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Problems existing in chemical primary batteries in colleges and universities
Primary battery: positive electrode = negative electrode half-cell reaction: Cu2++2e-> Cu

EC = Eo+0.02963 log[Cu2+]= 0.337+0.02963 log 1 = 0.337V

Negative electrode = positive electrode half cell reaction: 2h++2e-> H2( 1 atm)

ea = Eo+0.05926 log[H+]=-0.05926 ph

The electromotive force of the battery = EC-EA = 0.337+0.05926 pH = 0.48 V.

Therefore, pH=2.4 1.

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0.52 1 V is Cu++e->; Electrode potential of copper.