French education underwent two major reforms in 1950s and 1960s, and gradually formed a unique, complex and diverse education system. 6 ~ 16 years old is compulsory education. Public primary and secondary schools are free of tuition fees, and primary and secondary school textbooks are provided free of charge. Except for private schools, colleges and universities generally pay only a small registration fee. Primary education lasts for 5 years, and the enrollment rate is 100%. Secondary education includes general education and vocational education. General secondary education is divided into two stages: junior high school and senior high school, with a schooling period of 7 years, 4 years and 3 years respectively. Secondary vocational and technical education has developed rapidly, mainly including four types and levels: technical high school, vocational high school, artist training center and pre-vocational education adaptation class. Higher education is divided into four categories: comprehensive universities, higher professional colleges, higher technical schools and scientific research and education institutions that undertake teaching tasks. In the 2011-2012 school year, there were 52,937 primary schools in France,1/358 middle schools, 83 universities, 226 famous schools and all kinds of students15/kloc-. In 20 13 years, there were * * *10/66,000 teaching staff, including 910.2 million teachers and 254,000 administrative and technical personnel.

Famous universities in France include: University of Paris, University of Grenoble I, University of Strasbourg I, University of Lille I, University of Lyon I, Polytechnic University, National School of Administration, Paris Higher Business School, Paris Higher Teachers College, etc. Paris University is the oldest and largest comprehensive university in France. It was formed at the beginning of13rd century. After many reorganizations and adjustments, it is now divided into 13 colleges and universities with about 300,000 students. As the Sorbonne Building is the main campus of the school, Sorbonne has become synonymous with Paris University.

But what is more famous is the "Grande Ecole" in France, which is generally called an institution of higher learning. After passing the senior high school entrance examination, ordinary high school graduates still need to study in preparatory classes for more than two years before they can take the examination with high elimination rate and enter colleges and universities. Colleges and universities implement a three-year academic system, and the diploma is equivalent to a master's degree. Most French business and scientific leaders come from such institutions. Among them, the most outstanding ones are: Paris Higher Normal School, Polytechnic University, Paris University of Mining and Technology, Paris Central University, etc.

France is a country with high welfare. The social insurance system was founded in 1945, and it is developing well now. The total expenditure on social security is 600 billion euros. The funds mainly come from social insurance premiums paid by employees and employers and ordinary social taxes levied on extra-wage income. The scope of protection includes pensions, retirement pensions, medical insurance premiums, family allowances, unemployment benefits and subsidies for the disabled. Due to the aging population and other problems, the government's finances are gradually overwhelmed, and the retirement system reform and medical insurance reform have been carried out many times to reduce the national financial burden. In September of 20 13, Premier Ero announced the latest retirement reform proposal, aiming at ensuring the normal operation of the old-age insurance system by increasing the basic old-age insurance premiums for employees and employers before 2020 and extending the payment period after 2020, thus balancing the government's revenue and expenditure. France has implemented the minimum standard wage system for a long time, and the minimum wage has been 1430.22 euros per month since February 20 12. The per capita national income is about 365,438+0,830 euros. In 20 13, there were 2,685 medical and health institutions in China, with nearly 480,000 inpatient beds. Every 65,438+million people can enjoy the services of 333 doctors, 62 dentists, 137 midwives and12 pharmacists.