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Liang sicheng
Liang Sicheng (1901April 20th-197211October 9th), a native of Xinhui, Guangdong, was born in Tokyo, Japan. He devoted his life to the research and protection of ancient buildings in China, and was an architectural historian, educator and architect. [ 1]
Liang Sicheng was an academician of Academia Sinica (1948) and a member of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of China Academy of Sciences. He participated in the design of the Monument to the People's Heroes, the people of China and the national emblem.
Liang Sicheng's first wife was Lin, who met in 19 19, got married in 1928, and had a daughter and a son (ornaments). The second wife is Zhu Lin. They met in 1948 and remarried in 1962.
Chinese name
Liang sicheng
nationality
China
nation
Han (ha)
birthplace
Tokyo, Japan
date of birth
1901April 20th
date of death
1972 65438+1October 9th
occupation
Architectural educator and architect
graduated institutions
Tsinghua University, University of Pennsylvania, USA
believe
China * * * Production Party of China Democratic League
Major achievements
Established the Department of Architecture of Tsinghua University.
Academician of Academia Sinica
representative works
National Emblem of the People's Republic of China
father
liang qichao
mother
Li Huixian
spouse
Lin, man
children
Liang Congjie, Liang Zaibing.
The life of the character
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Growth and learning
Liang Sicheng's father Liang Qichao, a reformist in the late Qing Dynasty, went abroad to avoid persecution by the Qing government, so Liang Sicheng was born in Tokyo, Japan. 19 12. After the Revolution of 1911, Liang Sicheng returned from Japan with his parents and attended Chongde Primary School and Huiwen Middle School in Beijing (1912-1914). 19 15 entered Tsinghua school (predecessor of Tsinghua University), 1923 graduated from Tsinghua school. 1924 and Lin went to study in the Department of Architecture, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA. 1927 obtained bachelor's and master's degrees. He also went to Harvard University to study architectural history and study ancient architecture in China.
Liang Sicheng, a famous architectural educator
On March 26th, Liang Sicheng and Lin got married at the Consulate General of China in Ottawa. After that, he visited the ancient buildings in Europe. /kloc-After returning to China in August, 2008, he taught at Shenyang Northeastern University and founded the first architecture department in the modern education history of China. 1In August, 929, Lin returned to Beiping (now Beijing) from the northeast, and gave birth to a daughter in Union Medical College Hospital, named in memory of the "ice drinking room" of his late father Liang Qichao. [2]
1930 participated in the planning of Tianjin and won the "Tianjin Special City Material Construction Planning" award. [3]
During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.
After the Japanese army invaded the Northeast, Liang Sicheng returned to Beiping on 193 1 to work in China Architectural Society (as the director of French Department).
1932 presided over the restoration project of Wen Yuan Pavilion of the Forbidden City. In the same year, he wrote the manuscript of Qing-style Building Rules.
Since 1937, how many people have visited more than 200 counties in China 15 provinces, and mapped and photographed more than 2,000 ancient architectural relics preserved in Tang, Song, Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, including Guanyin Pavilion in Zhengding, Hebei, Baodi Guangji Temple, longxing temple and wooden pagodas in Yingxian, Shanxi. The results of these major investigations published articles abroad, which attracted international attention to these cultural relics and laid a good foundation for Liang Sicheng to annotate Architectural Style and compile Architectural History of China in the future.
1944 to 1945, Liang Sicheng was appointed as the deputy director of the War Zone Cultural Relics Protection Committee of the Ministry of Education.
During the war of liberation
From 65438 to 0946, Liang Sicheng went to the United States to give lectures, and was employed by Yale University as a design consultant architect of the United Nations building. He was awarded an honorary doctorate in literature by Princeton University for his outstanding contribution to the study of ancient architecture in China. In the same year, Liang Sicheng returned to his alma mater, Tsinghua University, and founded the Department of Architecture. [5]
Liang Sicheng's painting: Are you in love or going to church on weekends?
1948, before the Battle of Pingjin, Liang Sicheng drew the Catalogue of National Cultural Relics and Ancient Buildings and handed it over to the People's Liberation Army of China, which protected the cultural relics and ancient city walls in Beijing from shelling.
People's Republic of China (PRC) period
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Liang Sicheng not only served as professor and head of the Department of Architecture in Tsinghua University, but also served as deputy director of Beijing Urban Planning Committee, vice chairman of China Architectural Society, executive director of China Artists Association, member of the National Committee of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, member of China Association of Science and Technology, director of the Research Office of Architectural Theory and History of the Academy of Architectural Sciences, and deputy director of Beijing Urban Construction Committee.
At the beginning of 1950, Liang Sicheng, together with Chen Zhanxiang of the Urban Planning Commission, put forward the planning scheme of the new Beijing City to the government-a suggestion on the location of the administrative center of the Central People's Government. He advocated protecting Beijing's ancient buildings and city walls, and suggested building a new Beijing in the western suburbs, protecting the old Beijing city, and not building tall buildings in the old city, but his suggestion was not adopted. After that, he wrote many letters and saved Tuancheng in Beihai.
Liang Sicheng, Tagore and Lin took a group photo.
1953 In May, Beijing began to brew the demolition of archways, and large-scale demolition of ancient buildings began to spread. Liang Sicheng has been criticized many times for advocating traditional ways to protect the ancient city of Beijing. Wu Han, then vice mayor of Beijing, was responsible for explaining the demolition work. In order to save the only intact arched street in the ancient capital of the Four Dynasties from being destroyed by political factors, Liang Sicheng had a heated argument with haing s ngor. Later, Lin also had a face-to-face conflict with Wu Han at a dinner hosted by the Ministry of Culture. [6]
1962, seven years after Lin died of illness, Liang Sicheng married (Cheng Yingquan's ex-wife) who was 27 years younger than himself.
During the Cultural Revolution, Liang Sicheng was criticized as a "retro" model, and all his books and materials were confiscated.
197265438+1On October 9th, Liang Sicheng died in Beijing. [7]
Major achievements of architectural works
Name of the work
Design time
comment
WangGuowei monument
1929
Located at the northern end of Tsinghua University No.1 Teaching Building at the foot of Houshan Mountain.
Liang Qichao's tomb
1929
Located in Beijing Botanical Garden, it is a family cemetery.
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Academic writing
Name of the work
Publication time
comment
Famous Buddhist temples and palaces in Tang Dynasty
1932.03
Journal of Architectural Society Volume III, Issue 1
Textual research on the mountain gate of Dule Temple in Jixian County
1932.06
Journal of Architectural Society Volume 3 No.2
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Character honor
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1963, Liang Sicheng designed the Jian Zhen Monk Memorial Hall in Yangzhou. The building was completed in 1973, and won the first prize of China Excellent Architectural Design in 1984.
Complete works of Liang sicheng
1In August, 988, the State Science and Technology Commission of People's Republic of China (PRC) issued a certificate in recognition of Professor Liang Sicheng and his collective's important contribution to the study of "China Ancient Architecture Theory and Cultural Relics Protection", and was awarded the first prize of the National Natural Science Award by the State Science and Technology Commission. [ 1 1]
1999 The former Ministry of Construction established the "Liang Sicheng Architectural Award", named after Mr. Liang Sicheng, a famous architect and educator in modern times. It is the highest honor award awarded to China architects in recognition of outstanding architects who have made great contributions and achievements in architectural design and creation. [ 12]
Social assessment
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Fei Zhengqing, an American scholar, made the following comments on Liang Sicheng's work during the Anti-Japanese War: In World War II, we met again in western China, but both of them were semi-disabled patients, but they were still desperate to devote themselves to their studies under extremely difficult conditions. At that time, Lin Hui suffered from tuberculosis, while Liang Sicheng suffered a spinal injury due to the sequelae of a car accident when he was young. However, regardless of illness or hard life, their enthusiasm for their pioneering research work is undiminished. It was during this period of war that Liang Sicheng wrote the architectural history of Image China in English. In our hearts, they are lofty models who are not afraid of difficulties and devote themselves to science. [ 13]
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Liang Sicheng's photo album
Liang Sicheng's academic achievements are also valued by foreign academic circles. Joseph Needham, a British scholar who specializes in the history of Chinese science, said: Liang Sicheng is a "master of architectural history in China". [ 1 1]
Reference [1] Master's Road: Liang Sicheng, a pioneer in protecting human cultural heritage. China News Network? [Citation date: 2065438+04-06-30] [2] The manuscript of Liang Sicheng, an ancient building protection expert, was exposed. Netease? [citation date 20 14-06-30][3] Zhang Xiuqin, Hong Zaisheng, Liang Sicheng, Aring Zhang. Tianjin special city material construction plan, 1930.
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The life, growth, study period, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, the liberation war period, the main achievements of the people in China, architectural works, academic works and the honorary social evaluation of the characters in China period.
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