main direction.
Extended data:
The role of academic qualifications:
1, salary grade
State-owned enterprises and institutions are still continuing the practice of planned economy in personnel management and setting the threshold for employing people. In individual enterprises, graduates with bachelor degree or above can enter the establishment and become formal workers, while students in higher vocational colleges are hired workers.
The income of regular workers is higher than that of employed workers, and the salary of undergraduate course is higher than that of junior college. More standardized enterprises also set their salaries according to their academic qualifications, and the bonuses and promotion opportunities for undergraduates and above are relatively more than those for junior colleges.
2, professional title evaluation
At present, almost all kinds of professional titles are linked to academic qualifications, and there is basically no opportunity to evaluate senior professional titles below the junior college level. At present, the leaders in charge of many units are almost all people with senior titles. Without senior professional titles, you will lose many opportunities to be in charge of leadership, while without undergraduate courses, you will lose the opportunity to evaluate senior professional titles.
3. Postgraduate entrance examination
With a bachelor's degree, you can directly apply for the national unified recruitment of graduate students without a degree certificate, while junior college students can only apply for graduate students with the same academic ability five years after graduation from university.
Although the state stipulates that five years after graduation from junior college, it is allowed to apply for graduate students with the same academic ability, in fact, many universities are reluctant to recruit junior college students. In addition to submitting materials to prove the same academic ability, it will also set obstacles in many aspects and require the publication of papers.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-education