1. Interpretation of matters needing attention in German application for studying abroad
1, the major you studied has a high degree of matching with the major you applied for, which is conducive to your application.
To apply for a master's degree in a German university, the most critical factor is the matching degree between domestic undergraduate courses and German undergraduate courses with the same major. Under normal circumstances, students who apply for a master's degree can apply directly.
If the matching degree is less than 90%, it depends on other hardware conditions of the applicant, such as whether the domestic universities are 2 1 1, and whether the average score of universities is above 80. Generally speaking, students from 2 1 1 in domestic universities have an average score of more than 80 points, so it is no problem to apply for a master's degree in the same major in a German university.
2. Language is very important, and professor's recommendation letter is the highlight.
1)DSH
This kind of examination requires an individual to apply to a German university first. After all aspects are approved, you will go to Germany. No matter what your German level is, you must stay in Germany for one year and enter a designated language school. Take the DSH exam one year later, and if you pass, you can go to the major you want to go to; If you fail, you have to go back to China to go through the formalities. However, there are also test sites in China at present.
2) Telford exam
This kind of examination is held in China and is held in many big cities every year. If it comes out, it will be considered as a pass. The examination fee for Telford Light is RMB 1000! It is much more difficult than DSH, but more economical than DSH.
Of course, if students provide a qualified German grade certificate and English grade certificate at the time of application, and at the same time provide a letter of recommendation written by a domestic university professor, these materials can play a role in adding points to German school applications, which can greatly improve the probability of successful application.
China and Germany both recognize each other's degrees.
1) China's Ministry of Education recognizes that four-year undergraduate or five-year undergraduate graduates have obtained a bachelor's degree certificate.
2) A key university (National Institute of Engineering 2 1 1) graduated from a four-year undergraduate program or a five-year undergraduate program without obtaining a bachelor's degree certificate. There are no restrictions on the majors you apply for, but the final admission is decided by German universities.
At present, German universities only accept undergraduates from regular universities, and students from junior colleges and higher vocational colleges, radio and television universities or other adult higher education institutions are usually not eligible to be admitted to German universities.
However, for applicants who have obtained a bachelor's degree through adult education, the auditing department may conduct individual audits. To this end, the applicant only needs to submit a copy of the bachelor's degree certificate to the audit department to check whether the applicant has the qualification for admission to a German university. The audit of these certificates is free.
If you are qualified to enter a German university, the applicant can participate in the normal audit procedures of the audit department.
4. An introductory guide to the language tests that must be passed in studying in Germany.
Studying in Germany, being able to understand and communicate in German is the foundation of the foundation. Generally speaking, freshmen must pass the language test of the school before entering the school, or must hold a German proficiency qualification certificate recognized by a German university.
However, if you are studying for a doctorate, you can pass the language test with the permission of your tutor, but you must have a good English level and be able to do doctoral thesis and defense in English.
For foreign students, the most important entrance German proficiency test is "College Entrance German Proficiency Test", also known as "DSH" (or pnds) test. In addition to "DSH", the German proficiency test of Goethe Institute has also proved to be very useful in Germany. There is also a language test called "zdaf". The basic time it takes is 400 to 600 hours. At present, more and more schools in Germany require applicants to pass such exams first.
German public universities are welfare education, that is, providing free education or charging a small amount of tuition fees symbolically. In addition, not only do you not have to pay tuition fees, but the living expenses are also lower than those in Britain and the United States (the living expenses are about 5,000-8,000 euros per year). In other words, the annual cost of studying in China is only about 50,000-70,000 RMB, which can reduce the economic burden for many families in China.
German education is well-developed and rigorous, and the degree contains a high amount of gold. Colleges and universities enjoy a good reputation, and their certificates are recognized all over the world. China and Germany recognize each other's degrees, so their certificates are well recognized in China. Germany has basically completed the separation of undergraduate and master's degrees, shortening the time to get a degree. Germany is a world leader in many fields, such as mechanical manufacturing, electronic and electrical engineering, product design, automobiles and so on, and many majors are world-class level.
2. Professional inventory of advantages of studying in Germany
1, major in architecture
German architecture is one of the model buildings in the world. World-class architectural design institutions, such as BRT, ARCHITECS and GMP, attract architectural professionals from German universities every year. At home, the rising real estate industry also urgently needs construction professionals.
Popular institutions: technical university of munich, Berlin Technical University, Weimar Bauhaus University.
2. Material engineering
Modern technology provides countless available materials: metals, such as iron and non-ferrous metals, semiconductors; Non-metallic inorganic materials, such as ceramic materials, glass, inorganic adhesives and organic materials, such as plastics and rubber. And more and more important composite materials.
The study of materials science is based on the interest in mathematics, natural science and technology. Material engineering education is to introduce the relationship between raw materials, production/manufacturing technology, material structure/characteristics and their applications.
Recommended institutions: Nuremberg University, Berlin University of Technology and Dresden University of Technology are all famous for their materials engineering.
3, mechanical engineering
Germany is a world automobile power, with Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, BMW, Audi, Porsche and other automobile brands. The turnover of automobile industry ranks first in Germany's industrial turnover and is a pillar industry in Germany.
Because there are many internship opportunities, students majoring in mechanical engineering can often enter enterprises and get valuable exercise opportunities. German universities basically offer mechanical engineering-related majors, especially those in TU9 University of Technology Alliance, such as technical university of munich, Aachen University of Technology and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, which have become the first choice for domestic engineering students to study abroad.
Universities in Germany are divided into two categories, one is applied science and technology university, and the other is comprehensive university. It is suggested that students applying for the University of Applied Science and Technology should pay special attention to internship and practical experience. Most FH requires students to have at least 10 weeks of internship. Students who apply for comprehensive universities pay more attention to their school performance and experience in project research.
Recommended institutions: Dresden University of Technology, Berlin University of Technology, Hanover University of Technology, Aachen University of Technology, technical university of munich, etc.
4. Economic majors
The strength of the German economy is obvious to all. The German economy has always been called "the locomotive of European economy". Its GDP accounts for one-third of the EU.
The review of materials for economics majors will pay more attention to students' math scores. In addition, in order to improve their competitive advantage, we will also advise students to provide GRE scores when applying for German economics majors.
5. Management major
Governments and enterprises in developed countries attach great importance to consulting management professionals in colleges and universities on management strategies and methods, which provides more opportunities for graduate students and doctoral students engaged in these fields to practice and develop. With the development of China's economy, local enterprises need a large number of management talents with professional quality and international vision. Therefore, no matter from the employment rate or salary, the future of returnees majoring in management is guaranteed.
German popular business economic management (BWL) and national economics (VWL) attract many international students every year.
Popular institutions: Mannheim University, Munich University, Cologne University, Frankfurt University, Mü nster University, Kiel University, Humboldt University of Berlin, Free University of Berlin.
6. Education
Pedagogy is a discipline with a glorious history in Germany. Compared with other countries, the discipline consciousness of German pedagogy is more conscious and strong. The major that China students choose most is German as a foreign language. This major has a separate theoretical system and sub-disciplines, which is more practical because it focuses on German teaching practice.
After returning to China, the employment prospects are also good, and I can be a teacher in educational institutions and schools. In addition, DAAD institutions in China, German embassies, German universities, institutions, enterprises and foundations also need to recruit relevant professionals.
Popular institutions: University of Munich, University of Tubingen, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Hamburg, Free University of Berlin, University of Bielefeld, University of Dortmund, University of Bremen, University of Eisen in Duisburg, University of Kiel, University of Herun-Nuremberg.
7. Law
China and Germany are both civil law countries. Germany is a representative country of civil law system, and the German code is a reference for many civil law countries to formulate codes. If you are a domestic law student, it is very appropriate to go to Germany for further study. In some schools, law majors taught in German have to take the national unified examination, and the language requirements are relatively high. Therefore, it is recommended to pay attention to the application conditions of the school when choosing a school.
At the same time, some universities in Germany also offer master's degrees in law taught in English, including Mannheim University, Frankfurt University and Hamburg University. General law majors apply for English teaching, and the school requires IELTS scores of 6.5 to 7.
Recommended institutions: University of Mü nster, University of Freiburg, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Bremen, University of Cologne, University of Augsburg, University of Heidelberg, etc.
8. Types of news dissemination
German journalism is very strong and the birthplace of modern news. In recent years, with the rapid growth of people's demand for information, the media market has shown a prosperous scene. With the rapid development of digital TV, Internet and mobile phone platforms, today's mass media has a broader development space.
Compared with domestic media education, foreign media education has many advantages, such as a long history, complete professional settings, strong R&D strength and strong international atmosphere.
Recommended institutions: Bremen University, Bonn University, Tubingen University, etc.
3. Safety precautions for studying in Germany
1. Safety of accommodation
No matter in which country, as long as you leave home, finding a house is a necessary process. How to find this house, how to find it, and where to find it must be carefully considered. The suggestion given here is to find one or two familiar classmates and rent a well-equipped, not too old and safe house around the school or not too far from the school through a legal and formal intermediary agency. If you like to live alone, you should also look for a house with a large number of people nearby and a high safety factor. After the housing is arranged, even if you live alone, you should pay attention to creating a feeling of multiple people living, or don't let people find you living alone. Remember to turn off water and electricity, gas and doors and windows before going to bed and going out.
2. Travel safety.
There are many ways to travel, such as driving, subway, bus, bicycle, taxi and so on. International students who drive their own cars should pay attention to the detailed understanding of German traffic regulations, including parking rules, not only remember the traffic regulations, but also make sure that you are familiar with German road traffic. Because it's not good to be beaten or beaten. As for public transport such as subway and bus, pay attention to pickpockets on the bus. After all, public transportation is environmentally friendly and cheap, so it's too easy to fish in troubled waters. Pay attention to your own safety while protecting your own property. Whether to sit in the middle of the car or in the middle of the car. Riding a bike is a way with a high degree of freedom, but don't indulge your freedom too much, pay attention to your own safety and obey the rules. Be careful not to take a black taxi when taking a taxi. Regular taxis should also remember the license plate number and proof of studying abroad. Go together when traveling.
3. Food safety.
Eating is indispensable in life. You can choose the school canteen, the restaurant outside, or you can cook by yourself. No matter where you eat, you must pay attention to food safety, including what food you are allergic to or whether the food is not fresh. When cooking by yourself, you must make sure that the ingredients you bought in Germany are the ones you know in China, and whether you cooked them.
4. Social security.
In Germany, social intercourse is not as frequent as in France, but it is still quite a lot, so pay attention to your manners and even your clothes. Because you are in Germany, there are many international students, and you don't know if others have any religious beliefs or taboos. So when you take part in any social activities, you should know in advance the forms of activities, some people's religious beliefs and their life taboos. If you have an inevitable conflict with someone under unclear circumstances, you must apologize first to show that you didn't mean it, but that you were negligent. After all, it is right not to offend classmates in studying abroad.