First, the meaning and classification of traditional decorative patterns

(A) the meaning of traditional decorative patterns

As an important part of China traditional culture, traditional pattern decoration expresses people's yearning for beautiful things. It is a comprehensive expression of auspicious meaning combined with graphics, which can produce * * * sound with Chinese national emotion. After thousands of years of development, there are many kinds of traditional decorative patterns, which are of great significance. They are not only the representatives of China's historical and cultural heritage, but also the treasures of world art and culture. Traditional pattern decoration is a kind of decoration. Decoration is the most basic function of traditional pattern decoration. Patterns without decoration are just an art, and decorative patterns are works of art that can be integrated into life. Therefore, design and decoration are inseparable. As an art form developed with the development of human history and civilization, traditional pattern decoration is a major breakthrough and progress in human life and visual aesthetics. From the formation and development of historical civilization, the development of traditional pattern decoration is synchronous with the progress of civilization of the times, which not only reflects the living conditions of human civilization in various periods, but also reflects the ideological forms of human beings in various periods. Therefore, with the continuous development and progress of human civilization, traditional pattern decoration has gradually become an important part of human culture and constantly reflects the development of the whole society.

(B) the classification of traditional decorative patterns

For thousands of years, traditional decorative patterns will present different patterns in different historical development stages. The author will classify and summarize them according to their images and performance types. According to the image of traditional pattern decoration, Chinese traditional pattern decoration can usually be divided into four categories: animal pattern, plant pattern, vessel pattern and figure pattern. There are also a few decorative patterns of other images, but overall, these four categories include most of the traditional decorative patterns. Subdivided, the images of animal decorative patterns are mainly dragons and phoenixes, wild animals and fish, symbolizing peace and prosperity; Plant pattern decoration is usually continuous, and the pattern images are mainly grass-rolling patterns, branches-winding patterns and precious flowers. The appearance of plant images combined with wavy lines or peach-shaped frames is the biggest feature of plant pattern decoration. The decorative patterns of utensils mostly come from utensils with auspicious meanings, such as ingots, ruyi, jade and other images widely used in Ming and Qing dynasties; The decoration of character patterns first appeared in totems, and then appeared in religious propaganda in large numbers. According to the performance types of traditional pattern decoration, it can be generally divided into table number type, symbolic type, religious type, literary type and moral type. From the perspective of subdivision, the decorative patterns of table numbers originated from totem symbols in primitive society are mostly symbolic. This kind of images are concise and extremely abstract, and their intrinsic cultural value and symbolic significance far exceed the decorative patterns in the general sense, so the decorative value is low. Symbolic pattern decoration has a profound meaning, and its symbolic function still dominates and has a guiding role; The theme is the pattern decoration of ghosts and gods legends or religious beliefs, which is generally classified as religious pattern decoration. Such decorative patterns often reflect people's spiritual sustenance under the oppression of dark society, or people's spiritual fantasy of pursuing eternal life; The emergence of people-oriented thought is the biggest difference between literary pattern decoration and other types. This pattern has richer decorative themes and a stronger sense of picture. The decorative patterns of moral patterns mostly appeared in Ming and Qing Dynasties. By skillfully using various symbolic methods, beautiful things are endowed with auspicious meanings, thus expressing people's pursuit of a better life.

Second, the role and present situation of traditional pattern decoration in the construction of campus culture

(A) the role of traditional decorative patterns in the construction of campus culture

The role of traditional pattern decoration in campus culture construction is reflected in two aspects: First, it can meet the needs of campus culture development. By studying Chinese traditional patterns, on the one hand, students can understand the essence of China traditional culture and help to carry forward national culture; On the other hand, the application of traditional pattern decoration in the construction of campus culture can also greatly enrich the connotation of campus culture. Second, the application of traditional pattern decoration in the construction of campus culture can promote the development of traditional pattern decoration itself. Traditional pattern decoration originated from life and will eventually return to life. Many basic elements in traditional pattern decoration come from the life of the ancients, and the shadow of traditional pattern decoration can be seen in ancient totems and buildings. This application and inheritance make the traditional pattern decoration develop continuously, and finally form an intricate pattern decoration system. Therefore, the application of traditional pattern decoration in the construction of campus culture is not only the vigorous promotion and inheritance of traditional pattern decoration, but also the development of traditional pattern decoration.

(B) the application of traditional decorative patterns in the construction of campus culture.

First, people's understanding of traditional decorative patterns is limited. At present, people's understanding of the forms and contents of traditional pattern decoration is not deep enough. On the one hand, people often judge whether a pattern is traditional by whether it is decorated with folk crafts; On the other hand, some people unilaterally pursue freshness and the trend of the times, ignoring the artistic connotation of pattern decoration. These two understandings hinder the application of traditional pattern decoration in the construction of campus culture. Second, the application of traditional pattern decoration is divorced from social life, which is difficult for students to accept. As an important part of social spiritual civilization construction, campus culture construction has certain uniqueness. Campus culture, as the carrier of school spirit, constantly affects students as the main body of the future society. In the application practice of traditional pattern decoration in campus culture construction, some schools introduce traditional pattern decoration at will, which is monotonous and simple, completely divorced from real life, which will lead to students' useless learning and even out of touch with society; Although some traditional decorative patterns introduced by the school contain some life elements, they deviate from the real life background, which often makes it difficult for students to accept and absorb some artistic ideas contained in them.

Thirdly, the countermeasures of applying traditional pattern decoration to campus culture construction.

Campus culture construction is a systematic cultural project. The construction of campus culture in the new era should highlight the guiding function, embody traditional decorative patterns in details, and pay attention to the presentation of material and cultural forms in campus construction. As a temple for spreading knowledge and promoting traditional culture, schools should assume the responsibility of spreading traditional patterns. Specifically, there are two main countermeasures to apply traditional pattern decoration to campus culture construction:

(A) the traditional decorative patterns into the campus spiritual and cultural construction.

Campus culture construction includes campus spiritual culture construction, material culture construction and campus system construction. Introducing traditional pattern decoration into the construction of school spirit and style of study can subtly fulfill the responsibility of cultural inheritance. For example, introducing appropriate traditional patterns into the design of school emblem and school flag; In the school motto, the design idea and content of the school motto are combined to explain, so that teachers and students can understand the composition and formation law of traditional patterns. In addition, the inheritance and protection of traditional patterns can also be regarded as the tradition of the school and incorporated into the rules and regulations of the school, so that the study and inheritance of traditional patterns become an important part of the spiritual and cultural construction of the campus. All departments of the school can ensure the development and implementation of this work, so that teachers and students can truly appreciate the humanistic connotation and unique details contained in traditional patterns.

(B) the application of traditional decorative patterns in campus life

In addition to introducing the related concepts and theories of traditional pattern decoration into the school spirit and motto, schools should also promote and spread traditional pattern decoration in their daily campus life. Only by embodying the application of traditional pattern decoration in life can students better appreciate the charm of traditional pattern decoration. First of all, some related traditional patterns (such as lighting equipment, chairs, landscape walls, etc.) can be embedded in various school landmarks. ), can not only play an aesthetic role, but also give these landscape equipment a humanistic imprint, so as to achieve the purpose of giving students visual enjoyment and liking traditional pattern decoration. Secondly, palindromes can be used for proper decoration in the corridors and aisles of schools, or some suitable geometric patterns can be used for carving and decoration in classroom windows; Finally, some campus decorative sculptures can be decorated with patterns with a just and peaceful atmosphere. The application and promotion of traditional pattern decoration in campus life is not difficult, but it is of great significance. Only by doing these basic promotion work well can we really integrate traditional pattern decoration into campus cultural construction, thus achieving the ultimate goal of educating students and inheriting culture.

Four. conclusion

Traditional pattern decoration is a valuable historical and cultural heritage of China. Since the reform and opening up, the development of traditional pattern decoration has been influenced by internationalization. Under this background, studying the application of traditional pattern decoration in campus culture construction can not only inherit the advanced nature of traditional pattern decoration, but also help to carry it forward. As successors of the new era, students should actively learn and inherit this traditional culture and endow it with new characteristics of the times. Only in this way can we ensure that traditional decorative patterns will not be eliminated by the times.

Author: Wang Kuili Unit: Nanjing University of Finance and Economics.

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