abstract:
In order to realize the functions and functions of college student associations in improving students' comprehensive quality and exercise ability, it is necessary to strengthen the management and guidance of student associations. Through institutionalized management, fund allocation, cultivating students' backbone and establishing service system, etc. Only in this way can we improve the quality of the work and activities of associations, promote the benign development of student associations in colleges and universities, and make them an important force full of vitality and vitality in the construction of campus culture in colleges and universities.
Keywords: comprehensive quality and ability of management guidance of student associations
College student associations have played a great role in improving students' comprehensive quality and exercise ability. As a new growing point in the field of college students' work and an important new force in the construction of campus culture, college students' associations have been highly valued by the party and government leaders of the school, and the associations themselves have also developed by leaps and bounds: the number and types of associations have been increasing, the scale has been expanding, and the quality of activities and the influence inside and outside the school have been continuously improved.
Starting from the close interaction between relevant functional departments of colleges and universities and student associations, we can divide student associations into three types:
One is laissez-faire. There is no management department and guidance department of student associations in colleges and universities. The establishment of student associations, the recruitment and management of members, and the development of work and activities are entirely up to the associations themselves. The school adopts a laissez-faire approach without any restrictions and regulations. In this case, the development of student associations requires high ability and quality of the leaders of the associations, and also provides a good opportunity for the backbone of the students to exercise. However, the laissez-faire development makes the association itself closely combined with the individual will of the person in charge, which is easy to make the construction of student associations deviate from the right direction. If the person in charge of the association lacks the necessary management knowledge and level, it is easy to cause confusion within the association, lead to the premature demise of the association, or have a bad influence on the external image of the association.
The second is the regulatory type. Colleges and universities strictly control student associations, with special departments or teachers in charge. The decision-making power of recruiting club personnel, making club plans and carrying out club activities is concentrated in the school management department. The way of regulation ensures the orderly development of associations and effectively avoids possible deviations. However, the way of controlling the community limits the creativity and flexibility of the community, makes the leaders of the student community become puppets, and at the same time makes the school administrators overwhelmed.
The third type is guided. On the one hand, colleges and universities provide space for the independent emergence and development of associations, which independently decide the way of existence, the content of activities and the direction of development, fully embodying self-management, self-education and self-service, and ensuring the vitality and vitality of student associations; On the other hand, colleges and universities have special management departments and guidance departments for the existence of student associations, which are responsible for the registration, management, guidance and assessment of student associations. Management and guidance are mainly reflected in the macro level to ensure the development direction of the association. This is the most important way for college students' associations to exist, and it is also a more scientific and rational way to treat them.
It is certain that the existence and development of student associations in colleges and universities will play an increasingly important role in enriching students' campus cultural life, cultivating students' healthy hobbies and improving their comprehensive quality and ability. The key to ensure the function of associations lies in the effective management and guidance of college student associations. In principle, it can be achieved through the following aspects:
First, institutionalized management. Colleges and universities should set up special management and guidance departments for student associations, and formulate corresponding rules and regulations according to the actual needs of the existence and development of student associations and the objective laws of the development of student associations, clearly stipulating the conditions for the establishment of student associations, registration procedures, requirements for carrying out work and activities, and assessment methods. Under the rules and regulations, college student associations have completely independent development space. It should be noted that the system is not equal to supervision. The purpose of formulating rules and regulations is to ensure the development direction of student associations, so that the construction and development of student associations in colleges and universities can be standardized, which is of great help to improve the quality of their work and activities. In addition, the rules and regulations formulated should be scientific and pay attention to the organic combination of responsibilities, rights and interests of student associations.
Second, fund allocation management. Judging from the current financing channels of student associations in colleges and universities, it can be solved mainly through the following three channels: 1. Administrative appropriation for the management and guidance department of school student associations; 2. Sponsoring social enterprises and businesses; 3. Membership fees paid by members of the Association. Due to the instability of sponsorship funds and low self-funded membership fees, the funding of student associations ultimately depends on school funding. The management and guidance department of the association can guide the operation of the association by effectively allocating funds. For example, non-profit organizations (Environmental Protection Association, Young Volunteers Association, Learning party constitution Group, Deng Xiaoping Theory Seminar, etc.). ), student scientific research societies (creative societies, college students' science and technology associations, etc.). ) and some propaganda organizations should give key support and protection in the form of administrative appropriations. In addition, according to the principle of "whoever benefits pays", the main part of the funds can be raised by the club members who participate in the training to improve their own quality and skills, such as photography skills training and oral English improvement training. However, the activities organized by mass organizations, which are aimed at college students and have great influence and good response effect, can be included in the overall category of campus culture construction and activities in colleges and universities, and their funds can be paid by administrative means. In addition, the establishment of the corresponding reward mechanism can reward the community activities that perform well and play a greater role in promoting the construction of campus culture in colleges and universities.
Three. Post-training management. Because of its own nature and characteristics, the operation of college student associations is usually closely related to the comprehensive quality, ability and management level of the leaders and main members of the associations. If the leaders and main backbone members of the association have high quality and strong ability, the development of the association will be good; if the leaders and main backbone members have low quality and poor ability, the association may be in a mess. Therefore, the department responsible for guiding and managing student associations must give priority to cultivating leaders and backbones of the associations. Make training plans and implement training actions. Through training, leaders and main backbones of student associations can correctly understand the development law of student associations in colleges and universities. In the concrete work of the construction and development of the association, we should learn to employ people, manage people and train people to make the association by going up one flight of stairs. College students' club management guidance department is responsible for the training of club cadres, and the trained club cadres are responsible for the management of the club. This not only embodies our guidance to student associations, but also embodies the principle of independent development of student associations.
Fourth, service-oriented management. One of the functions of the management guidance department of student associations in colleges and universities is to provide quality services for the construction and development of student associations. In the process of the construction and development of student associations in colleges and universities, there are many problems that the associations themselves cannot solve, especially those related to the development concept and external environment of the associations. Therefore, the management and guidance departments should actively explore the development model of college students' associations and provide theoretical guidance for the construction and development of associations; We should also actively, enthusiastically and seriously provide all kinds of help for the development of the association and solve all kinds of specific problems encountered in the existence and development of the association, including helping to provide venues, equipment and materials for the activities of the association as much as possible; Coordinate the relationship between associations, and organize communication and experience exchange between associations.
Only by effectively managing and guiding the student associations in colleges and universities can the construction and development of the student associations in colleges and universities be transformed from a comfortable state to a free state, the development direction of the associations can be guaranteed, the educational function and role of the associations can be brought into play, and the significance and value of the existence of the student associations in colleges and universities can be reflected.
College students' impetuous psychology
Impetuousness is interpreted in the dictionary as rashness and impatience. In psychology, impetuousness mainly refers to an anxious emotional state or personality trait caused by inner conflict. We generally understand it as a state of mind and behavior opposite to the meanings of "sureness" and "calmness". Jia Pingwa wrote a novel called Impetuousness. The article tells the personal struggle history of Jin Gou and others, and reveals the emotional and psychological situation of our nation at the beginning of the historical turning point of reform and opening up. Although impetuous psychology is inevitable in the era of change, it is a morbid psychology after all. This morbid psychology is more prominent among college students now.
First, the main manifestations of college students' impetuous psychology
One is opportunism in academic research, which is manifested in cheating in exams and copying from the east to the west in thesis writing. Its essence is the reflection of the social impetuous mentality of "exploiting policy loopholes to make a windfall" and "making a fortune by lottery" and the social speculative mentality of the school for nothing. The unhealthy trend bred by this impetuous spirit is indeed spreading. Some students have lost their initiative in learning, and truancy has become a common practice. I don't study hard at ordinary times, but I am vain and don't want to fall behind in the exam. Naturally, we should try our best to play tricks in the examination room. This atmosphere has seriously affected the learning atmosphere of university campus and greatly reduced the quality of education and teaching.
The second is to change the mentality in love. It is not surprising that college students fall in love. Generally, impetuous people don't want to have a definite object at all, but regard falling in love as a fun game, constantly changing the object of the game and looking for strange stimuli in the game to pass away their emptiness and boredom. On the other hand, if you can't find someone you approve of, you will ponder over the other person's figure, character and knowledge, and "the belt will gradually widen without regret", and the result can only be wishful lovelorn pain.
The third is quick success and instant benefit in social interaction. People with impetuous mentality are often snobs, and there is a tendency to mix people up, that is, they are always eager and trying to get to know people who are superior to themselves, but they ignore people who are worse than themselves, hoping to get benefits from the people they associate with. This kind of communication with obvious utilitarian nature is insincere. In addition, impetuous people want to get immediate benefits, often take part-time jobs to make money too seriously, and often delay too much study time for money. Some impetuous female college students simply started as "escort girls" or took a lot of money as secretaries, making full use of their own resources to obtain direct benefits and meet their various needs.
The fourth is the fanaticism and rashness in life. There are many fans among college students, fans, fans, fans. There are many fanatics and bold people among them. For example, when China football team reached the World Cup finals, on the one hand, it praised Milu's "magic", on the other hand, it dreamed that China would enter the 16 semi-finals. When the China team lost the first game, their mood plummeted, swearing and shouting that Milu should "finish class" at once. Although it is completely normal for young people to show enthusiasm or passion in some aspects, this excessive enthusiasm shows that these people are impetuous and immature. And some of them call themselves fanatics and football fans. Do they have enough in-depth understanding and sober understanding of the objects they admire and infatuate with? Someone must be arty and pretentious. They can only be bandwagon fan and bandwagon fan.
Fifth, vision is better than vision in job hunting. College students with impetuous mentality often want to go to big cities, large enterprises and large units to squeeze into high-income and high-status places when they graduate to apply for jobs. However, I am too ignorant to evaluate my weight correctly. As a result, I have been tossing for several months, but I have repeatedly hit a wall and returned in vain. Then it's hard to reflect on the reasons. I don't know if this is the inevitable result of my ambition, but my talent is sparse and my eyes are weak. I always thought it was because of my lack of talent and social injustice that I complained and was cynical.
Second, the main characteristics of college students' impetuous psychology
First, impulsiveness, that is, impulsiveness often shows the characteristics of mutation, strangeness, unconsciousness, calmness and impulsiveness in behavior. For example, sex between male and female college students is often reckless and responsible. It is often an instinctive impulse of one or both parties and a sudden behavior.
Second, emotions mainly refer to impetuous characteristics, unstable, changing with emotions, sometimes cold and sometimes hot. Some learn to treat group activities, sometimes they have a good attitude and can actively participate and show great enthusiasm, but sometimes they are indifferent to the same nature and show a very indifferent attitude. The same student shows such great changes in dealing with the same nature, which shows his emotional characteristics of impetuous mentality. Another example is that some college students sometimes fully affirm their teachers and listen carefully, and sometimes they show great disgust and emotional characteristics.
Third, blindness. Blindness refers to impetuousness, which means that there is a psychological state of losing goals and not knowing where to go. For example, when I was studying in college, I sometimes thought it was the most important to learn a foreign language well, sometimes I thought it was the most important to learn a foreign language well, sometimes I thought learning computer was more practical, and sometimes I thought my major was fundamental. There is always no clear orientation for the learning goal, which makes me have no focus and insufficient concentration in my study, which seriously affects the improvement of my level and ability. For another example, some people's hobbies in life are also blind. Sometimes they love singing and dancing, sometimes they love piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, and they love each other, but they don't know much about it. Impetuous people often have the characteristics of blindness in job hunting.
Fourth, paranoia paranoia refers to impetuousness with extreme characteristics, which is less accurate than other imbalances. If some college students think that everything is fine abroad, then the moon in the west is rounder than that in the east. This is obviously not an objective and wrong consideration, impetuous people just want to be stubborn. This is a manifestation of impetuosity and paranoia. For example, impetuous college students who are in love often find one and will not listen to the advice of friends and parents. They must live and die together and grow old together. This also shows the characteristics of paranoia.
Third, the causes of college students' impetuous psychology
Mr. Mao Dun once made an analogy: after the Chinese nation recovered from the storm, it was like a person who had been locked in a cellar for a long time suddenly climbing to the ground, unable to open his eyes in the face of strong sunlight for a while and unable to adapt to the environment for a while. College students are the trendsetter of the times and the most active and liberated group. Naturally, the great historical changes of China's reform and opening up in recent years will inevitably impact and affect people's minds, which will certainly affect the psychological state of young college students. To sum up, the causes of college students' impetuous psychology are as follows:
First, under the new situation of social atmosphere, China has been opening wider to the outside world and deepening its reform. Great changes have taken place in the original system, concept and social structure, and the great achievements of reform and opening up have attracted worldwide attention. At the same time, because some people can't stand the test of reform and opening-up, their money worship thoughts are serious, and even their morality is ruined. Various social evils such as corruption, bribery, trading of power and money, trading of power and sex have appeared, and various social problems have increased. In this context, some college students are at a loss about their life goals. When they can't find the direction of life, negative thoughts easily take advantage of it and occupy an important position in their hearts, which makes them often lose sight of the direction and produce impetuous emotions. Life with red light and green light is very corrosive. Some college students often only see the abnormal road to this realm and believe in the power of this channel, so they try to take shortcuts to pursue pleasure, and the results are often unsatisfactory, and their impetuous mentality is more prominent.
Second, the value is lost. What is the most valuable thing in life? It seems that in recent years, society has neglected this question a little, and failed to guide teenagers to give correct answers. Some bad social atmosphere has caused a lot of confusion among young students: studying hard does not necessarily mean rich rewards, and studying hard will eventually lead to good jobs. In reality, the situation that the brain and body are suspended also makes college students lose their value. In this way, some students don't know or even doubt whether it is valuable and worthwhile to study hard in the Chinese window for more than ten years. Therefore, some students feel uneasy and at a loss.
Thirdly, effective management of management omissions is the only way to make college students develop physically and mentally healthily. At present, the management in this area is not perfect, there is no set of effective methods and systems, and there are gaps in many aspects. For example, it is very important to educate and guide freshmen, because freshmen from a small town with a fairly conservative living environment to a metropolis with an open and avant-garde lifestyle will inevitably arouse countless waves and produce many inner conflicts. Faced with such a huge contrast, they are likely to be at a loss and fidgety in their behavior. At this time, if there is no proper psychological counseling and consultation, the impetuous psychology of college students is easy to breed.
Fourth, one-sided understanding Engels said: "We can only understand the conditions we are looking for, and to what extent these conditions reach, we can recognize them." Young college students' understanding of society, life, career and love is definitely immature and imperfect. When some people pursue success in their studies and love, it is easy to breed the psychology of seeking quick and urgent, while ignoring the constraints of conditions and the interests of the overall situation. One-sided understanding and eager behavior can easily induce people to be paranoid, impulsive, blind, hot-headed and impetuous.
Fourth, the main measures to deal with impetuous psychology
Impetuousness, as a national mentality, is a spiritual phenomenon in the specific history of China's reform. As a psychological phenomenon, the core of impetuousness is people's simple and instinctive life impulse and material desire. The deep characteristics of impetuousness are emphasizing extension over connotation, quantity over quality, superficiality over reality, short-term over long-term, formalism and even fraud to expand the market. As opposed to hard work, down-to-earth and fair competition. Impetuousness makes people lose their accurate self-orientation, and makes people go with the flow and act blindly, which is extremely harmful to individuals and collectives. We must try our best to reduce and eliminate this unhealthy psychology:
First, we should be able to know ourselves and ourselves. The ancients said, "Know yourself and know yourself, and you will be invincible." As the backbone, people should know more about themselves, find their own position, define their own direction, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, do what they should do. Try to make your own net, don't just envy other people's fish. In this way, the psychological imbalance will be greatly reduced, and there will be no feeling of anxiety and loss.
Second, we should treat life and career with a pragmatic spirit. We should not only have long-term goals, but also pay attention to down-to-earth work. Pragmatism is the foundation of development, and pragmatism is the source of innovation. Life can't be achieved overnight. We should move forward step by step, step by step, slowly and steadily. Flower boxing embroidered feet can only be a bluff, formalism is useless. Only by absorbing pragmatic and rash behavior can we reduce or even disappear.
Third, we should establish a correct concept, do not advocate individualism, money worship and hedonism, and establish a correct outlook on life, values and world outlook. Be good at thinking when something happens, proceed from reality and think about noisy things with a calm mind. Not confused by quantity, not influenced by potential. "indifferent to bright eyes, quiet and far-reaching", fate is in your own hands, and the road is at your feet. It is necessary to stand tall and see far, but also to be steady and do it carefully.