1. Ivy League University refers to a sports league composed of eight universities in the northeast of the United States. These universities are all first-class universities in the United States, and they are also the university leagues that produce the most Rhodes scholars in the United States. Ivy League schools include Harvard University, University of Pennsylvania, Yale University, Princeton University, Columbia University, Dartmouth College, Brown University and Cornell University.

The eight Ivy League universities in America are all private universities. Like public universities, they receive federal funding and private donations for academic research. Because American public universities enjoy huge grants from the federal government, private universities have lower financial expenditures and research funds than public universities.