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Mencius was born about 100 years before the death of Confucius (479 BC) and lived from 372 BC to 289 BC. He is a descendant of the nobility of Lu. History after the decline,
One moved from Lu to Zou, and this is the ancestor of Mencius. Historical Records Biography of Mencius and Xun Qing said that Mencius was a "educated and thoughtful man"; Mencius didn't mention the name of his teacher, but said, "If you can't be a Confucius, you can be a private scholar." Since the Han dynasty, it has been controversial who he was employed by. First, he thinks he should learn from Zisi, second, he should learn from Zisi, and third, he should learn from Zisi's disciples.
Step 2 Lobby Song Qi
Mencius inherited Confucius' theory of benevolent governance and was a very ambitious politician. As a keen thinker, Mencius realized the characteristics and trends of the times and constructed his own theory during the war when the vassal states joined Lian Heng.
Like Confucius, he tried to transform Confucian political theory and idea of governing the country into concrete idea of governing the country and put it into practice around the world. At that time, various thinkers lobbied the rulers of various countries in order to realize their political opinions. In this social background, Mencius began to travel around the world, lobbying among monarchs and propagating his political views.
3. Go to Wei.
Mencius saw clearly that Teng Guo's own life was at stake, and it was impossible to carry out his political ideas. In the fifteenth year of Liang Huiwang (320 BC), he left Tengguo for Wei. At this time, Mencius was 53 years old.
King Hui met Mencius and asked, "Hey, is it good for the country to come from afar?" Mencius was most opposed to the monarch saying "profit", so he replied, "King, why talk about profit? Only benevolence and righteousness. "
4. Run together for the second time
In the second year of Qi Xuanwang (3 18 BC), Mencius visited Qi again and was treated with courtesy. When Qi Xuanwang met Mencius, he asked, "Can you smell Qi Huan and Jin Wen?" Mencius replied, "Zhong Ni's followers don't know what to say or write, but those in the future don't know. If there is nothing, it is king! "
Qi Xuanwang hopes to follow the example of Qi Huangong and Jin Wengong. Mencius' political proposition is to follow the example of the "former king" and implement "benevolent government". His principles of "protecting the people as kings" and "controlling people's property", although noting the long-term interests of the feudal landlord class, are not the top priority of "enriching Qiang Bing", so they are regarded as a "conservative and ignorant world".
5. Go to Song Helu.
Soon, Mencius left Song State for Lu State. At this time, Lu (reigned from about 322 BC to 302 BC) was ready to put Mencius' disciple Le Zhengzi in power.
Lu is going to visit Mencius because Zangcang, his favorite junior minister, spoke ill of Mencius and changed his mind. Le Zhengzi told Mencius this story. Mencius said with great emotion, "It's a pity that I didn't meet Lv Hou. How can Zang's son make it difficult for him? " Mencius was over sixty years old, so he returned to his hometown, Zouguo, and stopped traveling.
Second, a brief introduction of Mencius.
Mencius (about 3765438 BC+0 BC-289 BC), Ji surnamed Meng, surnamed Ke, with unknown font size (the words "and" Zi Ju "were all from fake books or invented by later generations), and Zou Guo (now Zoucheng City, Shandong Province) was a Warring States.
A famous philosopher, thinker, politician and educator in the Warring States period, one of the representatives of Confucianism, was second only to Confucius, and was also called "Confucius and Mencius" with Confucius. Advocating "benevolent government", he first put forward the idea that "the people are more expensive than the monarch".
Extended data:
According to historical records, Mencius has seven masterpieces handed down from generation to generation, while according to Han Art and literature, there are eleven. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhao Qi said that Mencius had four foreign books: Sexual Argumentation, Wen Shuo, Xiao Jing and Kevin·Z, and eleven books should be added to seven. Zhao Qi thinks that the contents of the four foreign books are superficial and inconsistent with the internal books, which should be written by future generations.
Mencius, which has been handed down to this day, was said by Zhao Qi. Although this book was not written by Mencius, it was recorded by Mencius' disciples, and all this is undoubtedly Mencius' words and deeds. As can be seen from the book, Mencius has the following remarks and thoughts: in terms of human nature, he advocates the theory of goodness. I think people are born with four virtues: benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom. People can maintain and expand it through internal ellipsis, otherwise they will lose these good qualities.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Mencius (one of the representatives of Confucianism)