Universities and colleges are a kind of schools that implement higher education, including comprehensive universities, specialized universities and colleges. It is an organization with unique functions, an institution of higher learning that inherits, studies, integrates and innovates advanced academic knowledge, and is interrelated with social, economic and political institutions. It is not only the product of the development of human culture to a certain stage, but also a unique culture gradually formed on the basis of long-term school-running practice through historical accumulation, self-efforts and external environmental influence.

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The rise and fall of a country is closely related to the rise and fall of a university. There are two aspects to a country's strength, one is "hard power" and the other is "soft power". The core and focus of "soft power" is the rise and fall of universities. At present, it is impossible to become a world power without many high-level universities, and it is impossible to become a world power without a number of world-class universities.

History has repeatedly proved another truth. World-class universities are produced through competition. Especially since the mid-1990s, human society has gradually entered a brand-new era characterized by political multipolarization, economic globalization, cultural diversity and information networking.

In this new era, a new wave of internationalization of higher education has been set off around the world, which requires universities of all countries to go further to the world, accelerate the internationalization process through competition on the basis of localization, generally improve the cultural taste, school-running level and education quality of many universities, and build a number of world-class universities. This situation shows that universities all over the world are in a fierce competitive environment, and this competition is carried out on a global scale.