Keywords: credit system; Class; Student management
China Library Classification Number: G647 Document Identification Number: Part A Number:1671-0568 (2012) 23-0170-02.
Class is one of the important environments for college students' growth and the smallest unit of college students' management, so administrative class plays an important role in college students' management. With the continuous development of China's educational reform, many colleges and universities have successively implemented the credit system. The credit system originated in Germany. 1At the beginning of the 9th century, W·V· Humboldt, a famous German educator, advocated students' "freedom of study", advocated people's personality and self-formation, and founded the University of Berlin on 18 10, advocating students to choose courses independently. The credit system is a teaching management system that calculates students' learning volume by credits, takes course selection system, flexible academic system and tutorial system as its basic characteristics, and students can obtain graduation certificates after completing the required credits. [ 1]
The implementation of the credit system is an important reform of higher education system, which is of great benefit to improving the quality of higher education, integrating educational resources and cultivating talents, but it also challenges the education and management of college students. The implementation of the credit system has had a great impact on class management in colleges and universities. It has played an important role in actively exploring the class management mode adapted to the reform and development of the credit system, continuously strengthening the construction of administrative classes in colleges and universities, and exploring the experience of class management under the credit system, so as to make a smooth transition from the academic year class management system to the credit system class management system. Students can grow up healthily and steadily in the process of changing from academic year system to credit system education, which is also an important aspect of college student management reform under the credit system.
First, the current situation and challenges of class management in colleges and universities under the background of credit system
1. The weakening of administrative classes in colleges and universities under the credit system.
After the implementation of the credit system in colleges and universities, students are no longer limited by the academic year and semester, and can choose courses independently. Students in the same class are in different classes in different places, which leads to the decentralization of student management from the original centralized management and the weakening of the original administrative class. Subsequently, students' collective concept is indifferent, class cohesion declines, and personal sense of belonging disappears. Even among post-90s college students, individualistic values prevail.
2. Under the credit system, the old class management system has been impacted.
The traditional student management mode in China is a three-level vertical management mode: school student management office-college student work office-class. Counselors, class teachers and class cadres play a role as the main force of class student management. At present, this three-level vertical management mode is still in use. However, with the implementation of the credit system, this management model has gradually appeared problems. Under the credit system, students in the same classroom come from different majors and don't know each other, which makes it difficult for teachers to attend classes, especially for students who have been absent for a long time. Class teachers and counselors can't get help in time. Under the credit system, students in the same class have different class hours and no unified class schedule, so it is difficult for the class to organize students to participate in student activities organized by schools and colleges.
3. Under the credit system, the old way of rewarding and evaluating outstanding students is unfair.
The excellent evaluation of schools and colleges and the evaluation of scholarships are also an important part of current student management. The same course is graded by different teachers, and the evaluation criteria of teachers are different. Under the same class hours, different students choose different courses of different nature and difficulty. It is unfair to evaluate students' academic performance and scholarships only by the average score standard.
4. Under the credit system, student management lags behind.
Under the credit system, the pressure of study, or psychological problems caused by family changes and friends' lovelorn, are discovered late by roommates and classmates, which makes the intervention of such problems often lag behind the student management, which makes it difficult for the student management. In addition, the implementation of the credit system also brings challenges to the dormitory management of students' classes.
In view of these new situations and new features in class management in colleges and universities under the credit system, we must reform and adjust the current class management accordingly, so as to make college students adapt to the current learning and living environment as soon as possible.
Second, some thoughts on innovating class management in colleges and universities under the credit system
1. Strengthen the construction of administrative classes
Due to the long-term influence of college student management system, we are not prepared for the weakening of classes under the current credit system. Administrative classes are bound to exist in colleges and universities in China for some time. At present, it is still necessary to strengthen the construction of administrative classes, promote the construction of class culture and style of study with administrative classes as the starting point, and improve class cohesion. A class cadre with strong credibility and working ability is the core of a class's continuous growth and progress. Therefore, the head teacher's counselor must take optimizing the construction of the class team and constantly improving the enthusiasm of the class team as the top priority of his work, so that the class team can lead the whole class to learn and manage independently. Secondly, we must use our spare time to strengthen class construction through class activities and theme group day activities. When the time of class group activities conflicts, the mode of class group activities plus group activities is adopted, so that students can show themselves, get to know each other and find a sense of personal belonging in class activities.
2. Innovative class management system
In order to adapt to the new situation, the class management under the credit system should break the original student management mode. Now the management of students must be flexible, while the management of class teachers is rigid. Under the credit system, the binding force and supervision of students are not as good as before, so that students can carry out self-education and self-management through effective carriers such as the school's audio-visual platform, and the work of the class teacher should be assessed every year. In view of the counselor's heavy workload, trivial work and great mobility, the class teacher must personally participate in the class management affairs, keep abreast of the students' trends in this class, personally fill in the class teacher's log and improve the class information.
Set up an attendance team in the class. After the start of each semester, an attendance team is set up according to the students' class schedule, and the staffing of the attendance team is optimized as much as possible, so that everyone can supervise and everyone can be supervised. At the end of the semester, the hard-working attendance team members will be rewarded, and qualified schools can also punch in attendance; After the freshmen enter the school, the class birthday is determined by the class teacher, and it will continue as a class system to further strengthen the students' sense of collective honor. In addition, in view of the poor communication of information under the credit system, the class has set up a blog, or used modern network means such as QQ and Fetion to access the class affairs online as soon as possible to facilitate students' access; Set up a study group in the dormitory, use the dormitory as a platform for students to communicate at ordinary times, and promote the construction of class style of study.
3. Establish an evaluation system to reward and help outstanding students under the credit system.
The traditional scholarship evaluation system has limitations under the credit system, so we must reform the current evaluation system as soon as possible, and we can't simply take the cumulative average of credits as the sole criterion for evaluation. The funding standards for evaluating courses in colleges and universities should develop in the direction of diversification of evaluation standards, individualization of award setting and balanced bonus distribution, so as to encourage potential students in different disciplines; Let students with advanced work style, advanced scientific research and advanced ideas enjoy the same amount of scholarships as those with excellent learning, thus replacing the traditional mode of awarding scholarships through comprehensive evaluation.
4. Establish a "student-oriented" service awareness
Sun Tzu's art of war has the viewpoint of "making it written"-that is, people-oriented and respecting and caring for others. [2] Under the credit system, class counselors must establish a "student-oriented" service consciousness, establish a management concept of management as a service, constantly strengthen their professional level, respect students' personality development, integrate into students' lives, enhance communication between teachers and students, achieve early detection and early treatment of class malignant events, and try to avoid the lagging phenomenon of student management caused by poor information.
In the process of class management, there are often contradictions between personality and personality. The implementation of the credit system has also brought new thinking to this problem. While cultivating class collective character, we should also pay attention to students' personality development. College students like to pursue individuality, and there are often individual students' personalities that are not in harmony with the class, which will affect the formation of excellent class spirit. We should pay attention to the education of these students, not only to improve their personality that is conducive to their development, but also to make up for their personality defects in a targeted manner.
Implementing the credit system is a comprehensive systematic project. The effective implementation of the credit system requires a professional and high-quality educational administration team: not only have a deep understanding and research on the credit system, but also be good at class management, and have high management skills in teaching work, and be able to skillfully use reasonable management means to handle complex daily things in order. The implementation of the credit system is a great change in the educational reform in colleges and universities. We must constantly explore innovative class management measures to make the implementation of the credit system go smoothly.
References:
[1] Hao Haihong. On the positive significance of the credit system to the construction of study style in colleges and universities [J]. Journal of yichun university, 20 10/0,32 (10).
[2] Wang Aimin. The Art of War and Class Management in Colleges and Universities [J]. Journal of binzhou university, 2007,23 (4).