Two-way, multi-terminal, social, gradual and repetitive.

1, two-way: in the process of psychological counseling, the counselor plays a leading role, and the counseling object (seeker) is the main body in the process of psychological counseling. The interaction and cooperation between the consultant and the client make the consultation activities in a pleasant atmosphere and complete with a happy ending. It is a "two-way" of psychological counseling. Therefore, in the process of psychological counseling, on the one hand, the counseling object must listen to the opinions of the counselors and actively cooperate with their help and education; On the other hand, consultants must also have an insight into the psychological changes of customers, adjust help and education according to their responses, and mobilize their enthusiasm.

2. Multi-faceted: As we all know, a person's psychological structure and mental outlook are mainly composed of knowledge (cognition), emotion (emotion), will (will) and behavior (behavior). A person's psychological problems or psychological obstacles are mainly due to the deviation of these four aspects. Due to the different social life practice, these four factors occupy different positions and play different roles in everyone's psychological structure, and the imbalance of their development has produced a weak link in one aspect. Therefore, in the process of psychological counseling, we must choose the most needed and urgent aspects as the starting point and breakthrough point of counseling according to the specific conditions of the clients, and start with "convincing people with reasoning" to help them understand things and harm; Starting from "moving with emotion", communicate the hearts of both sides with the feelings of love, remove the obstacles of psychological defense and adjust their emotions; Starting from "refining with heart", make them establish confidence, firm determination and cultivate perseverance, and cooperate with the consultation process from beginning to end; Starting with "guidance and action", let them engage in healthy psychological activities that are opposite to the original psychological obstacles and develop good behavior habits. This is the "multi-terminal" of psychological counseling process.

Sociality: Psychological counseling is not conducted in a "vacuum". The rise and fall of social economy and culture, the progress of science and technology and the change of social value system will all have different degrees of influence on psychological counseling. At the same time, psychological counselors' help to clients is only one of the "tributaries" of various "influence sources". Families, schools, social institutions and other "tributaries" are constantly cleaning up and infiltrating the hearts of the clients. Some of these "flows" are consistent with psychological counseling, which can help and promote visitors to overcome psychological obstacles better, while others are contrary to psychological counseling, and even hinder and weaken the smooth development of psychological counseling. This requires that psychological counselors must link psychological counseling with schools, families and society, unify their pace and help visitors together. On the one hand, we should pay attention to analyzing the social background of psychological problems of the clients and find out the real reasons for their psychological obstacles; On the other hand, when solving the psychological problems of visitors, we should actively obtain the cooperation of all aspects, and overcome and resist the negative effects contrary to the psychological counseling requirements with the positive effects that meet the psychological counseling requirements. This is the "sociality" of psychological counseling process.

4. Progressiveness: The formation and development of people's psychological quality is gradual. Similarly, the overcoming and elimination of bad psychological quality is gradual, and it is impossible to do it overnight in a short time. Therefore, to overcome impatience, counselors and visitors should not make excessive demands at once, but should change from simple to complex, from quantity to quality, step by step. The "gradualism" of psychological process requires counselors to cultivate the quality of care and patience and help visitors improve step by step.

5. Repeatability: The development of everything is tortuous, spiraling up rather than going straight ahead. The same is true of the formation and development of people's psychological quality, especially the overcoming and elimination of bad psychological quality. Therefore, psychological counselors should not have the idea of once and for all, do not limit their relationship with clients to outpatient rooms, do not show disgust and indifference to the repeated appearance of clients, and do not criticize and accuse them. Psychological counselors must also pay attention to check their own counseling effect, visit key counseling objects regularly, and consolidate the counseling effect.