Northeast Petroleum University, referred to as Dongyou and Naipu for short, is located in Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province, the largest petroleum and petrochemical base in China. It is a national key university born with the discovery of Daqing Oilfield, the largest oil field in China. It is a petroleum institute jointly established by China Petroleum and Natural Gas Group, China Petrochemical Group, China Offshore Oil Corporation and Heilongjiang Provincial People's Government. It is a key high-level university in Heilongjiang Province. It is also the national "excellent engineer education and training plan" and "national college students' innovative experimental plan", the national "characteristic key discipline project" and the national "public postgraduate plan for building high-level universities".

Northeastern Petroleum University originated from Tsinghua University Oil Refining Department, was bred in Beijing Petroleum Institute, and was born and developed in Daqing Oilfield, which is one of the important achievements of Daqing Oilfield Congress. The school's predecessor, Northeast Petroleum Institute, was founded in May 1960, renamed Daqing Petroleum Institute in July/975, and officially renamed Northeast Petroleum University in April/20 10. Many presidents and vice presidents of PetroChina, Sinopec and CNOOC graduated here, and are known as the "Whampoa Military Academy" in the oil industry.