Gulliver's Travels
About the author:
Swift: British satirist, political critic and radical democrat during the Enlightenment. He was born in poverty, lost his father in his early years, and finished college with financial aid. He worked as a private secretary, a country priest and a church director. The representative satirical novels Gulliver's Travels and the fable The Story of a Wooden Bucket expose the shortcomings of English society by exaggeration, contrast and irony, satirize the hypocrisy and shamelessness of the church, and attack the corruption and ugliness of the British ruling class.
Main idea of the work:
Gulliver's bizarre experiences in fictional countries such as lilliputian country, adult country, bird island, witch island and smart horse country reflect the contradictions of British capitalist society in the18th century, expose and criticize Britain's corrupt political system, colonial policy of external expansion and internal oppression, and praise the working people's spirit of resistance and just struggle.
Creative features:
The works are rich in imagination, unique in conception, realistic in details, concise and powerful in language and full of fairy tales. This is one of the best satirical novels in the history of English literature.
Typical image:
Mel Gulliver was an English surgeon and later promoted to captain. He is well educated, proud of his motherland, and seems to know a lot about his career and politics. But he is a mediocre person in essence, and Weaver just takes advantage of this limitation of the protagonist to achieve full irony effect.
robinson crusoe
About the author:
Defoe: English novelist. He had a rough life and was arrested many times. Many novels and political articles he wrote advocated the development of capitalist industry and commerce, the expansion of colonies, and the opposition to feudal autocracy and hierarchy, which reflected the interests and demands of the emerging bourgeoisie. Robinson Crusoe, the representative work, is an excellent work in the early stage of realism and is called "the father of English and European novels".
Main idea of the work:
When he was young, Robinson was uneasy about the mediocre and comfortable life and fled his hometown privately to go into business. By pirates, captured by moors. Later he fled to Brazil and became a planter. In order to supplement the labor force, he went to Africa to sell black people. He was shipwrecked and drifted to an isolated island. In the harsh environment of living alone, he quickly overcame his pessimistic and negative attitude, moved some useful things from the sunken ship, obtained food in various ways, built houses, made utensils, domesticated wild sheep and reclaimed land. He overcame nature, changed the environment and accumulated wealth with pioneering enthusiasm and tenacious labor. It was not until twenty-four years ago that he accidentally rescued a savage who was about to be killed from the "savage" who held a feast of human flesh on the island, and trained him into a loyal slave named "Friday" with muskets and Christianity. Finally, Robinson became the territorial owner, ruler and legislator of the island.
Creative features:
The works praise the enterprising spirit of the bourgeoisie in the rising stage of capitalism, show their intelligence, enthusiasm for work and perseverance in overcoming difficulties, and at the same time try their best to beautify colonial plunder. But it is still of positive significance to praise labor and people's description of natural struggle. The work takes the middle and lower class characters as the positive protagonists, and unfolds the story in the form of "memoirs" in the first person, which is really touching and gives readers an immersive feeling.
Typical image:
Robinson: Born in a middle-class family, he is a typical bourgeois and colonialist. He is the first positive typical image of the bourgeoisie in the history of world literature, and he summarizes the indomitable, adventurous and progressive spirit of the new generation of bourgeoisie.
childhood
About the author:
Gorky: a writer of the former Soviet Union. I used to be an apprentice, a waiter, a docker and a baker. After work, I studied hard and taught myself. I wandered twice and suffered the pain of the people at the bottom. His representative works include novel autobiographical trilogy Childhood, On Earth, My University and Mother, etc. As well as the script "Little Citizen" and prose poems "Eagle Song" and "Haiyan".
Main idea of the work:
Aletha (Gorky's real name) went to grandpa with his mother. His grandfather's family business declined, and he became stingy, greedy, bossy and cruel. He often beat and scolded his family and did many ugly things. Finally, his grandfather asked me to make a living in the "human world". The story vividly reproduces the living conditions of the Russian lower classes in the 1970s and 1980s from 65438 to 2009. In his grandfather's house full of cruelty and hatred, young Aletha realized the pain and ugliness of the world prematurely.
Creative features:
As an autobiographical novel, those "heavy memories" are serious and profound when the author narrates. But to describe it with a child's eyes casts a layer of innocence over the tragic scene.
Typical image:
Aletha: Growing up in misery, he is honest, kind, brave, strong and full of love.
Grandma: Kind, intelligent, capable, loving life and patient with everyone. Have a broad heart like a saint.
How the Steel Was Tempered
About the author:
Ostrovsky: A writer of the former Soviet Union. 1933, after being paralyzed and blind, he overcame all kinds of difficulties with amazing perseverance and wrote the novel "How Steel was Tempered" on his deathbed.
Main idea of the work:
Based on the author's experience, this paper describes the process that Pavel Colta King, the protagonist, grew from the son of an ordinary worker to a proletarian revolutionary hero, showing the broad social picture of Russia from the First World War, the October Revolution and the Civil War to the period of economic recovery, and praising the spirit of Soviet youth's tenacious struggle to defend the revolutionary regime and restore the national economy. Pavel Colta King's struggle with foreign occupation forces and white bandits, as well as his struggle with various difficulties after being wounded, paralyzed and blind by bullets, fully embodies the noble quality of the lofty ideal of the new generation of * * * productism.
Creative features:
Its structure is compact and natural, and its characters are vivid and touching. It is one of the most outstanding literary works in Soviet revolutionary literature, and is praised as its "life program" by young readers at home and abroad.
Typical image:
Pavel Colta King: Born in a poor railway worker's family, he worked as an apprentice and a worker. He was insulted by the priest and oppressed by the boss since he was a child. He joined the revolution at the age of thirteen and soon joined the Red Army and the Youth League. Inspired by Bolshevik party member Zhu, he took an active part in revolutionary activities. During the underground revolution and the civil war, he was wounded by bullets, struggled with strong winds, snowstorms, severe cold and hunger, and insisted on participating in the construction of narrow-gauge railways. Later, he was disabled, paralyzed and blind due to illness, and engaged in literary creation with amazing perseverance, continuing to struggle for human liberation. He struggled for the cause of capitalism all his life and summarized the mental outlook of Soviet youth in the early 1930s.
Rickshaw Boy
About the author:
Lao She: Formerly known as Shu Qingchun, he is a modern novelist, dramatist and people's artist. Representative works include the novel Camel Xiangzi, Four Generations under One roof, A Story of Cat City, Divorce, a short story, A Crescent Moon, a dramatic script, Longxugou and Teahouse. His works have more realistic content and positive significance, and are good at shaping extremely vivid characters and revealing profound social significance in "ordinary". He can master the language skillfully and use Beijing dialect accurately, forming a popular and humorous creative style.
Main idea of the work:
Born in poverty, Xiangzi "lost his parents and a few acres of barren land" and came to Beiping to pull rickshaws at the age of eighteen. In order not to be angry with the owner of the car dealership and to be an independent worker, I once decided to buy a car by virtue of my youth. Three years later, I finally got a prototype with sweat and sweat, but it was quickly taken away by Ralph's mutinous soldiers. He is determined to start from scratch. Save money by "monthly car". Unexpectedly, Bao Yue's master once again escaped from the spy. The only savings were cheated by the detective again. Finally, I had to use my wife Tigress's savings to buy a prototype car, but Tigress died soon and had to sell it to deal with the funeral. In addition, Joy, who he really loved, hanged himself, so that he finally lost his positive attitude towards life and went to depression.
Creative features:
This tragedy is an angry accusation against the dark society and a denial of relying on personal struggle to change the road of destiny. The language is concise and powerful, full of rich flavor of life and distinctive local color, and it is an excellent realistic novel.
Typical image:
Xiangzi: A typical self-employed person in the city who has been insulted and hurt. Hard-working, simple, kind, honest, not only has the camel-like humiliation and burden-bearing character, but also has the spirit of not looking back, perseverance and courage until the end of the road. The narrow vision of a small producer determines his narrow life ideal and personal struggle life path of "having his own car". The dark society where warlords scuffle and spies run rampant cruelly destroyed his ideal of life, so he changed from ambitious to self-indulgent and unhappy. This image accuses the unreasonable society and denies the road of individual struggle.
Morning flowers and evening flowers
About the author: Lu Xun: a modern writer. His representative works include the collection of novels "Scream", "Wandering" and "New Story".
Main idea: This book is a collection of memoirs and essays written by Lu Xun 1926. Ten reminiscence essays show the reminiscence of hometown and old friends. The theme is rich, as the author said in the preface: "There are flowers and flowers. Color and smell are much better, but I can't. Even if it's all weird and jumbled in my mind now, I can't turn it into a weird and jumbled article at once, otherwise he will blink in front of me when he looks up at the clouds. " These works completely recorded Lu Xun's life track and experience from childhood to youth, vividly described the life picture of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and were important artistic documents for studying Lu Xun's early thoughts and life and even the society at that time.
Creative Features: These ten essays are profound and meaningful, and they are the classics of China's modern prose.
And stars.
About the author: Bing Xin, formerly known as Xie Wanying. Modern famous female writer and poet. His main works include poetry collection Stars, Springs, short stories collection Superman, and essays collection Little Orange Lamp for young readers.
Main idea of the work:
Take the philosophy of love as the main line, praise maternal love, innocence and nature, and express the poet's sincere and warm feelings and enlightening philosophical thoughts through vivid and unique images and short poems with "Bing Xin Ti", which integrates sensibility and knowledge.
Attachment: a set of examination materials for famous works, which I hope will be useful to the landlord. Print it out and review it! Senior high school entrance examination questions
1. You have read some extracurricular classics. Please fill in the blanks according to the prompts. (Anhui Curriculum Reform Area)
(1) Water Margin tells the story of a hero _ _ _ _ _ _ "making a scene in the wild boar forest".
(2) The Journey to the West mainly tells the story of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
The author of Robinson Crusoe is a British writer _ _ _ _ _.
2. A publishing house wants to publish a series of "Chinese and foreign masterpieces loved by middle school students". Please select one of the following articles and recommend it to the publishing house, and write down the reasons for recommendation. (Haidian District, Beijing)
"Back" Journey to the West's "From White Grass Garden to San Tan Yin Yue"
Love Life tom sawyer's adventure novel Death in Normandy.
3. Fill in the blanks by reading famous books. (Choose three questions, and if you answer all four questions, score according to the first three questions) (6 points) (Dalian)
(1) Song Jiang is drinking on the balcony of Xunyang Building, and tears are streaming down his face. He was shocked by the wind and felt sad. He wrote "Xijiang Moon" and wrote four poems. The last two poems are "When he is at home, Ling Yunzhi, _ _ _ _ _ _!"
2 When, Jane? Love must be promised to Saint Cousin. When John proposed, he seemed to hear a voice calling-"_ _ _ _!" Where is Jane? Love flew to the door, rushed into the garden and broke free from St. John. She realized that she should be in the dominant position.
Xiangzi has always wanted to own a car of his own since his car was robbed by soldiers. While Xiangzi was waiting in the teahouse for Mr. Cao who was watching the movie at night, he met _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; Their misery broke Xiangzi's greatest hope.
(4) The Education of Love describes an event that happened in gymnastics class on April 5th. The students gave Nelly sincere praise on the grounds that (no more than 20 words) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _:
4. Answer the following questions according to the prompts. (2 points) (Dongying City)
(1) Which work is the two-part allegorical saying "Zhou Yu Huang Gai-one willing to fight and one willing to suffer" derived from?
(2) In Water Margin, which character is "Zhi Duo Xing"?
5. Answer the questions according to your knowledge of famous literary works (the first question (1) must be done, and the second questions (2) and (3) should be selected). (Enshi)
(1) Aesop's fables are world classics. Please write the names of two fables:
《 》《 》
(2) Shakespeare is known as "Zeus on Mount Olympia in human literature". We have read his comedy The Merchant of Venice. Have you read his four tragedies? Please name any two of them:
《 》《 》
(3) China's classic literary work Romance of the Three Kingdoms describes the story that three weak armies in Guandu, Chibi and Yiling defeated a strong army. Please choose one of the stories and write it down in one sentence.
6. read famous books. (6 points) (Fuzhou Curriculum Reform Area)
(1) Please fill in the relevant information on the horizontal line below. (Fill in four places correctly) (4 points)
A "Water Margin" has created many heroic images that will last forever, and lit up many evil stars shining in the sky. It is said that Song Wu, the 14th hero of Liangshan, took revenge for his brother, Pan Jinlian; On the way to Mengzhou, I met the dragon in the hotel. Drunk Jiang Menshen, take the fall for (Jin Yanbiao); Flying clouds make a scene, and blood splashes on the mandarin duck building. In order to avoid the arrest of the government, he cut his hair and dressed up as _; Walking in the centipede ridge at night, killing the Taoist king painfully ... exactly: "Tigers in the mountains fly at sight; The strongman under the forest was stunned. "
Do you like Song Wu? Why? (2 points)
7. In Chinese class, the activity of "Approaching Famous Books" is carried out, which requires students to read Four Great Classical Novels and other classics independently.
Please summarize in one sentence a story in one of the books you read independently (which did not appear in the junior middle school Chinese textbook). (3 points) (Heyuan, Guangdong)
8. The class is going to carry out a comprehensive learning activity called "Talking about Heroes". Please read the reference material "Touching China's 2004 Award-winning Speech" (excerpt) and make preparations according to the following requirements. (6 points) (Guangdong Curriculum Reform Area)
Touched by China's acceptance speech in 2004 (excerpt)
Ren Changxia-She is the heroine of the Central Plains. Sweep away evil and violence, she is selfless; Be caring and attentive, help the poor, her heart is full of changes. Ten-mile long street, glistening is better than snow, holding clouds, which is a monument flowing in people's hearts!
The reason why a weak woman can win the love of the people is because she has the most sincere respect for the people in her heart.
(1), please recommend a hero who moved you from the literary classics you have read. (2 points)
Name of personnel: job name:
(2) Write a short sentence and introduce this hero who moved you to your classmates. It is required to be as concise and fluent as the "award speech", which can not only summarize its main deeds, but also reflect the character. (4 points)
9. Which work does the plot of the novel provided below come from? Choose two of them and fill in the form as required. (Guangzhou)
(1) ruda punch town kansai.
(2) Liu Bei visited the cottage.
(3) Lonely Warrior Despair Island encounters "Friday"
The title of serial novels imitates the expression of the provided plot and simply writes another plot of the book.
10, extracurricular reading test (Guilin)
(1) The following is the motto written by Pu Songling, a writer in the Qing Dynasty:
Where there is a will, there is a way. If you burn your bridges, you will end up in Chu.
Hard-working people are rewarded by heaven, and they have tasted courage. More than 3,000 armour can swallow Wu.
Can you point out who is the hero of the allusion in the couplet? (2 points)
The first part of the second part:
(2) The major event that happened in Huangnigang in Water Margin was _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
1 1. A class will hold a reading exchange meeting on famous books, requiring each student to choose a designated book and prepare materials around the following topic. If you are a student in this class, please write down your speech below. (not less than 40 words) (3 points)
Bibliography: The Water Margin, The Journey to the West's Camel Xiangzi, Childhood and How Steel was Tempered.
Subject: ⑴ One of my favorite characters ⑴ One of my most familiar stories (Haimen City)
12, please write the corresponding content on the horizontal line below according to the famous books recommended by the curriculum standard. (Hebei province curriculum reform area)
Reading (the name of a famous book), I learned (content):
13, fill in the blanks according to the classics recommended by the syllabus. (2 points) (Henan Province)
The masterpiece is beautiful. The beauty of "Stars in Spring" lies in its praise of maternal love and childlike innocence; The beauty of this book lies in its _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; The beauty of Lu Zhi lies in his fearless character. The beauty of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is that he _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
14. Please choose one of the four scenarios provided below and fill in the form as required. (Yueyang, Hunan)
(1) Visit the thatched cottage; (2) Daiyu buried flowers; (3) Wu Song kills tigers; (4) make a scene in heaven.
Which book does the serial number come from? The author briefly describes another plot in the book (no more than 15 words).
15. When I was studying in The Journey to the West, the students in Class 6, Grade 3 of a school had two different views on the character Zhu Bajie, so the Chinese teacher organized a debate. If yes, what should you say about your opponent's defense? (Huanggang Curriculum Reform Area)
Counterparty: We think Pig Bajie is lazy and short-sighted. On the way to learn from the scriptures, my will is not firm, and I am clamoring for dismissal when I encounter difficulties. But also often gossips, cleverness, lies, love to take advantage of petty advantages, lust for women. Is a greedy and selfish person.
Used for:
16 in fact, masterpieces are good teaching materials to guide our lives. Choose one of the famous books listed below or other famous books you have read, and simply write down the advantages of this "teaching material". (6 points) (Jilin Province)
① Romance of the Three Kingdoms ② Water Margin ③ Journey to the West.
(4) Robinson Crusoe (5) How Steel was Tempered (6) Gulliver's Travels.
17, Mencius, a saint in China, said: "It is a great responsibility for Sri Lankan people to work hard on their thoughts and bones first …", which is deeply reflected in the three protagonists in Who's Who. Please take one of them as an example to talk about how he embodied this sentence in his actions. (It is required to write human lives and specific cases, not less than 30 words) (Langfang, Hebei)
18, read classics after class. (4 points) (Leshan City)
How steel was tempered is one of the classic works recommended by textbooks to middle school students. This novel was written by Nikolai ostrovsky, a writer of the former Soviet Union, on his deathbed, for three years. After its publication, it has had a great influence on generations of young people all over the world. We believe that you must have read this novel and like the characters and stories in it. Please answer the following questions:
(1) How is steel tempered? The hero is _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(2) The hero gradually embarked on the revolutionary road under the influence of _ _ _ _ _ _ _. In the melting pot of revolution, he was trained from a worker's son to a proletarian soldier.
③ He embodies the best spiritual quality of that era: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
This novel answers a young man's most urgent question. The question is: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _?
19. Choose one of the following characters from Journey to the West and write a brief introduction of nearly 200 words. (5 points) (Putian, Fujian)
The Monkey King Zhu Bajie Bai Gujing Hong Haier
Gorky said: "Books are the ladder of human progress." Have you read many famous Chinese and foreign books in junior high school? Now, please choose one of Camel Xiangzi and Gulliver's Travels, talk about the deepest feeling of reading this novel, and briefly introduce a plot that impressed you the most. (4 points) (Shaanxi Province)
Masterpiece: ""
① Feeling: (2 points)
② Plot: (2 points)
2 1. Read the following article and answer the questions. (4 points) (Sichuan Province)
"The most precious thing is life. Life is only once for us. A man's life should be spent like this: when he looks back on the past, he will not regret wasting his time, nor will he be ashamed of doing nothing-in this way, when he dies, he can say,' My life and all my energy have been devoted to the most magnificent cause in the world-fighting for the liberation of mankind.' "
(1) This exciting passage is regarded as the motto by thousands of young people in Qian Qian. It comes from the Soviet novel ""and is the hero's interpretation of life.
⑵ A school literature club decided to hold a series of activities of "reading famous books and talking about feelings". One of its activities is to hold a small seminar called "The Value of Life" around the famous sayings of the protagonists in the above novels. Please draft an opening statement for the host. (not less than 40 words)
22. Please write a paragraph to introduce Paul according to the following format. It is required to use at least one idiom in combination with other plots in famous works. (4 points)
Paul is a man.
23. read famous books. (5 points)
(1) * * * There are 10 reminiscence essays in the morning flowers, among which "From Baicaoyuan to San Tan Yin Yue" and ""were selected as the text. Please write the title of another article. (2 points)
(2) "Gods and demons have human feelings, and they are refined and sophisticated." (Lu Xun's language) Many spirits, ghosts and gods portrayed by The Journey to the West are all human. Please refer to the example and give another example to illustrate this feature in detail. (3 points)
Example: Princess Tiefan, because of her enmity with the Monkey King, not only didn't want to borrow a fan, but also wanted to harm Wukong, which showed that she attached importance to her family and was narrow-minded.