Gao Hong (1965438+June 26, 2008-June 65438+June 4, 2003), a native of Jingyang, Shaanxi, was one of the founders of modern instrumental analysis in China, an analytical chemist, educator and academician of China Academy of Sciences. 1943 graduated from the Department of Chemistry of National Central University, 1945 went to the University of Illinois to major in analytical chemistry, 1947 received a doctorate in chemistry, and stayed there. 1948 returned to China in February. He has served as an associate professor in the Department of Chemistry of National Central University, an associate professor, a professor and a tenured professor of Nanjing University, and was identified as the first batch of doctoral supervisors in China. 1980111was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences in October. He is good at instrumental analysis, especially at electrochemical analysis. Outstanding achievements have been made in the study of basic theories, new technologies and new methods of modern polarographic analysis. He has published nearly 300 papers and 4 academic monographs, and won many national awards such as the National Science Conference Award, the National Natural Science Award and the National Excellent Book Award.
Chinese name: Gao Hong
Nationality: China.
Ethnic group: Han nationality
Place of birth: Jingyang, Shaanxi
Date of birth:1965438+June 26th, 2008.
Date of death: 20 13,1June 4.
Occupation: chemist, educator
Graduate school: Department of Chemistry, Central University.
Main achievements: One of the founders of modern instrumental analysis in China.
National experts with outstanding contributions
Senior Academician of China Academy of Sciences
Tenured professors at Northwest University and Nanjing University.
Representative works: polarographic current theory, instrumental analysis, etc.
Personal experience
Professor Gao Hong is one of the leaders of analytical chemistry in China, the founder of modern instrumental analysis in China, and a well-known analytical chemist and educator at home and abroad.
Mr. Gao graduated from the Chemistry Department of Central University in his early years, and then went to study in the United States. Received a doctorate from the University of Illinois 1947. /kloc-returned to China in 0/948 and taught in Central University, Nanjing University and Northwest University successively. He was the first batch of doctoral supervisors approved by the State Council Academic Degrees Committee, and 1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences. He is the first batch of national experts with outstanding contributions and the first batch of senior academicians with glorious titles. Now he is a professor at Nanjing University and Northwest University, director of the Institute of Analytical Science and concurrently director of academic degree evaluation committee.
personal record
Gao Hong 19 18 was born in Jingyang County, Shaanxi Province. Gao Hong's father Gao Jiwei participated in the Revolution of 1911 and worked under the leadership of Mr. Yu Youren. Later, Gao Jiwei was appointed as the county magistrate by the revolutionary army and was ambushed by the enemy on his way to his post. Gao Hong was less than one year old when his father died unexpectedly. Since then, he and his mother have lived together. During Gao Hong's childhood, there were frequent wars, famines, locusts, cholera and other disasters in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province. When Gao Hong recalled his childhood, he mentioned a war he experienced in June 1927+00. At that time, Feng Yuxiang's troops besieged Jingyang for a month, known as "one army besieged the city", and another army outside the city waited for an opportunity to enter the city, and the two armies started hand-to-hand combat. At that time, Gao Hong and his mother had moved into the county, and the main battlefields of the two armies were near the house rented by the mother and son. As far as the naked eye can see, there are bloody fragments and bodies everywhere.
Although the environment was so difficult, under the care of his loving mother, Gao Hong successfully finished primary school and entered middle school. When Gao Hong 15 years old, his mother died of overwork and entrusted him to his uncle before his death. After his mother died, Gao Hong followed his uncle's family to Nanjing. After that, he studied in middle schools in Nanjing, Yangzhou and Xi 'an. 1938, Gao Hong was admitted to the National Central University of Chongqing, 1943 stayed on as a teacher after graduation. At the end of 1943, Gao Hong passed the first self-funded examination for studying in the United States sponsored by the Ministry of Education and entered the University of Illinois. 1947 Gao Hong received a doctorate in chemistry and stayed as a teaching assistant. 1948 After working in February, due to changes in the domestic situation, Gao Hong terminated his unexpired work contract and hurried back to China to teach at Central University (now Nanjing University). In his later years, Gao Hong said with deep feelings when talking about the choice of that year: "Although Liangyuan is good, it is not a place to stay for a long time. I should serve my motherland and my compatriots. My career is in the motherland. "
Gao Hong is from Jingyang, Shaanxi. Born in Jingyang, Shaanxi Province on June 26th, 2008, 19 1943 graduated from the Chemistry Department of Central University with excellent academic performance. 1947 received his doctorate from the University of Illinois. Since its establishment, People's Republic of China (PRC) has served as a professor of Nanjing University, director of the Institute of Environmental Sciences, member of the Standing Committee of the Department of Chemistry of China Academy of Sciences, member of the first and second academic evaluation teams of the State Council Academic Degrees Committee, the second1executive director of chinese chemical society, the first executive director of China Environment Society, the first vice chairman of China Analytical Instruments Society, and a member of the Electroanalytical Chemistry Committee of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Member of China Democratic League. He has been engaged in the research of basic theories, new methods and new technologies of electroanalytical chemistry for a long time, especially the basic theory of polarographic analysis. In the study of hanging mercury electrode, the theory of amalgam diffusion current, the measurement method of metal diffusion coefficient in mercury and the diffusion formula of metal in mercury are put forward. The current equations of various electrode processes in various branches of polarography are derived and verified by experiments, which clarify some controversial issues. Oscillographic analysis method has been systematically studied and developed, which has opened up a new field of analytical chemistry. 1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences. 201603160411:22 died in Nanjing, Jiangsu province at the age of 95.
Mr. Gao is one of the founders of modern instrumental analysis in China, an analytical chemist and educator, a senior academician of China Academy of Sciences, an expert with outstanding national contributions, a member of China Democratic League, a tenured professor of Northwest University and Nanjing University, and a specially invited advisory member of Shaanxi Provincial Government's decision-making advisory committee. Mr. Gao is good at instrumental analysis, especially electrochemical analysis. Outstanding achievements have been made in the study of basic theories, new technologies and new methods of modern polarographic analysis. He has published nearly 300 papers and 4 academic monographs, and won many national awards such as the National Science Conference Award, the National Natural Science Award and the National Excellent Book Award. His academic achievements are mainly manifested in the following aspects:
1. Verified the formula of diffusion current of spherical electrode, and solved the long-standing unsolved problem in polarography. The diffusion current formula of spherical electrode is an important formula in polarography. All previous experiments to verify this formula failed, and authoritative scholars of polarography once asserted that this formula could not be verified. Mr. Gao chose the ascorbic acid oxidation reaction without density gradient on the electrode, which was successfully verified and solved this problem well.
2. The diffusion current formula of spherical amalgam electrode is proposed and calibrated, and a new method for measuring the diffusion coefficient of metals in mercury is proposed. This is the best way in the world at present. These achievements of Mr. Gao were published in 1964, two years earlier than similar formulas and methods proposed by American scientists. After finding the correct determination method, Mr. Gao determined the diffusion coefficient of 16 metal in mercury, and obtained a set of reliable data, which clarified the confusion of the above data caused by the imperfect determination method in the literature, and based on this set of reliable data, obtained the basic formula of metal diffusion in mercury. This paper was published in 1965, which was 10 years earlier than the same conclusion published by Polish colleagues.
3. Some basic theoretical problems in modern polarographic analysis are solved. Mr. Gao strictly handled the important electrode processes of modern polarography, such as linear displacement polarography, square wave polarography and ac polarography, and derived a series of polarographic current formulas, and verified each formula on his own assembled instrument, which contributed to the basic research of polarographic analysis. The achievement of "Basic Research on Modern Polarographic Analysis" won the National Science Conference Award of 1978 and the third prize of 1982 National Natural Science Award. Mr. Gao's academic monograph Polarographic Current Theory (1986) was published by Science Press, which is the first polarographic monograph in China. The book won the first prize of 1988 National Excellent Book.
4. A new field of electrotitration analysis-oscillometric analysis has been opened up. Mr. Gao pioneered a new technology of electrotitration analysis-oscillometric titration, and developed it into a new analytical field. Its appearance changed the backward situation of constant analysis, and it was widely used in chemical analysis, pharmaceutical analysis and other fields, and achieved great success. The results of "Research on Oscillographic Titration" won the second prize of Science and Technology Progress Award of State Education Commission 1986 and the third prize of National Natural Science Award 199 1. This research work has been highly valued by IUPAC Electroanalytical Chemistry Committee, and a professional academic conference was held on 1989 to discuss Mr. Gao's suggestion on the naming and classification method of oscillometric titration. The meeting thought that this method was very useful and should be widely introduced to the west. Mr. Gao's three academic monographs, Oscillopolarographic Titration, Oscillographic Titration and Oscillographic Drug Analysis, were successively published in 1985, 1990 and 1992, respectively, which were the first batch of international monographs on oscillopolarographic analysis in new academic fields, among which the book Oscillographic Titration was awarded the advanced position.
The life of the character
Mr. Gao devoted his life to science education. He is good at using materialist dialectics to predict the development trend of analytical chemistry and analyzing problems in scientific research with contradictory views. As early as 1950s, he pointed out that all the achievements of modern science and technology should be used to solve the problems raised by analytical chemistry. It is considered that analytical chemistry will be a frontier discipline, and the future analytical chemistry should have solid basic knowledge of mathematics, physics and electronics. According to this understanding, he sent young teachers to study mathematics and electronics during his tenure as the director of the analytical chemistry teaching and research section of Nanjing University. These measures have played a great role in the development of analytical chemistry specialty in Nanjing University. Mr. Gao expressed his views on the development trend of analytical chemistry in 1962 National Science Planning Conference and later in more than 20 cities including Beijing, Shanghai, Xining, Changchun, An, Lanzhou, Fuzhou, Wuhan and Urumqi. He predicted that the era of close integration of analytical chemistry with statistics and mathematics was coming. These lectures promoted the development of analytical chemistry in China. The history of analytical chemistry also fully confirmed Mr. Gao's prediction.
Personal realization
In the mid-1950s, China began to implement the first five-year plan, and the country was in urgent need of analytical chemistry talents and instrumental analysis textbooks. In order to meet the needs of national construction, Mr. Gao compiled the first instrumental analysis textbook in China and trained several generations. At present, almost everyone over 50 years old in China chemical industry has read this book. This book has played a role in China, and has also had an impact on colleagues in Taiwan Province Province. Dr. Li Yuanzhe, a Chinese-American scholar who won the Nobel Prize in May 1988, said that books published in mainland China were forbidden to be sold in Taiwan Province Province in the 1950s. He bought Professor Gao Hong's instrument analysis in Japan, and used the residual voltage between the neutral wire and the ground wire as the AC power source for conductometric titration, which was very inspiring to him, so Li Yuanzhe called Professor Gao Hong a teacher. Instrumental Analysis was published in People's Education Press 1964 and Jiangsu Science and Technology Press 1986 respectively. The third edition won 1992 National Excellent Award for the Second Excellent Textbook in Colleges and Universities.
Professor Gao Hong has been engaged in chemistry education for 60 years. He is conscientious, teaching and educating people, and he is tireless. He devoted all his energy to science education in China. 1990 The stone carving given to him by the Ministry of Education reads, "An old horse is always wandering around, aiming at a thousand miles, and there will always be a new road" in recognition of his achievements.
Mr. Gao has also made outstanding contributions to the scientific management of China. He has profound academic attainments and enjoys a high reputation in academic circles. He has been employed by national leading scientific and technological institutions for many times and held various academic positions. In 1962 and 1978, he participated in the formulation of basic disciplines of national scientific planning twice. He has been a member of the Standing Committee of the Chemistry Department of China Academy of Sciences for a long time (1981-kloc-0/992), a member of the first and second academic evaluation groups of the State Council Academic Degrees Committee, a member of the first, second and third academic evaluation groups of the National Natural Science Foundation, and a member of the Analytical Chemistry Group. He has also served as the head of many academic organizations such as chinese chemical society and the standing editorial board, editorial board or consultant of many academic journals such as International Journal of Analytical Chemistry.
Professor Gao Hong is over eighty years old, but he still makes selfless contributions to the cause of science education in China with vigorous energy, unremitting efforts and hard work.