Keywords: conflict avoidance, empty chair technology, rational emotional therapy
1. General information of the helper
Chen Mou, a 24-year-old woman, is the only child in the family. Her parents are ordinary workers and college graduates.
2. The helper's self-report
Personal statement: mainly in a bad mood. Two months ago, I was introduced to a graduate student. The other party is willing to establish a relationship with him, but considering that he only has a college degree and has an inferiority complex, he is hesitant to continue to develop. I regret that I didn't work hard at the beginning, which caused my passivity now. I'm anxious, I don't know where to start, I'm very upset, so I have to go online to kill time. In the past month, I have been unable to sleep after going to bed. After falling asleep, many dreams are easy to wake up, which leads to a bad mood and always distracted.
3. What the consultant observed and learned.
The consultant observed that the visitor's appearance and clothes were normal, and through the communication with his parents, he learned that the visitor had excellent academic performance, obedient and introverted personality since childhood. After transferring from high school, my temperament changed greatly. I often go home and say that my classmates have cars, computers and mobile phones and ask my parents to buy them for her. If parents can't meet the requirements, they cry and don't go to school, and their academic performance drops. The college entrance examination is not ideal. Her parents wanted her to retake the exam, but she didn't want to study, so she went to a junior college. During my college years, I seldom communicated with my classmates, and spent most of my spare time chatting online.
4. Assessment and diagnosis
4. 1 psychological evaluation
According to the situation of the visitors, the psychological counselor used SCL-90 (Psychological Symptom Scale) to test their mental health. The test results are as follows:
SCL- 90 results for each factor
SDS: total score 39, standard score 46; SAS: The total score is 46 and the standard score is 58. Suggest mild anxiety.
4.2 Differential diagnosis
The main symptoms of visitors are anxiety, irritability, irritability, inferiority, depression, difficulty in falling asleep and sleep disorders. The evaluation of visitors is: general psychological problems, and the evaluation basis is as follows: (1) According to the three principles of being sick and not getting sick, the visitors' knowledge and behavior are coordinated, their personality is stable, they are self-aware, they take the initiative to seek medical treatment, and they do not show symptoms of mental illness such as hallucinations and delusions, so mental illness can be ruled out; (2) According to the severity standard, although the main symptom of visitors is anxiety, it has not seriously affected social function and logical thinking, and there is no generalization and avoidance. According to the course standard, the course of disease is only over one month. From the perspective of social function, the social function of visitors has not been seriously affected, so anxiety neurosis and serious psychological problems can be ruled out.
5. Etiological analysis
5. 1 biological reasons
Visitors have no organic lesions after hospital examination.
5.2 Social reasons
There are negative life events, such as failing the exam and boyfriend breaking up.
5.3 Psychological reasons
5.3. 1 There are obvious cognitive errors: you feel inferior if you can't compare with your classmates, and you will be looked down upon if you can't get into a good university.
5.3.2 Lack of effective problem-solving behavior patterns: Parents cry and don't go to school if they can't meet their own requirements, and they don't study hard if they can't get into an ideal university, and they don't know how to change.
5.3.3 Being troubled by anxiety, I can't solve it by myself.
5.3.4 There is little communication with classmates in interpersonal relationship, and there is a lack of communication and communication.
5.3.5 Personality: introverted and competitive.
6. Consultation objective and consultation plan
In the atmosphere of mutual respect and equal consultation, consultants and visitors reach an agreement on the consulting objectives and programs agreed by both parties. It mainly involves short-term goals, long-term goals, negotiation methods, responsibilities and rights of both parties, negotiation time and so on.
6. 1 consulting objective
6. 1. 1 Specific goals and short-term goals: relieve anxiety, eliminate sleep disorders, acquire good behavior patterns, overcome inferiority complex, and handle love relationships well.
6. 1.2 ultimate goal and long-term goal: build a reasonable cognitive structure, enhance their self-confidence and enhance their social adaptability; Promote the mental health and development of visitors and realize perfect personality.
6.2 Consulting Theory and Technology
The main problem of visitors is that they are worried that they are not worthy of their graduate boyfriend, so they are anxious and it is difficult to decide whether they should continue to associate. The reason is that I have such a wrong belief: I have always been a loser, my ability is low, I have not been admitted to an ideal university, and I am not good enough, which leads to breaking up with my ex-boyfriend. Visitors have clear thinking, strong desire for help, younger age and easy to change bad cognition. Rational emotional therapy is the most targeted and effective for such problems. Therefore, the whole process should focus on eliminating the wrong cognitive model and establishing a new and reasonable cognitive model, supplemented by relaxation training and empty chair technology, to alleviate their anxiety, solve their inner conflicts and improve their mental outlook.
6.3 Rights and obligations of both parties
6.3. 1 Rights and obligations of helpers: Helpers can choose consultants according to their own wishes; If you are not satisfied with the consultation process, you can ask to change the consultant; The right to know, negotiate and choose the consultation scheme, consultation fee and consultation time; Abide by the relevant provisions of the consulting industry; Abide by and implement the agreed rules of negotiation scheme and negotiation time; Help-seekers should respect the consultant, keep the appointment at the appointed time, and must not be late. If there are special circumstances, they should inform the consultant in advance.
6.3.2 Rights and obligations of consultants: Abide by national laws and regulations and establish equal and friendly consulting relationship with customers. Psychological counselors shall not discriminate against visitors because of gender, age, occupation, nationality, religious beliefs, values and other factors. Let the help-seekers know the nature, characteristics, possible limitations and the rights and obligations of the help-seekers themselves. When working with visitors, psychological counselors should discuss and reach an agreement with them on the main points of their work, and reach a written agreement with them if necessary (such as using certain therapy). No relationship can be established between the consultant and the client except consultation, and no one can use the client's trust in the consultant for personal gain. When the psychological counselor thinks that he is not suitable for consulting the helper, he should clearly explain it to the helper and refer it to other counselors. Psychological counselors always strictly abide by the principle of confidentiality.
7. Consultation process
The consultation process is divided into three stages and six consultations. The first stage is the diagnosis stage, in which a good consultation relationship is established, information is collected, psychological diagnosis is conducted, and consultation objectives are determined. This stage is mainly completed through the first consultation.
The second stage is the consultation stage. First, help visitors analyze and solve problems, change unreasonable cognition, eliminate anxiety, rebuild confidence in themselves, and bravely face the problem of love. This stage is mainly completed through the second, third, fourth and fifth consultations. Introduce the basic principle of rational emotional therapy to visitors, find their unreasonable cognition with visitors, assign homework, and let visitors argue with unreasonable cognition; Explore effective coping styles with visitors, improve their behavior, be brave in communicating with classmates and friends, and guide visitors to actively deal with the love problem with their boyfriends.
The third stage is the consolidation end stage. Visitors can apply what they have learned in consultation to their future lives, constantly improve their personality and improve their mental health. This stage is completed through the sixth consultation, which encourages visitors to apply ABC theory to all aspects of life and promote self-growth.
8. Evaluation of consulting effect
8. 1 visitor evaluation
Visitors feel that they have finally found themselves, and their sleep difficulties and anxiety have vanished. They become confident and feel that their hearts are full and their lives are meaningful.
8.2 Consultant evaluation
Through the return visit and follow-up, the consultation achieved the expected goal, eliminated Chen Mou's anxiety, solved the sleep problem, changed the original cognitive model, enhanced self-confidence and improved the ability to adapt to society. At the same time, my love relationship with my graduate boyfriend has also developed very well. I am going to review and plan to take a correspondence course next year.
References:
[1] Guo Nianfeng. Basic knowledge of national vocational qualification training textbooks [M]. Beijing: Ethnic Publishing House, 2005.
[2] Guo Nianfeng. National Vocational Qualification Training Textbook Psychological Counselor II [M]. Beijing: Ethnic Publishing House, 2005.
[3] Guo Nianfeng. Three-level teaching material of national vocational qualification training for psychological counselors [M]. Beijing: Ethnic Publishing House, 2005.