Key: 1. B 2。 A 3。 A 4。 A 5。 D
Task 2: Improvement of Rice
(S 1) Research (S2) Gene (S3) Journal (S4) Warning (S5) Productivity. (S6) Growth (S7) Survival. (S8) Plant breeders have used the preliminary information of rice genome to cultivate experimental strains of rice that can better resist cold and insect pests.
The new map can better explain not only rice. Rice and other cereal crops share a common ancestor.
(S 10) While the rice genome analysis has made great progress, the human gene map has also made progress.
Key: 1. A 2。 B 3。 C 4 explosive B 5。 C
Susan: There are so many people in the world who are malnourished. Why do people protest against genetically modified food?
Chris: Some people protest against genetically modified foods, but more people protest that processed foods containing these ingredients are not labeled.
Susan: But why label it?
Chris: Not everyone is sure that genetically modified food is safe. They want to make sure that biotech foods contain sme as well as organic foods.
Susan: But there are more pressing problems in this world. Many people are starving to death.
Chris: But those who are not hungry may want genetically modified foods to be labeled, so that they know what foods to eat and what not to eat.
Susan: You know, I've heard of a genetically modified fish that has grown ten times its normal size.
Chris: That sounds abnormal.
Susan: Yes, it does sound strange, but that fish can feed ten times more people.
Chris: You're right; Genetically modified food may help solve the world hunger problem. But I think we have a right to know what we are eating.
Do you think human cloning
Should be prohibited by law?
script
Susan: After cloning Dolly the sheep, I think the next step is to clone human beings.
John: Wow. I have reservations about this. There are still many scientific problems.
Before human cloning begins.
Susan: There is an easier way. Cloning aid company says they have cloned human beings.
John: Oh, my God! These guys claim that aliens from another planet taught them human beings.
Cloning.
Susan: A woman gave them half a million dollars to clone her dead daughter.
John: Obviously, that woman doesn't know much about cloning. How risky is it!
Susan: I know it's inefficient. It took 276 attempts to produce Dolly. But why is there a risk?
John: Cloned animals grow very big and age very quickly.
Susan: In other words, that woman may not be satisfied with her cloned daughter.
John: Then there is emotion. No one knows whether cloning will damage the brain.
Susan: Do you think human cloning should be prohibited by law?
John: In my opinion, cloning human organs should not be banned. It might help.
Solve medical problems.
Susan: I see what you mean: If cloning is beneficial to human beings, it should be regulated.
Model 3: Is it disturbing nature?
script
Nora: Some religious groups are against genetic research. They think this is disturbing nature.
John: I know. But nature is also stubborn, so we often need to interfere with her-we build dams to control floods.
Nora: There are many diseases that are part of nature, and they bring great pain to people: for example, cancer and diabetes.
John: A better understanding of the genetic code that controls our bodies will be of great help in treating many diseases.
Nora: The project of mapping human genetic code ... what's it called?
John: The Genome Project. As you said, it has great hope to make our life better-only in the ability to identify and correct diseases caused by genes like Alzheimer's disease.
Nora: Some diseases, such as cancer, are also thought to have genetic switches.
John: That's right. Once researchers find this switch, maybe they can turn off cancer or Alzheimer's disease.
Nora: People are also worried that science will enable us to determine qualities such as intelligence and height.
John: You know this will happen-it's only a matter of time.
Nora: Imagine if everyone was a combination of Yao Ming and Albert Einstein.
John: But if they are wrong, what about Yao Ming's knowledge of nuclear physics and Albert Einstein's height?
Nora: All those religious groups will say you deserve it.
More than 70% American consumers support biotechnology.
In a recent referendum in Oregon, voters overwhelmingly rejected a proposal requiring special labels on all products containing biotechnology ingredients by 73% to 27%.
Scientists in China have cultivated a new type of tomato by biotechnology, which contains hepatitis B vaccine.
This technology can be used to save lives, alleviate pain and suffering and improve the human condition.
Key: 1. A 2。 B 3。 C 4 explosive C 5。 D
Key: 1. T 2。 T 3。 F 4。 F 5。 T
bioinformatics
script
This is a complicated name for a complicated subject. Bioinformatics is the key to understand the rich information in the human genome project.
Researchers have mapped almost all 30,000 genes that make up human DNA, but it is not easy to understand useful data.
Double Twist is a pioneer in the field of bioinformatics.
[original words]
Double Twist mainly deals with information that the public can also obtain, sifts data and looks for information that may help to link biological problems such as cancer with their possible treatments.
[original words]
Then, the company sells software and data to pharmaceutical companies, biotechnology companies and academic institutions, which use them in their work. This provides a solution to help people better understand the data from the human genome project.
[original words]
Bioinformatics accelerates drug development and provides more accurate research.
[original words]
Human genome science has pushed this process forward. It uses bioinformatics and its own genome information to develop drugs.
[original words]
At present, Human Genome Science Company is testing four new drugs, all of which are the results of genome research. The bioinformatics system developed by the company played an important role in the discovery of these drugs.
[original words]
Bioinformatics can also bring faster returns to investors.
[original words]
Although the role of bioinformatics is crucial, it is only a small part of the whole 305 billion dollars biotechnology field, accounting for only about 2.23 billion dollars.
But some investors believe that bioinformatics has great potential.
[original words]
Therefore, unless pharmaceutical companies start to develop their own bioinformatics systems or cooperate with companies that can provide these systems, they may fall behind in the competition to discover new drugs.