Zhi Zhi then has a decision, then he can be quiet, then he can be quiet, then he can be safe, then he can think about it, and then he can get it. Things start and end, and things end. If you know the order, you will find a shortcut.
If the ancient desire is obviously superior to the world, rule the country first; If you want to govern your country, you should first get your family together; If you want to reunite with your family, you should first repair your body; If you want to cultivate yourself, you should be upright first; If you want to be correct, be sincere first; If you want to be sincere, let him know first. Knowledge exists in things. Everyone knows everything, everyone knows it and is sincere, sincere and upright, upright and upright, well-trained and well-groomed, well-groomed and well-governed, well-groomed and well-governed. From Tian Zi to Shu Ren, one is based on self-cultivation.
Its origin is chaotic, but the last one is not. Thick is thin, thin is thick, and there is nothing.
Translation:
The purpose of the university is to carry forward the aboveboard moral character, make people love and understand, and make people reach the most perfect state.
Only by knowing what you should achieve can you have a firm ambition; With determination, you can be calm and calm; Only when you are calm can you feel at ease; Only when you feel at ease can you think carefully; Thoughtful thinking can achieve the most perfect state.
Everything has roots and branches, and everything has a beginning and an end. Knowing this truth from beginning to end is close to the law of development of things.
In ancient times, if you want to carry forward the aboveboard character in the world, you must first manage your own country; To govern the country well, we must first govern the family and clan; If you want to manage your family and family well, you must first cultivate your own character; If you want to cultivate your character, you must first correct your mentality; If you want to correct your heart, you must first make your heart sincere; If you want to make your ideas sincere, you must first acquire knowledge; The way to acquire knowledge is to know and study everything. Knowledge can only be acquired through the understanding and research of everything; Only after acquiring knowledge can the mind be sincere; Sincere heart, square heart; With a correct mind, we can cultivate our own character; Only through the cultivation of character can we manage the family and family well; Only when the family and clan are well managed can the country be well managed; Only when the country is well governed can the world be peaceful.
From the head of state to the ordinary people, everyone should take self-cultivation as the foundation. If this is fundamentally disturbed, it is impossible for families, families, countries and the world to be well governed. You can't put the cart before the horse, and you want to do a good job regardless of priorities!
This is called grasping the root, and this is called the apex of knowledge.
2. The whole chapter of "University" is translated as follows: The purpose of a university is to carry forward the aboveboard morality, make people innovate and reach the most perfect state.
Only by knowing what you should achieve can you be firm; With determination, you can be calm and calm; Only when you are calm can you feel at ease; Only when you feel at ease can you think of glory; Only by thinking about glory can we gain something. Everything has roots and branches, and everything has a beginning and an end.
Knowing this truth from beginning to end is close to the law of development of things. In ancient times, if you want to carry forward the aboveboard character in the world, you must first manage your own country; To govern the country well, we must first govern the family and clan; If you want to manage your family and family well, you must first cultivate your own character; If you want to cultivate your character, you must first correct your mentality; If you want to correct your heart, you must first make your heart sincere; If you want to make your ideas sincere, you must first acquire knowledge; The way to acquire knowledge is to know and study everything.
Knowledge can only be acquired through the understanding and research of everything; Only after acquiring knowledge can the mind be sincere; Sincere heart, square heart; With a correct mind, we can cultivate our own character; Only through the cultivation of character can we manage the family and family well; Only when the family and clan are well managed can the country be well managed; Only when the country is well governed can the world be peaceful. From the head of state to the common people, everyone should be self-cultivation-oriented.
If this is fundamentally disturbed, it is impossible for families, families, countries and the world to be well governed. You can't put the cart before the horse, and you want to do a good job regardless of priorities! "Gao Kang" said: "It can carry forward the bright character."
"Tai Jia" said: "I don't forget the nature of this light." Yao Dian said: "It can carry forward lofty morality."
These are all to promote their aboveboard character. The motto of King Shang Tang carved on the bathtub is: "If you can update it every day, you should keep updating it every day."
Gao Kang said: "Encourage people to abandon the old and absorb new ideas." The Book of Songs said: "Although the Zhou Dynasty was an old country, it was endowed with a new destiny."
Therefore, people with high moral character have nowhere to pursue perfection. The Book of Songs says: "The capital and its surroundings are places that people yearn for."
The Book of Songs also said: "The yellow bird is called Mianman and lives on the mountain." Confucius said, "Even the yellow bird knows where it should live. Can people be inferior to a bird? " The Book of Songs says: "A king of letters with high moral character is always aboveboard, solemn and cautious."
To be a monarch, be kind; To be a courtier, be respectful; Children should be filial; Father should be kind; When dealing with people, you should keep your word. The Book of Songs says: "Look at the curved bank of the water, with lush green bamboo.
There are gentle gentlemen who study the knowledge of processing bone implements and learn from each other constantly; Self-cultivation is like polishing beautiful jade and pondering it over and over again. He is solemn, cheerful and handsome.
Such a gentle gentleman is really unforgettable! "Here," like processing bone tools, keep learning "refers to the attitude of learning; Here, "polishing beautiful jade, pondering repeatedly" refers to the spirit of self-cultivation; To say that he is "solemn and cheerful" means that he is cautious and timid; To say that he is "handsome" means that he is dignified; Say, "Such a gentle gentleman is unforgettable!" "It shows that his moral character is very noble and has reached the most perfect state, so it is unforgettable. The Book of Songs says, "Ah, the kings of the previous generation are really unforgettable!" This is because the monarchs and nobles can follow the example of the previous kings and respect the sages to be close to their loved ones, while the ordinary people are also favored, enjoy happiness and gain benefits.
Therefore, although the former kings have all passed away, people will never forget them. Confucius said: "I, like others, listen to the lawsuit in order to try the case and prevent it from happening again."
Call for grasping the root, so that people who hide the real situation dare not say sweet words, which makes people fear. This is called grasping the root, and this is called the apex of knowledge.
Making your heart sincere means not deceiving yourself. Just as you hate rancid smells, you should love beautiful women, and everything comes from the heart.
Therefore, people with high moral character must be cautious even when they are alone. People with low moral character do evil in private, but when they see people with high moral character, they hide their evil deeds and brag about them.
As we all know, others see themselves as clearly as you see your heart, lungs and liver. What's the use of covering it up? This is called inner truth, and it will definitely show up externally. Therefore, people with high moral character must be cautious even when they are alone.
Ceng Zi said, "Isn't it scary to watch with ten eyes and point with ten fingers?" ? ! "Wealth can decorate houses, but morality can cultivate body and mind and make Shu Tai people open-minded and healthy. Therefore, people with high moral character must make their ideas sincere.
It is said that to cultivate self-cultivation, we must first correct our mentality, because anger can't correct our mentality; With fear, it is impossible to be right; With preference, it is impossible to be correct; You can't be right if you have concerns. A bad heart is like a heart that is not on you: although you are looking, you don't seem to see it; Although listening, I don't seem to hear it; Although I am eating, I don't know what it tastes like.
Therefore, to cultivate self-cultivation, we must first correct our mentality. The reason why we should cultivate ourselves before running a family and family is because people have a preference for their loved ones; There will be partial hatred for people you hate; Be biased against those who are afraid of themselves; Will be biased against those who sympathize with themselves; You will be prejudiced against people you despise.
So few people can love a person and see his shortcomings, and hate a person to see his advantages. Therefore, there is a proverb: "No one knows the bad of his children, and no one is satisfied with the good of his crops."
This is why you can't manage your family and family well without self-cultivation. The reason why a country should first manage its own family and clan is because there are no people who can discipline others without discipline, so they are cultivated.
3. Biography of Wei Zhi. In 2008, Zou Ji repaired more than eight feet, and Zou Ji repaired more than eight feet, which looked beautiful. He looked at his clothes and said to his wife, "Who are Xu Hongmei and me in the north of the city?" His wife said, "You are very beautiful. How can Gong be as good as Gong Ye! " Xu Gong in the north of the city, a beauty of Qi, asked his concubine, "Who am I, Xu Gongmei?" My concubine said, "Where can I compare with you?" ? The next day, a guest came from outside, sat next to him and asked him, "Who is more beautiful than ordinary people?" " ? " The guest said, "Xu Gong is not as beautiful as you!" Tomorrow, Xu Hui will come. Who saw it and felt inferior; Looking at yourself in the mirror is just as far away. At dusk, I thought, "My wife is beautiful and I am private; The beauty of my concubine is afraid of me; The guest is beautiful and wants something from me. " So he went to the court to see Wang Wei and said, "I honestly know that Xu Hongmei is not as good as my wife and my concubine is afraid of me. What all my guests want from me, beauty is better than Xu Gong. Today, thousands of miles away, the city is 120, and the ladies are surrounded by private kings; Courtiers are not afraid of kings; Within four borders, there is nothing but the king. As a result, the king is very sheltered! " Wang Yue said, "Kindness" (selected from Zou Ji's satire on coachable, King of Qi). Emperor Taizong ascended the throne and made great efforts (1) to introduce politics (2) in order to gain gains and losses. (3) Enlighten elegance; (4) Have the talent to govern the country, and dare to speak unyieldingly. Emperor Taizong accepted it without hesitation. (Excerpted from Biography of Wei Zhi in Old Tang Dynasty) Note 1 Cheer up: Cheer up and devote yourself to a career or work. ② Politics: the strategy of governing the country. ③ elegance: total ④ quietness: cure ⑤ fatigue: comfort 13. Explain the words added in the following sentences. (4 points) (l) Which one do you have in mind () (2) Beauty is better than Xu Gong () (3) It's embarrassing to seal the king () (4) Thinking. I also translated: 15. For the description of the two ministers, the first article is "Wang Yue: Good" and the second article corresponds to this sentence. (2 points) 16. As ministers, what are the differences between Zou Ji and Wei Zhi in remonstrating Qi Weiwang and Emperor Taizong? (3 points) A: 17. After the death of Wei Zhi, why did Emperor Taizong send out "taking copper as a mirror, you can dress your clothes;" Looking at the past as a mirror, we can see the rise and fall; Take people as a mirror, you can know the gains and losses. Wei Zhi didn't, I died in the mirror "? (2 points) Answer: 13. (4 points) (1) As with "familiarity", think carefully (2) (3) be cheated (4) finish and do (give a correct answer to L) 14. (2 points) My wife thinks I am beautiful. ) acceptable (answer "gladly" acceptable) 16. (3 points) There is no unified answer. Example: Zou Ji is good at using small things in life and using euphemisms such as metaphors and hints to reason; When Wei Zhi remonstrated with Emperor Taizong, he did his best, knowing everything and having no scruples. (Points: ① Metaphor, suggestion or euphemism, 2 points. (2) do your best to know everything without scruple. Still "dare to speak out", 1 point. 17. (2 points) None. He is a loyal minister and a virtuous minister, so he can win the esteem and love of the enlightened Emperor Taizong, although he sometimes makes some harsh suggestions. (Key points: ① Answer "Emperor Taizong's thoughts and feelings about Wei Zhi" and get L points; (2) Answer "Wei Zhi is a loyal minister who dares to tell the truth", and get L points. As long as you think hard, you can do it. ) Mr. Dai Zhennan has been able to talk for a long time and has been studying for thousands of years. He refused to rest. He awarded "University Chapters and Sentences" to the next chapter of "Right Classic" and asked the teacher, "How do you know that Confucius said this or Ceng Zi said it?" Why do you know this is Ceng Zi's words, and people still remember it? "Teachers should say" is what Zhu Wengong said. "He asked," When was Zhu Wengong? " After all, people are in Song Dynasty. ""When were Confucius and Ceng Zi? " He said, "People from the Zhou Dynasty." "When was there a geometric difference between the Zhou Dynasty and the Song Dynasty?" Say, "Thousands of years." "But how did Zhu Wengong know? The teacher didn't respond and said, "This is unusual. "8. The words added in the following sentences have the same meaning (3 points). A. Mr. Wang was a talker when he was young/but he didn't know how to have a Chinese. B. The teacher should say/shouldn't hate C. When the Zhou Dynasty and the Song Dynasty were in geometric difference, he burned his bridges and tried his best to go to D. How did he know that he meant Ceng Zi and was remembered by his master? Reading and reciting thousands of words every day, I still don't want to stop. B. Ask the teacher: "How is this called Confucius? How did Ceng Zi describe it?" (Dai Zhen) asked Mr. Sishu: "How do you know that these words were said by Confucius and recorded by Ceng Zi? "C said," A thousand years. "(Mr. Xue) said," Almost two thousand years. "D." But how did Zhu Wengong know? "However, how did Zhu Wengong know that? 10. The following understanding and analysis of this article is incorrect (3 points). A. Dai Zhen can talk very late, but he is smart enough to recite all the articles he read with his teacher. Dai Zhen is not only diligent, but also curious. He likes to get to the bottom of things he doesn't understand. C. Mr. Xue was puzzled by Dai Zhen's question. Not only did he not, but he also praised him and said, "You are really an unusual child. "D. Dai Zhen should be a teacher when he was a child, not a book, think independently, dare to question, and be worth learning. +0 1. The following three descriptions of China classics are correct (3 points). A. Luo Guanzhong created Liu Bei, Sun Quan and Cao Cao in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms with the standpoint that the world belongs to the Han family. B "The emperors take turns to do it, and come to my house next year" is an impassioned sentence that Li Kui jy, a black whirlwind in Water Margin, said to Song Jiang after he came to Dan Liang. C. "In all directions * * * domains, surnames are different. Regardless of rank, "this is the ideal world sung by Wu Cheng'en in The Journey to the West. D. Stone monkey, the Monkey King, Bi, the Monkey King, the Monkey King, Sun Walker and God of War Buddha are all titles of the Monkey King in The Journey to the West. Reference answer and grading standard: 8.d9.d10.c11.