Generally speaking, there will be some influence, but after the make-up exam, it is generally ok to get a diploma. Those who fail this course may get it later. Depending on the school, you will usually get a diploma, and the make-up exam will generally let you pass. Generally, it depends on the final grade. When a few people fail in one or two courses and can't get a diploma, the school will generally delay giving it to you for a while. When you graduate, too many courses may not give you a diploma, which is equivalent to reading for nothing.

In short, there is no problem if you pass the make-up exam, and the school will not investigate whether you failed the first time.