2. Abstracts and keywords. Abstract is a summary of the whole paper. Many people, including ourselves, will read the abstract before reading the paper. Through the abstract, we can understand the research content, research methods and research results of this paper, so the abstract is very important. When we finish writing the abstract, we need to revise it repeatedly until the language can concisely summarize the essence of our whole article. Keywords are the most commonly used words in the whole article, generally 3~5.
3. Preface of the paper. The preface needs to introduce the research content of the paper and summarize the current research background and status quo. This part needs a lot of reference materials.