The University of Sport in Cologne, Germany was founded in 1947, and its predecessor was the German Institute of Sport. At first, it followed the tradition of the former Berlin Institute of Physical Education. As a facility in Cologne, it had only 100 students. 1962 was taken over by the government of North Rhine-Westphalia. 1965 changed its name to cologne sports university, Germany. 1966 the number of students increased to 1000. 1970 has been recognized as an institution of higher learning by the relevant government departments and has the right to confer doctoral degrees. The number of students in 1976 reached 2660. 1980 merged with the physical education curriculum of Rhine Normal University in Cologne. By the end of 1998, the number of students had increased to 7,000, including more than 500 foreign students from more than 50 countries.
University teachers belong to three colleges: School of Education and Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Medicine and Natural Sciences, and School of Physical Education Teaching Theory. Each college has several teaching and research sections. In addition, there are archives research institutes, libraries and computer centers. The school also has indoor and outdoor venues and laboratory buildings for 23 different sports, with complete teaching, training and scientific research facilities.
Second, the professional setting and training objectives
1. Undergraduate and junior college level
For many years, Cologne Sport University has only two majors: undergraduate and junior college. One is a normal major, which is equivalent to the physical education major in China. Students in this major must study another major (such as geography, English, Latin, mathematics, religion, etc. ) In other universities, except in physical education class. They need to complete the required credits in 6-8 semesters, obtain the national junior teacher qualification when they graduate, and can be teachers of physical education class or other courses in primary and secondary schools; The second is sports science, training coaches and sports researchers. Students of this major mainly study sports-related professional courses at school and complete the subject courses in seven semesters. In addition, they also need to choose one of the two modules of "Recreation and Competitive Sports" and "Rehabilitation and Disabled Sports" as their professional direction and complete the corresponding credits. When you graduate, you can get a diploma in sports science in coaching and other sports research work.
2. Improve the curriculum
After obtaining the national junior teacher qualification or sports science diploma, students can also apply to universities to study and improve courses, which is roughly equivalent to domestic graduate students, but without a diploma. There are two major directions for curriculum improvement: one is the direction of sports economics, with four semesters. Courses include introduction to economics, accounting, planning and construction of sports facilities, sports management, sports law and so on. The second is special scientific training control, which lasts for two semesters. Courses include special training control, load intensity analysis, psychological training, finance and sports management.
3. Doctoral degree
Students can also apply for a doctorate in sports science (or the corresponding diplomas of other universities) after obtaining the national junior teacher qualification or sports science diploma in Cologne Sport University. The study period is 4 semesters. Doctor of Physical Education also has three major directions: one is sociology of physical education, and the courses include leisure science, history, education, philosophy, psychology, sociology, etc. Second, the direction of sports bioscience, including biochemistry, biomechanics, cardiology, medicine, physiology, rehabilitation and so on; Third, the direction of physical education teaching methods, including music pedagogy, news, sports training theory and so on.
Three, undergraduate and junior college courses
Universities in Europe generally conduct a survey of graduates' job selection every five years, adjust teaching plans according to social needs, and pay attention to the combination of training objectives and social needs.
The survey report on the employment situation of graduates in Cologne Sport University in recent five years shows that more than half of the graduates are engaged in fitness and rehabilitation, of which 16. 1% are engaged in competitive sports, 20% are engaged in sports economy, and about 8% are engaged in sports media. It is predicted that the demand for fitness sports and competitive sports talents will be relatively stable in 2 1 century, while the demand for sports economy and media talents will increase substantially.
In recent years, with the acceleration of European integration, the reform of European higher physical education has also entered the implementation stage. Taking Cologne Sport University as the representative, it took the lead in adjusting the original major. 1998 is the first year to start a new teaching plan, which will be implemented in other European countries soon. The following is the newly revised teaching plan for teachers' majors and sports science majors in Cologne Sport University.
In the past, the professional settings of teachers in different physical education departments in Germany were different. This teaching reform unified the academic system into four years. However, the curriculum and credit requirements for different training objectives are still different. The contents of the two-level teaching plan for training physical education teachers in primary and secondary schools in Cologne Sport University are as follows.
(1) Basic course
Credit test method a level
4 Gymnastics Equipment Technical Examination
4. Gymnastics and Dance Technical Examination
4 swimming technical examination
4 technical test ball
4 Throwing skill examination
4 technical exam shooting
4. Long-distance exercise for technical examination
2. Technical Examination Grade B, C and D
Biological basis of children's sports and competitive sports
4 Health and Prevention Sports Medicine Classroom Examination
2 (Lecture)
Anthropological and Pedagogical Basis of Physical Education, Games and Sports
2 (Lecture)
Psychological development and skill learning
2. The value norms and changes of children's sports in the classroom examination.
2 (Lecture)
The foundation and basic theory of physical education teaching
2 Classroom exams (2) Specialized courses
Credit rating a
School practical learning
Preparatory activities before and after physical education class
2B, c and d
Construction, analysis and revision of children's competitive sports and physical education
2 the concept of school and school physical education
2. Analysis, planning and evaluation of physical education class in primary and secondary schools.
22. Professional courses of sports science
Sports science majors in Germany are all completed in eight semesters. The new teaching plan of Cologne Sport University this year stipulates 160 credits, including 82 credits for basic courses, 62 credits for specialized courses and 16 credits for elective courses in the first two years.
(1) Basic course (82 credits in total)
Among them: introduction 2 credits; Sports theory and practice 46 credits; 34 points for sports science foundation.
Introduction to Physical Education Science (48 credits)
1 History of sports organizations and sports development at home and abroad
1 sports training
4 apparatus gymnastics
4 Gymnastics/Dance
4 Team events 1 (football, basketball, handball, volleyball and hockey only)
4 collective project 2 (ibid.)
Small ball games (tennis, table tennis and badminton only)
4 Sports activities (1)
4 sports activities (2)
4 sports activities (3)
2 Sports activities (4)
2 (Sports activities are limited to previous and learned events)
Basic course of sports science (14 credits) credits sports and training
2 Biomechanics
2 discussion class
2 anatomy
2 psychology
2 discussion class
2 Traumatology
1 seminar
1 Basic Pedagogy Course (20 points) Credit Sports
2 sports psychology
2 discussion class
2 Sports Sociology
2 Sports history
2 sports philosophy
2 discussion class
2 Introduction to Sports Science Work
2 Statistical data
2 methods and theories
2(2) specialized courses (62 credits)
A. Professional required course (12 credits) credits Sports Ethics and Sports Science
1 Gender characteristics of sports
1 Sociological basis of sports and health
1 sports and environment
2 Teaching and learning
2 Social interaction and human behavior
2 the basis of health taxonomy of sports medicine
2. Implement medical and natural science projects
2b。 Specialized Elective Courses (2 credits)
1 sports law
1 European sports
1 enterprise behavior basis
1 sports information
1 the life cycle of sports
1c。 Specialized courses (48 credits)
After two years of general physical education, the last two years provided five major directions for students to choose from.
One of the professional directions: sports training and competitive sports
Objective: To have the ability to organize sports training scientifically, impart diagnostic knowledge, cultivate competitive ability and widely apply training methods without causing physical injury to athletes, and remind children and adult athletes of the main reasons that affect the progress of sports performance.
Occupation: coach of clubs and other sports organizations; Diagnostics of competition and competitive sports organization; Partners in the sporting goods industry.
The second direction: leisure and entertainment.
Goal: Have the ability of teaching, planning and organizing leisure, sports and games. At the same time, it has the ability to formulate and implement plans in the fields of culture and sports, and is responsible for making suggestions.
Occupation: Leisure sports professionals in sports clubs, training departments and leisure social welfare clubs.
The third direction: disease prevention and rehabilitation movement
Objective: To organize, teach, treat, plan and supervise the rehabilitation of patients with chronic diseases and injured athletes through the prevention and treatment of sports, games and sports.
Occupation: Physiotherapist in rehabilitation field; Professionals working in health consultation offices, clubs and medical insurance departments; Fitness instructors who work in sports clubs and fitness institutions.
The fourth direction: sports economy and economic management
Objective: To have the ability to meet the needs of various economic management majors in the field of sports.
Occupation: sports manager of state organs and clubs; Personnel engaged in sports economy in sports market, advertising and sports industry departments; Business people in sports fields such as leisure and fitness.
The fifth direction: sports news
Objective: Have the ability to engage in professional news reporting and transmission. Professional ability refers to sports science and practice, and transfer ability refers to communication and sports news.
Occupation: Radio and TV publishing sports reporter; Professional publishers of clubs and other sports organizations; Partners in news media market and public opinion research.