Dehang is located in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in the northwest of Hunan Province, in the west of Jishou City, about 18km away from the urban area, in the middle of Wuling Grand Canyon formed by the intersection of Yunnan-Guizhou border and Wuling Mountain, with geographical coordinates of109 30'-10 04' in east longitude and 2808' in north latitude. The planned area of the scenic spot is 108 square kilometers, which is divided into three scenic spots: Xiaolong, Donghe and Dehang. 1987 1 month/day officially opened 1 991was approved as a provincial-level scenic spot by the Hunan provincial people's government, and was successfully declared as a national key scenic spot in 2005. More than 20 films such as Anti-Bandits in Xiangxi, Anti-Bandits in Wulong Mountain Scenic Resort and Bloody Xiangxi were filmed here.
Dehang has a subtropical monsoon climate with four distinct seasons. The annual average temperature16 c–18 c is located at the critical point of the third step to the second step of China's topography, and the geographical fault has created a magnificent canyon landform. The natural scenery of the scenic spot is very beautiful, and it is a typical limestone canyon landform, which is praised as the "golden nail section" by the international geological community.
Dehang Miao Village, located at the core of the scenic spot, is a world-famous hometown of Miao and Drum, which has bred two generations of excellent Miao and Drum Kings. The dwellings in Dehang Miao Village are all blue-tiled wooden houses, and several criss-crossing bluestone roads are woven with 100 households. Jiulong River passes through the village, and an ancient and elegant stone arch bridge spans the mountain stream.
Every year, on the day of "Solitaire", colorful flags are flying on the bridge and under the bridge, and the crowd is bustling with suona gongs and drums. People in four townships and eight villages dressed in festive costumes, surrounded by "dragon girls", formed a mighty solitaire team to board the bridge and go to Yuquanmen next to the village to "receive dragons". Such large-scale traditional Miao activities include Miao Drum Music Festival, Qingming Song Festival, Autumn Festival and Hundred Lions Festival. After the activity, you can be invited to visit the Miao family, feel the Miao people's living customs, and taste the Miao-style silver rice tea, whole grain rice, sour fish, sour meat and steamed corn. You can also be invited to join a spring fire party and watch Miao girls and boys perform "Drum Dance", "Solitaire" and "You Quan" for you. Every September, you can also watch the annual international rock climbing competition.
There are a group of Miao people living here, with simple folk customs. They love each other freely through songs. Women like to wear silver ornaments and collarless embroidered clothes; Men love to tie leggings and blow leaves. They grow their own mulberry and sericulture, spin and weave fabrics, and hand-made fabrics are wonderful. People here follow the ancient methods of oil extraction, paper making, rice milling, textile and truck irrigation. By the stream, thousands of large and small pipe trucks crunched and turned, forming a beautiful pastoral scenery.
There are more than 80 families living in Dehang Village. Their festivals mainly include March 3rd, April 8th, June 6th, the Year of the Miao, the Running of the Bull and the Sister Festival, among which the Year of the Miao is the most grand. Miao cultural activities include Miao songs, Miao dances, lion catching, knife climbing, bullfighting and bullfighting. There are more than 30 kinds of colorful folk activities, such as Miao guests singing and toasting at the door, Miao dances, songs and dances, Miao encouragement and farewell lights.
Miaogu steet
Miao Drum Festival is a traditional sacred festival of Miao nationality. Every year, on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, Miao people in the four townships invite Miao drums to sacrifice and drum all night. Dehang is known as the first village of Miao culture in China. During the China Hunan Tourism Festival in 2002, the aim was to show the Miao culture and folk customs to tourists at home and abroad in Hunan, enhance the tourism popularity in western Hunan, and add a landscape to the celebration of the 20th anniversary of the founding of Jishou City. This Miao and Drum Festival is jointly sponsored by Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture Government and Provincial Ethnic Affairs Committee. For the first time, it invited Miao and drum teams from seven provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions to participate in the performance. At the same time, there are traditional folk activities with national characteristics, such as bamboo cows in ancient temples, climbing mountains with hundreds of lions, singing songs in temples, and autumn for eight people. Hold an exhibition of Xiangxi customs art and photography works.
Miao family catches autumn.
The Mid-Autumn Festival of Miao people is on the day of beginning of autumn in the lunar calendar (July 14 in the lunar calendar and August 22nd in the solar calendar). ) or a day or two later. At this time, the field is one.
Ask the rooftop in the clouds
Golden, autumn harvest crops are more mature, and a bumper harvest is in sight. The annual income is basically a foregone conclusion, and the scene of bumper harvest is exciting. To this end, people hold a rally, which is called "catching up with autumn" and are very excited to celebrate the annual festival of Miao families, which will not only make the crops abundant. On this day, Miao people dressed in festive costumes, men and women, old and young, some danced dragons, some played with lions, some played with gold ingots and steel forks, some played trumpets, suona, teams, gongs and drums, fluttered colorful flags and poured into Akita from all directions. On the hills of Pingba and Akita, dragonflies and lions jump, swords and forks fly, folk literature and art, swings fly around, Miao songs echo, crowds crowd around, and smiling faces bloom. In an instant, Akita turned into a sea of joy.
Sander falls
Falling of flowing yarn
Germany Airlines will walk 3 miles to the right along the riverside path and reach the quicksand waterfall, which is 2 16 meters high. It is said that the height difference ranks first in the country. Such as white practice volley, such as silver gauze hanging on the wall. Most of the time, waterfalls fly down from cliffs with a very high drop. When the water reached the bottom, it dispersed into quicksand. Visitors can walk along the mountain roads on both sides and under the waterfalls. Light water floated down like mist, and it felt like entering water curtain cave, drizzling and soaking in the heart and spleen. Because the wind is strong in the canyon and the water flows around, the word "flowing yarn" can just describe its characteristics.
There is Swallow Gorge Waterfall Group near Liusha Waterfall, which is located at the end of Dehang River. It consists of 10 waterfalls with a drop of about 200 meters. During the rainy season, the waterfalls are connected into one piece, about 300 meters wide, and the scene is very spectacular. [5]
Aizhai highway wonders
Aizhai Bridge (4 pieces)
Aizhai Wonders Tourist Area is located in the northwest of Jishou City, Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, on the edge of Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou, with the geographical coordinates of10930'-1004' east longitude and 28 08'-28 29' north latitude. Located on the golden tourist route from Zhangjiajie to Fenghuang Ancient City, Changji Expressway, Jicha Expressway, Ji 'en Expressway, Jihuai Expressway, G3 19, G209 National Highway and S229 Provincial Highway pass through the border, 70km away from Guizhou Tongren Airport and 50km away from Zhangjiajie Airport 150, and Liu Zhi Railway passes through the border.
"A century-old wonder of roads and bridges, a thousand-year-old Miao village customs and a thousand-year-old canyon scenery" are the distinctive features of Aizhai Scenic Area, and its leisure tourism brand has been well-known throughout the country. The Tianqiao (the first bridge in the world-Aizhai Bridge), Tianlu (the wonder of Aizhai Highway), Tianpu (the largest quicksand waterfall in China), Tiantai (the rooftop landscape) and Gutian (the seven grand canyons) in the scenic spot can be called "wonders of heaven and earth". [6]
Xiangchuan Highway (National Highway 3 19) was the life road for the Chinese nation to save the nation from national subjugation and survive in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period. Aizhaipo section of Xiangchuan Highway is the steepest section of the highway, with a vertical height of 440 meters, horizontal travel less than 100 meters, 6 kilometers 13 big bends, a figure-of-eight bend and an overpass, which constitutes a magnificent world-class highway wonder. Standing on the monument to the dead employees of Xiangchuan Highway by the roadside, the inscriptions inscribed by those figures of the Republic of China have become legends; Pioneer sculpture has become the spiritual totem of Jishou.
Guyun Jishou
World Road and Bridge Miracle/kloc-In the past 0/00 years, two engineering miracles have been created here in the history of road and bridge, namely, the "Aizhaipo Highway Miracle" completed by 1936 and the "No.1 suspension bridge in the world" that will soon be opened to traffic across Aizhai Grand Canyon.
"The best traffic police in history" Aizhai traffic police are moving China; In the future, this legendary expressway will become a paradise for extreme sports lovers, and will surely write new legends. [7]
Qianzhou ancient town
Ganzhou city, also known as Gancheng, was a scenic fortress in ancient times. It is located on the Wanrong River in Jishou City, the capital of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province. National Highway 209 and Liu Zhi Railway run through the north and south. It is a traditional material distribution center in the border area of Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou. Shicheng wall twists and turns1980m, about two kilometers. There are three gates in this city: Sunward Gate, Hong Wen Gate and Yihua Gate. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, a border town of nearly 200 kilometers was built here to stop the rebellion of Miao people, and the center of this town became the base camp of the ruler's "Miao defense".
Historical investigation
The ancient city of Ganzhou has a history of civilization for thousands of years. Ganzhou is surrounded by mountains, with a basin in the middle. Tianxing River and Wanrong River pass through the territory, forming a landscape of three places, just like a drought. The middle of the two rivers was called Ganzhou in ancient times, because it was called Ganzhou. The surrounding mountains are like nine turtles looking for their mothers, and everything is thriving. According to the laws of ancient geography, this is an ideal place to build a city and build a city.
During the Five Emperors period, there were human activities here, which were called aborigines in history. During the Shang Dynasty, the Gelao people lived here, then moved to the southwest, then came the forest people, and then came the Miao people. Ganzhou is an important commercial port in Qin and Han dynasties and one of the four ancient cities in western Hunan. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, "Wuxi barbarians" refused to accept the jurisdiction of the imperial court, and the imperial court often sent troops to suppress them. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the imperial court built large-scale side walls, barracks, blockhouses and blocked barbarians in the areas of western Hunan and southeastern Sichuan. The ancient city of Ganzhou has Magpie Camp in the north and Zheng 'an City in the south. It is an important military command center on the Nanchang Yugoslav defense line, echoing Tongren, Zhenyuan and other ancient cities, and it is a key pass of the imperial border.
Shiligu steet
Qin and Han Dynasties was an important commercial port wharf, where the post stations and post roads from south to north met, and the water traffic was developed, which was a relatively developed place at that time. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it gradually became the political, economic, military and cultural center of Miao border areas. Generations are the first of the four ancient towns in western Hunan (Ganzhou, Pushi, Liye and Tea Cave). As early as in Shen Congwen's book Xiangxi, the ancient city of Ganzhou was described as follows: "Although the place is small, the little stone town is clean and tidy, and there are famous people with surnames in the history of nearly 30 years ..." He said that the ancient city of Ganzhou is an ancient, mysterious and prosperous place.
The ancient city of Ganzhou is outstanding. In this ancient and mysterious land, Wu He, a Miao intellectual who devoted himself to the education in his hometown during the Zhengde period of Ming Dynasty, was nurtured. Wu August, leader of Qinggan Uprising; During the Guangxu period, Yang, governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, recruited soldiers in his hometown to resist the French army in Fujian and Taiwan, regardless of age; Luo Rongguang, the Tianjin company commander who led troops to fight against Eight-Nation Alliance and defend Dagukou and died in the line of duty; During the Republic of China, the army of the Republic of China helped General Fu and Shi Qigui, a Miao scholar who was enthusiastic about Miao education and devoted himself to studying Miao issues. Zhang Yizun, one of the four outstanding contemporary horse painters in China, is the quintessence of Chinese culture.
The picturesque Hujiatang
Hujiatang, according to legend, existed in the Tang Dynasty, and was later named Hujiatang because Hu's timber merchant was the owner of the pond. She is one of the unique scenic spots in the ancient city, covering an area of more than 2,900 square meters. A curved "Qingfeng Bridge" divides the pond into a big pond and a small pond. There is an ancient well named "An Lan Well" in the small pond, which is bottomless, the source of pond water and a treasure trove of geomantic omen. Dozens of families living around the pond have unique ancient buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which have trained many talents, such as epigraphy painters Yang, Lu Jungao, Gao Xunyi and famous philosopher Zhou Liquan.
Hujiatang is permeated with the tranquility of the "small bridge and flowing water family" in Jiangnan water town. Especially the lotus covered in mud but not touching it, just like a holy and shy fairy, dancing with the green and wide lotus leaves in the breeze. The glittering and translucent jade beads sparkle in the cavities of leaves, really like a fairy throwing pearls and jade, and the world is like a fairyland. In the dead of night, frogs are singing, crickets are singing, and fireflies light up their thoughts ... The lotus pond has become a good place for traveling, walking, fishing, swimming and enjoying the lotus. It is also the place where the Lotus Festival is held on June 24th of the lunar calendar every year.
The unparalleled "Three Doors" in Ganzhou
The south gate of the ancient city of Qingshi in Ganzhou is a moon city, which has become a masterpiece in the history of ancient urban architecture in China.
In the whole Moon City of China, there are two towers and two opposite doors. There are three towers, three gates, a main building in the middle and two ear towers on both sides in the ancient city of Weiganzhou, which are arranged in a zigzag pattern. The height and spacing between the main building and the ear building are perfect, which is the "three doors open" in Ganzhou, which has been famous for hundreds of years.
The ancient city of Ganzhou is a long and narrow comb-shaped, with a "comb-toothed long side" wall along the Wanrong River. There is a river street that stretches for miles outside the city. On the side of the river street near Wanrong River, there are rows of stilts bent on the blue rock wall of the river bank, and the inner side of the river street is the city wall. "Sanmenkai" is located in the middle of the south city wall. Ganzhou market town formed along the river is long and narrow, extending vertically into the market town from Hejie Street, with the deepest part less than 300 meters. Ganzhou Tingfu is located in the center of the market town, facing Wanrong River, less than 100 meters away from Wanrong River. When building the South Gate, it is extremely important to consider the safety of Ting Wei.
In the era of ancient cold weapons, the main purpose of the builder was to build a military barrier with city walls and moats to guard against enemy invasion. The south gate of the ancient city of Ganzhou needs to be built on the Wanrong River, surrounded by steep bluestone walls. The construction of the south gate not only meets the military needs, but also facilitates residents to take water and wash in the river, so as to maintain the prosperity of the river street and the smooth flow of people and goods into the city.
"Three Doors" Her outer wall is like a towering stone wall beside the water. There is no road under the wall and it is close to the river. Wanrong River is a natural military barrier to protect the city. The enemy can't Enemy at the Gates, can only be daunting. The main tower across the city is about16m high, and the two ear towers are about10m high. The walls are all made of square blue stones, and the walls are bonded with glutinous rice flour paste mixed with lime. Joint mortar is as dense as a line. The main building is a brick-wood structure, with two floors. There are colored gourd porcelain vases at the top of the roof, and the cornices are upturned and copper bells are hung. On the inside, there is a porch window, and the other three sides are made of special giant bricks. There are two rows of surface eyes, which rise horizontally. The width inside is more than 50 cm, and there is a long gap outside. Garrison can be stationed on both floors. There are small doors on both sides of the first floor to facilitate patrol in and out of the city.
Ear cities on both sides are on the first floor, decorated like the main building, and can be stationed. There is a row of barracks between Yuecheng and Ercheng, which is used by the army. Each of the three towers has two gates, made of hard miscellaneous wood and 20 cm thick. The gate is covered with iron sheet and riveted with numerous huge round-tailed nails to prevent bullets, knives and fires. A door weighs about 1000 kilograms, and it takes two or three mature soldiers to work together to start it. The three towers of Yuecheng are connected into a whole, with corridors connected and doors separated. This layout is easy to defend but difficult to attack, and it is rock solid. As long as we close the strong gates of Er 'er City, we can cut off the river street and keep the future enemies out of the city. It is also beneficial for us to attack the city gate properly. On weekdays, the city gate is open, which does not prevent residents from taking water and washing in the river. The whole river street is still a line, unimpeded. It keeps the commercial prosperity of River Street, which is very convenient for people and goods to enter the city.
"Sanmenkai" is a bright pearl embedded in the ancient city of Ganzhou, and it is one of the most dazzling highlights in the ancient buildings of Ganzhou.
Yangyuebin former residence
Yang's former residence is located in the ancient city of Ganzhou. It was built by Governor Shaanxi but Gansu, Prince Taibao and Yang, a famous soldier who recovered Taiwan Province Province during Guangxu period. Sitting facing south, it covers an area of 1 1,000 square meters, with a brick and wood courtyard with three bedrooms and five entrances. The residence is deep, and there is a courtyard in the courtyard. It is a model of unified architectural pattern of Ganzhou ancient city, which is well preserved. Protection scope: East, north and west images of the former site of Ercheng, each extending 10 meter outside the courtyard wall, with the street as the boundary in the south.
Ganzhou City God Temple and Kannonji
Located behind the old cinema in the ancient city of Ganzhou, Ganzhou City God Temple was built in the 11th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1672). Qianlong was destroyed by war in 60 years, and rebuilt twice in Jiaqing 6 years and Daoguang 10 years. There are inscriptions to prove that this temple covers an area of about 700 square meters with a building area of 378 square meters. Located in the Chenghuang Temple in Ganzhou, facing south, the mountain is hard, with bucket beam brick and wood structure.
Tianxin nunnery
Tianxin Temple is located in the northwest suburb of Ganzhou. Built in Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty, it has a history of nearly one hundred years. Its temples are surrounded by mountains and rivers, and the scenery is pleasant. There are clear springs in the temple, wind tunnels in the mountains and ancient pavilions outside the caves. It has always been a place for literati to visit and chant, so it is one of the famous local attractions and ancient temples. In addition, Buddha fish spread the sound of mountains and rivers, and incense has always been unique. However, after many vicissitudes of life, due to disrepair, it has not returned. The country is rich and strong, and the local people care about historical sites, so they invited believers to raise funds to rebuild Buddhism in the autumn of Shen Ren for the benefit of future generations. In the TV series Father's War, Miss Tian Ying's nun was filmed here.
Luorongguang former residence
Luo Rongguang was born in the 13th year of Daoguang in Qing Dynasty (1833), a native of Yaxi Village, Gancheng County (now Jishou). Luo Rongguang has been the commander-in-chief of Dagukou Fort, the gateway to Beijing and Tianjin in Tianjin, for 24 years, and is known as "the first coastal defense in the world". In the 26th year of Guangxu reign (1900), Eight-Nation Alliance invaded China. Because of the corruption and incompetence of the Qing government, most government troops were vulnerable. Luo Rongguang, however, led 3000 soldiers at the age of 67 and took the lead in defending Dagukou Fort to the death. Later, due to the disparity in strength, he fought bravely for his country, safeguarded the lofty integrity of the Chinese nation, and wrote a song of justice! According to historical records, Luo Rongguang lived a simple life. "When you see extravagant people, you should condemn them." "Your position has gradually become obvious. If you are a veteran, you will be frugal." [8]
Goddess of Mercy Pavilion
Guanyin Pavilion is located in the east of Ganzhou City, Jishou City, on the east bank of Wanrong River. It is more than 20 meters high and has a diameter of 10 meter. It is a three-story wooden building. The bottom is paved with bluish gray drum stones, and the top is paved with gray tiles. The attic has four corners, with bird carvings standing on the corners and wind chimes hanging under the corners. Whenever the wind blows, the bell is rumored. The attic is beautifully built, and each floor is inlaid with antique flower windows, which are exquisite and chic. Guanyin Pavilion was built in Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in Qing Dynasty. According to "Records of Ganzhou Guild Hall" (Guangxu Edition), "Guanyin Pavilion is near the river to the east of the Guild Hall. In the sixteenth year of Daoguang, Yang Zhenyuan was rebuilt, adding three wings, one wing and one gatehouse. " The attic structure and decorative style show the architectural artistic style of China in Qing Dynasty. [9]
Huang Yongyu Museum
Huang Yongyu Museum is located in the stormy lake of Jishou University. The museum combines the characteristics of Xiangxi folk houses and modern architectural techniques, with gray as the main color and a large number of wooden structures, which are simple and elegant. Huang Yongyu Museum, with a building area of over 4,000 square meters, is divided into five exhibition halls, displaying nearly 200 works and collections of Huang Yongyu. As soon as you enter the preface hall of the museum, you can enjoy one of Huang Yongyu's representative works-the large bronze sculpture Shan Gui. [ 10]
Xiangxi autonomous prefecture museum
Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture Museum is located in the scenic Furong Gang Park in Jishou City, which is 1.5km away from the city center. Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Museum (China National Museum Xiangxi Branch, Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture Intangible Cultural Heritage Museum) was established in 1957 1 1, which is the only one in Hunan Province.
Several national third-class museums at the regional level are the first national unity and progress education base named by the State Ethnic Affairs Commission and belong to regional tourist spots. The building is designed and built according to the traditional architectural style of China, including Xiangxi Folk Museum, Xiangxi Victory Memorial Hall and Xiangxi Victory Monument. There are more than 6,543,800 cultural relics in the collection, especially a large number of Tujia and Miao folk cultural relics. Many ethnic and folk cultural relics are unique in the whole province, and some are even rare in the whole country. These precious cultural relics are the true witness and portrayal of the development history of Xiangxi civilization.