Florida

Abbreviation FL

The definition of state name comes from Spanish, which means "a place with many flowers"?

Nicknamed Sunshine State ("Sunshine State")

It covers an area of 58,560 square miles (ranked 22nd in the United States).

Population 16, 7 13, 149 (ranked fourth in the United States).

Ethnic composition: 65.4% are white, 65,438+04.6% are black, 65,438+06.8% are Hispanic, and 3.2% are others.

Tallahassee, the capital.

Jacksonville, the largest city.

The date of statehood is1March 3, 845 (the 27th state in the United States) (186 1 announced its withdrawal from the Federation, 1868 rejoined).

We believe in God's motto.

State flower orange flower

Robin (robin)

National animal jaguar

Zhouguo orange

Specialty citrus, vegetables, sugar cane, phosphate, hurricane.

Climate subtropical humid climate

Political parties, democratic parties and * * parties are evenly matched.

Florida is the southernmost state in the United States. Including the Florida Peninsula, the narrow strip near the Gulf of Mexico in the northwest and coral reefs on the south coast. Don't call it the sunshine state. Area152,000 km2. The population is 13003400 (1990). The urban population accounts for about 84.3%. Tallahassee, the capital.

The coastline is1.350km (8,200km along the Gulf Coast and 5,300km along the Atlantic Coast), second only to Alaska. The terrain is low and flat, and most areas belong to the coastal plains of the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico, with an average elevation of less than 35 meters. The highest point is located in Walton County in the northwest, only105m. Karst landform is developed and there are many dissolved lakes. Subtropical humid climate, the average monthly temperature is 1.5℃, the average July temperature is 27℃, and the average annual precipitation is 1000 ~ 1500mm. The forest coverage rate is 67%.

It was originally a settlement of Indians. 15 13, the Spanish came here, 1565, and the first permanent white settlement in the United States was established near St. Augustine. /kloc-Before the 0/9th century, it was occupied by Spain, France and Britain. 18 19 belongs to the United States. /kloc-joined the Federation in 0/845, becoming the 27th state in the United States. In the early days, agricultural activities were the main activities. 1880 railway access, rapid economic development. After the 20th century, tourism and manufacturing industry leapt to the leading position in the economy.

Tourism, manufacturing and agriculture are the three pillars of the economy. Tourism is the first pillar of the economy. Miami, which is close to the Atlantic coast, is called the Gold Coast. It has luxurious beaches and numerous hotels, and is a gathering place for tourists. Disneyland near Orlando is the largest modern amusement park in the world. The largest sector in the manufacturing industry is food processing, followed by electronics, instruments, wood processing, chemistry, paper making and metal products. Manufacturing centers include Jacksonville, Orlando and Miami. The mining industry is dominated by phosphate mining, accounting for 75% of the country's annual output. In addition, there are titanium, iron, petroleum, peat, limestone and other mining sectors. Agriculture is mainly based on planting, and it is one of the major orchards and horticultural states. Citrus production accounts for 75% of the country, vegetable production is second only to California, and sugarcane production is the first in all States. Animal husbandry is famous for raising thoroughbred horses. Coastal and inland fisheries are developed, with more than 700 species of fish and shellfish. The main forest products are pine, cypress and rosin.

Land, sea and air transportation are developed, and the key West Sea Cross-sea Highway is 250 kilometers long, which is the longest cross-sea highway in the world. Jacksonville is the railway transportation center of the state. Miami International Airport is known as the aviation hub of the United States. There are many deep-water ports along the Gulf of Mexico in the west, which is a strategic place for the United States to lead to Central and South America. The state has federal naval and air bases and naval training centers. Cape Canaveral (also known as Cape Kennedy) on the Atlantic coast is the launch center of NASA and the only spaceport in the world that landed on the moon, where the first spacecraft was launched. There are many famous institutions of higher learning.

history

Florida was inhabited thousands of years before Europeans arrived there.

15 13 On April 2nd, it was Easter, and Spanish navigators discovered this new continent. It's called La Florida (Spanish means "land of Easter").

Subsequently, Spanish and French colonists gradually established territory in Florida Peninsula. Among them, Pensacola established in 1559 and St. Augustine established in 1565 became the earliest European settlements in North America. Pensacola and St Augustine also became the capitals of West Florida and East Florida under Spanish rule at that time. /kloc-in the 0 th and 7 th centuries, Spanish colonists successfully occupied the entire Florida Peninsula and its vicinity.

/kloc-In the late 8th century, the Spanish-owned Florida area was reduced due to the French Louisiana in the west, the colonies of 13 British North American countries in the north and the subsequent invasion of the independent United States. 18 19, Spain signed a treaty with the United States to cede Florida, Spain, to the United States in exchange for the United States recognizing Spain's interests in Texas.

Florida, which joined the federal government of the United States of America, officially became the 27th state of the United States on March 3rd, 1845. However, in the1860s, the American Civil War broke out and Florida broke away from the Federation. February 186 1, joined the United States of America against the "Federation". 1865 America was defeated,1Florida rejoined the federal government on June 25th, 868.

Human population

In the 2003 census, there were 65,438+07,065,438+09,068 people in Florida. In ...

65.4% are white

14.6% is African-American.

16.8% Hispanic

1.7% are Asian Americans.

0.3% are indigenous Indians.

2.4% mixed-race children

Among the ancestors of Florida residents, African-Americans are the most (14.6%), followed by Germans (1 1.8%), Irish (10.3%), British (9.2%) and Americans (/kloc).

Religiously, there are many Protestants in Florida, but with the addition of Hispanic immigrants, the proportion of Roman Catholicism is gradually increasing. The following is the belief ratio of Florida population.

60% Protestants

23% Roman Catholics

2% other Christians of other Christian denominations

4% of other religions (mainly Jews)

8% are not religious

Among the Protestants in Florida, the proportion of various denominations is different, among which Baptist Church is the highest (22%), Methodist Church (8%) and Presbyterian Church (4%).

Scenic spot

Palm Beach is the most beautiful scenic spot in Florida and a world-famous tourist paradise. Even the most discerning tourists can be satisfied in Palm Beach, because it has a suitable climate, beautiful beaches, exquisite food, art exhibitions and cultural performances. Every April, the artistic activities in Palm Beach are the most colorful, including various beach crafts exhibitions. The Palm Beach Jazz Festival, which was launched on April 4, won the honor of art lovers by displaying the most outstanding jazz music in the United States.

Important city

Major cities: Jacksonville, Miami, Fort Lauderdale, Orlando, Tampa, St. Petersburg, key west, key west, Tallahassee, Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral.

education

public university

University of Florida

Florida State University

Florida A&M University; M university

Florida Atlantic University, Florida Atlanta University

florida international university

university of central florida

university of north florida

university of south florida

University of West Florida

private university

Anbury-Riddle Aviation University, Aberdeen Aviation University

University of Miami (University of Miami)

Florida Southern University

Rollins college

schiller international university

Stetson University (Stetson University)

Tampa University

Jacksonville University.

Professional sports

American football

National football league

Jacksonville jaguars

Miami Dolphin (Miami Dolphin)

Tampa bay buccaneers, Tampa Bay.

National collegiate athletic association (USA)

Florida State University /FSU (Minor)

University of Florida) (Crocodiles)

University of Miami (hurricane, "cane")

baseball

MLB major league

Devil fish in Tampa Bay

Florida marlin (Florida marlin)

Little league

Jacksonville Suns (2A League team, home team: Los Angeles Dodgers)

Palm beach cardinals (high level 1A Florida league, parent team: St. Louis cardinals)

Tampa Yankees (high level 1A Florida League, parent team: new york Yankees)

Sarasota Red Star (Sarasota Red Star, high level 1A Florida League, parent team: Cincinnati Red Star)

Miracle of Fort Myers (high level 1A Florida League, home team: Minnesota Twin Cities)

Lakeland tigers (high level 1A Florida league, parent team: Detroit tigers)

Dunedin Bluebird (High Level 1A Florida League, Home Team: toronto blue jays)

Clearwater Sharks (high level 1A Florida League, parent team: Philadelphia)

Cupid Hammer (high grade 1A Florida League, home team: Florida Marlins)

San Lucie Mets (high level 1A Florida League, parent team: new york Mets)

Vero Beach Dodgers (high level 1A Florida League, parent team: Los Angeles Dodgers)

Bu Rivard County Manatee (high level 1A Florida League, parent team: Milwaukee Brewers)

Daytona Cubs (high level 1A Florida League, parent team: Chicago Cubs)

Gulf Coast Union (new member)

East zone north zone south zone

Dodge warrior pirate

National Philadelphia Red Sox

Marlin, Tiger and Red Man

Mets Yankees Twin Cities

basketball

American men's professional basketball league

miami heat

Orlando magic

ice hockey

The National Hockey League.

Florida Panthers, Florida.

Tampa Bay Lightning

traffic

Important airport

Orlando International Airport (MCO)

Miami International Airport

Tampa International Airport (TPA)

Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL)

Important expressway

Major highways

I-4

I 10

interstate 75

interstate 95

Secondary expressway

Id number 1 10

I 175

I 195

Interstate 275

Interstate 295

Interstate 375

Interstate 395

Interstate 595