Early automobile use
edit
( 19 10s- 1950)
1909, President Taft's M-type white steam car.
The first American president to ride in a car was william mckinley, but it was not until theodore roosevelt became president that the white Stanley steamer, the first car owned by the government, was officially used. William howard taft, Roosevelt's successor, once bought the M-type steam car produced by White Power Company as his official car, and transformed the stables of the White House into his own garage. In addition, he ordered two cars produced by Piers Yarra Motor Company for some official occasions in the country. Woodrow Wilson, Taft's next president, also preferred cars to station wagons. After World War I, a parade was held on the streets of Boston to celebrate the victory. President Wilson took part in the parade and became one of the first CEOs to ride in Cadillac. [ 1]
192 1 year, successor warren harding attended the inauguration ceremony by bus, becoming the first president to attend the inauguration ceremony by bus. Subsequently, the successor President johncalvin coolidge used the Cadillac semi-convertible of 1928 as his official car. [2]
1938, two Cadillac convertibles named Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth were delivered to the US government. These two cars were named after the two largest ocean-going cruise ships at that time. They are 2 1.5 feet (6.6 meters) long and weigh 7660 pounds (3470 kilograms). They are equipped with a full set of weapons and ammunition, two-way radio communication equipment and heavy generators, which are durable and reliable for the three presidents of franklin roosevelt, Harry Truman and dwight eisenhower.
The first car specially built for the convenience of the President was Lincoln V 1939 convertible, which was called "extraordinary sunshine" and was used by franklin roosevelt. The limousine was originally equipped with alarm, night light, two-way radio communication, extra-wide pedals and handles for Secret Service agents to grasp. After Pearl Harbor, the Secret Service was very worried that President Roosevelt might be assassinated. [3]
194 1 12.8, the day after the incident, the 1928 Cadillac 34 1A originally belonging to the gangster al capone was used to transport the president to the Capitol to deliver a "national humiliation speech". After Capone was arrested, the car was originally confiscated by the Ministry of Finance and parked in the car impounding parking lot, but this time it came in handy unexpectedly. Roosevelt used Capone's car until his Sunshine was converted into bulletproof, with protective steel plates on the doors, bulletproof tires, windows several inches thick and a storage room for submachine guns. Ford motor company rents the modified car to the president's office for $500 a year. The car has been used until 1948. It is now on permanent display at the Henry Ford Museum in dearborn, Michigan. After that, the Secret Service used 75 Series Cadillac convertibles with customized body models of 1956, 1976 and 1983 as follow-up command vehicles until the 1960s.
Automobile age
edit
( 1950- 1969)
The photo shows 196 1 President's car-Lincoln Continental Convertible, whose bullet-proof plastic "bubble top" has been removed. 1963165438+1On October 22nd, President Kennedy was assassinated while riding in this car in Dealey Square, Dallas, Texas.
1950, two customized Lincoln World luxury cars were delivered to the White House for President Truman's use. Later, President Eisenhower suggested that one of them be equipped with a glass roof, which was called a "foam roof". This car was later used by John F. Kennedy and lyndon johnson, and was retired in 1965. Now it is permanently displayed in the Henry Ford Museum. President dwight eisenhower, who is famous for his cars, took the first Cadillac El dorado luxury convertible in the parade on the inauguration day of President 1953. [4]
The limousine in which President John F. Kennedy was assassinated was a blue-black Lincoln Continental convertible with model 196 1. The car has an acrylic transparent roof to prevent bad weather. It was made by Hess and Eisenhardt in Cincinnati, and its code name was SS- 100-X in the Secret Service. After that, the car was renovated and improved, including installing protective steel plates, fixing the roof, brand-new interior, improving air conditioning system, installing electronic equipment and bulletproof glass. In other changes, it was painted black again and its appearance was decorated to eliminate the damage suffered in the assassination. Now this car is also on display at the Henry Ford Museum. [5]
The next Johnson administration used three 1965 Lincoln Continental executive luxury cars. Two of them are for the President, and one is for robert mcnamara, the former president of Ford Motor Company. In addition, there is a 1968 extended Lincoln sedan for President Johnson to use in Washington, D.C. and his hometown of Austin, Texas. This car is currently on display at the lyndon johnson Presidential Library and Museum. [6]
1967 so president Kennedy's car SS- 100-X was modified again. Later, during Richard Nixon's presidency, the big glass roof of the car was replaced by the smaller glass and chain roof. The car served until 1977, and was finally placed in the Henry Ford Museum.
Authoritative symbol
edit
(1969- up to now)
1972, President Richard Nixon and his first lady, Pat Nixon, rode in President Lincoln's car purchased in 1969. During Nixon's presidency, the White House ordered a Lincoln Continental limousine from Lyman-Peterson Company in Chicago, which was delivered at 1969. A skylight was added to the car so that Nixon could stand in the car and meet the crowd if necessary during the parade. In addition, it is equipped with several functions, such as retractable handle and pedal, which was quickly imitated by Hess & Eisenhardt. At present, the car is in the Nixon Presidential Library and Museum in Balinda, California. [7]
The Nixon administration then ordered two armored Chrysler Imperial Baron Ray luxury cars made by Hess & Eisenhardt (front and rear bumpers are 1973, which is the last Chrysler car used in the White House so far) and a Lincoln Continental car with 1972, but the body was lengthened to 22 feet (7 meters). It is equipped with protective armor and bulletproof glass, driven by a 460 cubic inch (7.5 liter) V8 engine and equipped with a C-6 three-speed automatic transmission. [8] This car has also undergone many changes in its service history. Besides modifying the rear taillight and reflector assembly to match the newer models of 1977 to 1979, it also includes replacing the front fender and water tank shield. Ford, Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan all used this Lincoln car, which was also the presidential car that Reagan was about to sit in when he was assassinated in 198 1. Ironically, the armor of the car became the key factor leading to Reagan's gunshot wound. Reagan was not directly hit at that time, but was hit by bullets flying from armored bullets on the side of the car. This car is currently on display at the Henry Ford Museum. [9]
1983, the Reagan administration received a Cadillac Ford Littlewood limousine. In February of the same year, the car made its debut in the birthday parade of President Ronald Reagan in Dixon, Illinois. This is the last GM car equipped with a turbocharged Hydra-Matic 400 three-speed automatic transmission. This car is currently stored in the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in Simi Valley, California. The car used by President george herbert walker bush is a modified Lincoln City limousine with model 1989. The car is equipped with a 7.5-liter V8 engine of Ford F-250 heavy truck and an E4OD four-speed automatic transmission. The George Bush Presidential Library in the University Town of Texas displays a model of the same model. [ 10]
1993, a presidential Cadillac Ford Littlewood bloom limousine was delivered to the Clinton administration. In order to minimize external threats, the car is not equipped with a roof skylight and pedals. It is equipped with a 454 cubic inch (7.4 liters) Chevrolet V-8 engine and a 4L80E four-speed automatic transmission, which is the same as the engine used in the Chevrolet C2500 heavy-duty pickup truck with model 1993. This car is currently stored at the Clinton Presidential Center in Little Rock, Arkansas. As of 2009, this 1993 Cadillac Ford Littlewood sedan at the Clinton Presidential Center was the last presidential car to be publicly displayed. According to the plan, the Secret Service will use the future presidential car for safety test, which may cause the car to be destroyed.
In 200 1 year, a Cadillac Di Wei limousine was delivered to the bush administration, and was replaced by Cadillac DTS (Di Wei station wagon) in 2005. This 2005 Cadillac DTS limousine was developed by Centro Armor Company (formerly O'Gara-Hess and Eisenhardt Company, O'Gara-Hess &; Eisenhardt) is a hand-made extended armored Cadillac DTS on the four-wheel drive platform of General Motors. The car first appeared in the parade of George Walker Bush's second presidential inauguration ceremony on October 20th, 2005/KLOC-0, and now it is often used as a substitute for the presidential seat.