Psychological distance theory (theory? Yes? Psychology? Distance is a theory about aesthetic essence. British psychologist and aesthetician Bloch put forward.

It is believed that the basic premise of people's aesthetic activities to art and reality is to keep an appropriate psychological distance, that is, the aesthetic subject and object should keep an appropriate psychological attitude, which can only be obtained by separating the feelings of the object from the personal self and freeing the object from people's own actual needs and purposes.

2. Gestalt Psychology School

M (short for meter) Wei Teman published the article "Experimental Research on Similar Motion", which marked the rise of this school. Gestalt psychology emphasizes that the whole is not equal to the sum of the parts, but exists before the parts, which restricts the nature and significance of the parts.

This view accords with objective facts to some extent. Gestalt psychologists, from this point of view, resolutely oppose the elemental analysis of any psychological phenomenon, which plays a certain role in exposing the mistakes of mechanism and elementarism in psychology. At the same time, they have done a lot of experimental research work in the field of perception and achieved many scientific achievements.

3. Psychoanalysis School

Psychoanalysis, also known as psychoanalysis, is one of the main schools of modern western psychology. It regards the unconscious psychological process and motivation as the starting point and core of its theoretical system. The founder is S. Freud, an Austrian psychiatrist and psychologist who lived in/kloc-0 from the end of the 9th century to the beginning of the 20th century. Therefore, also known as? Freudianism? .

Psychoanalytic school turned its research object to abnormal behavior, instead of feeling, attention and consciousness in traditional psychology. The research method is clinical observation.

4. Empathy theory

Empathy theory is an aesthetic theory named after the concept of empathy. Empathy, as an aesthetic term, was first put forward by German aesthetician Fischer, indicating that people can add their thoughts and feelings to the object through their conscious activities, so that the object has a certain emotional and aesthetic color. This theory later became the core content of Lips' psychological aesthetics in Germany.

20? At the beginning of the century, it was widely spread and became the theoretical basis of various formalism art schools (such as expressionism).

5. Intuition theory

Intuition theory is a theory about aesthetic essence. It developed from the irrational philosophical thoughts of German classical philosophers Fichte, Schelling and modern French philosopher Bergson, and matured through Croce, which had a great influence on modern western expressionist aesthetics.

It is believed that reason cannot know the world, and only through intuition can we know things from themselves and inside, so as to perceive and experience beauty.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Intuition Theory