There are three propositional ways of practical writing in public institutions:
First, the traditional official document writing, such as: notice, rectification notice, guidance and other styles.
Secondly, it is a practical writing mode customized according to the actual situation of life and government work, such as reply, open letter, website essay, proposal and so on. Third, given the writing framework of applied literature in a topic, candidates only need to find out the scoring points from the given materials according to the established framework. Classifying administrative official documents from different angles can reveal their characteristics or attributes from different aspects.
2. Find the final exam questions of practical writing. The total score of 12345 should be calculated. 1. True or false: Please fill in the correct answer in the brackets after the question. There are 20 questions in this question, each with 1 point, and * * 20 points.
1. There are many ways to transmit information in modern society, so transmitting information in written form is not as important as it used to be. () 2. Practical writing is an indispensable tool for all social organizations and individuals to carry out social activities and handle personal affairs.
() 3. This application is only used for personal affairs, such as joining the League or joining the Party. () 4. Congratulatory message is a kind of telegram, which should be written clearly and concisely, and try to save words.
5. Obituary is a special document, which is usually used for funeral service. () 6. When handing someone a business card, be respectful and look at the other person.
() 7. A cover letter and a cover letter are the same thing. () 8. Letters of condolence not only play a caring role, but also encourage each other.
() 9. The proposal was written after I thought about it and did it. I hope others will do it. () 10. Contracts that have not been appraised by appraisal institutions are not protected by law.
() 1 1. It is better for everyone to have an invitation to show respect and courtesy. () 12. Once the plan is made, it will become the guidance and basis for the work in this period or in this field, so it cannot be adjusted or changed.
The structure of () 13. The abstract has horizontal structure and vertical structure, but it cannot appear in an abstract at the same time. () 14. The more targeted the investigation report, the less reference or guidance it provides.
() 15, the basic principle of advertising positioning is to create something novel or different, the first is to change the product itself. () 16, advertising copy pays more attention to language refinement than general style.
() 17. Successful advertisements only target one brand and a certain range of consumers at a time. () 18, the signing of the contract is voluntary, and it has legal effect as long as both parties are voluntary.
() 19. The contractual relationship is a moral obligation relationship, and it is immoral not to perform the contract. () 20. The investigation report can directly enter the text without writing a preface, and the contents of the preface can be incorporated into the text.
() Second, multiple-choice questions: this question has ***5 questions, with 2 points for each small question and *** 10. 1, signing a contract is a kind of () A, moral behavior B, legal behavior C, conscious behavior D, independent behavior 2, "If not, please reply" is often used at the end of ().
A, letter B, request for instructions C, report D, proposal 3, and a report praising good deeds. The structure of the text is generally () A, summarizing the main facts-calling on everyone to learn-analyzing the spiritual essence-proposing the commendation method B, summarizing the main facts-analyzing the spiritual essence-proposing the commendation method-calling on everyone to learn C, proposing the commendation method-calling on everyone to learn-summarizing the main. According to different departments and different job requirements, when writing a job application, it should be () A, targeted B and widely used. You can invest more in C, have a purpose of D, pay attention to your own ability, regardless of the recruiting unit. 5. When a contract dispute occurs, the preferred method to solve the dispute is generally () A. Find an arbitration institution for arbitration. B. Both parties negotiate C. Bring a lawsuit to the court. D request the administrative department for industry and commerce for arbitration and mediation. 3. (1) Amend the following clauses and explain the reasons.
(10) (original revision) Provisions on improving the effect of attending classes In view of the poor classroom discipline at present, some students are absent, late and leave early at will, and the effect of attending classes has attracted people's attention. To this end, these provisions are formulated.
1, you should enter the classroom at least ten minutes in advance and make full preparations for class. Don't be late or leave early.
2. Strengthen classroom discipline, teachers should strictly manage and students should consciously implement it. Maintain a good teaching style and a serious and lively classroom atmosphere, and closely cooperate with teaching and learning.
3. People who have something or are sick should ask for leave on the basis of personal leave and sick leave, and may not attend classes after approval. Otherwise, it will be punished as truancy.
4. Be full of energy, pay attention, take notes carefully and pay attention. Don't do anything that distracts and interferes with class, such as dozing off, whispering, reading novels, writing letters, copying homework, etc.
5. It is now stipulated that it shall come into force as of the date of promulgation, and offenders will be dealt with severely. Reason: (2) Pathological article revision: The following is an invitation. Please point out the mistakes in the invitation after reading it.
(5 points) Invite * * * teachers; Our class is scheduled to hold a literary evening in * * *. If you have time, please come and guide us. * * * Error in the class league branch * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *.
(10) Personal study plan The task of this semester is to further study basic theory courses on the basis of first-year study and start to study professional courses. In order to learn all kinds of basic theory courses and professional courses well and really master all kinds of business knowledge, the key points of the plan are introduced as follows: 1. First, we must learn all the basic theory courses well.
Such as foreign languages, writing, philosophy and political economy. These courses are the foundation of specialized courses and must not be ignored. Only by laying a good foundation can we learn professional courses well, otherwise professional courses will become "castles in the air"
2. On the basis of studying basic theoretical courses, we should seriously study professional courses, such as industrial accounting, business accounting and statistical principles. Really understand and master the basic business of financial work, make yourself a useful talent, and do your job well for the party and the country. In the concrete implementation of the above plan, the following aspects should be carried out: (1), preview the content taught by the teacher before class, so as to be aware of it.
(2) Listen to the teacher carefully in class. We should use our brains, think positively about the questions raised by the teacher and take notes on what the teacher taught, so as to basically understand and digest the knowledge taught by the teacher in class.
(3) After class, carefully review the knowledge taught by the teacher, carefully read the textbooks and notes, and further deepen the understanding of the teacher's lectures, so as to digest the book knowledge and become your own knowledge. (4) Finish your homework carefully. Homework is a comprehensive examination of whether students really understand and master book knowledge and what teachers teach. It can cultivate our ability to analyze and solve problems independently.
(5) Read more relevant reference materials at ordinary times, broaden your horizons and increase your knowledge. You should try to let yourself know more about finance.
3. Comprehensive exercises and answers of modern applied writing 1. True or false: 1. According to the direction of writing, official documents can be divided into three categories: upper writing, lower writing and parallel writing.
() 2. The official document title generally includes three parts: issuing authority, reason and language. () 3. The beginning of an official document is generally called a quotation, and prepositions such as "according to" and "obeying" are often used, such as "following the instructions of the superior" () 4. For the sake of solemnity, the end of an official document often uses some idioms rich in classical Chinese, such as "If there is none, please give instructions" and "I will write to you".
() 5. The issuing time of official documents shall be written in Chinese characters in complete year, month and day. () 6. Pay attention to the usage of numerals in official document writing.
Indicates that the number has increased, sometimes "le" is added before the number, sometimes "to" is added. Adding "le" before the number indicates that it is finally increased; Adding "to" before the number means a net increase.
Such as "increase by 50%" and "increase to 50%", the former refers to the total amount after the increase, and the latter refers to the net increase. () 7. Multiplication can only be used for increase, not for decrease.
For example, from one hundred to fifty, it can't be said to be "doubled". () 8. In order to improve work efficiency, you can write a few things that need to be asked in a request.
() 9. In order to solve the problem of asking for instructions as soon as possible, the instructions should be sent to several relevant departments respectively, so that all departments can take charge. () 10. If you encounter difficulties in your work and can't solve them, you can ask your superiors for help.
If you are worried that the higher authorities are not strong enough to solve the problem, you can ask for instructions. () Second, multiple-choice questions 1, administrative documents do not have the characteristics of () A, instrumental B, philosophical C, normative D, authoritative E, theoretical 2, some elements in the title of official documents cannot be omitted.
The format of the following titles does not meet the requirements () a, issuing authority+subject content+genre b, issuing authority+main content c, issuing authority+genre d, genre e, main content 3. Among the following items, the items that belong to the prefix of official documents are () a, issuing authority b, main sending authority c, cc authority d, issuing authority e and sending authority 4. The following features that do not conform to the "order" are () a, restrictions on issuing documents b, clarity of contents c, restrictions on issuing time d, enforcement e, and universality of issuing. 5. Among the following statements about the requirements for the use of bills, the mistake is () a. Bills are generally put forward by * * * or deputies to people's congresses at all levels. B. The main organs that send bills are the people's congresses at the same level and their standing committees. C once the bill is passed by voting, it has legal effect and must be put into practice. D, can put forward a motion at any time. 6. The following analysis of the literary characteristics of the Decision is wrong (). First, the nature of the decision is important; B, the decision is policy; C, the implementation of the decision is mandatory; D, arranged action is urgent; E, the decision can be used for personnel appointment and dismissal; 7. The languages used to announce important or statutory matters at home and abroad are () A, Order B, Notice C, Notice D, Notice E, Notice 8 and the following notices. The notices of deployment include: (1) Notice on cracking down on the manufacture and sale of pirated optical discs according to law; (2) Notice on matters related to the Spring Festival holiday; (three) notice on the promulgation and implementation of the Interim Provisions on the administration of bazaars; (d) Notice on Strengthening the Management of Lottery Market forwarded by a province in the State Council; (e) notice of the meeting; (9) Among the following official documents, () a, report on the current financial work b, report on the application for listing our city as a famous historical and cultural city c, request for instructions on some issues concerning the selection and appointment of cadres d, request for instructions on the funds for participating in the Universiade e, and application 10 are used to reply to the lower-level requests. The languages that should be used are () a, decision b, instruction c, reply d, notification e, letter 1 1, and a large number of continuous information are synthesized in chronological order and summarized in an orderly way. This comprehensive method is called () A, summary B, inductive summary C, vertical and horizontal synthesis D, vertical and horizontal synthesis E, and debriefing 65438. What is not directly investigated is () A, telephone survey B, induction and summary method C, questionnaire survey D, computer networking survey E, conversation method 13. Among the following documents, the articles of association belong to () A, the articles of association of a provincial language society B, the articles of association of a group company C, the articles of association of a singing competition D, the articles of association of a fund E and the articles of association of a school 14. The following articles do not conform to the characteristics of the article: () A, documentary B, one article and one thing C, concise D, beautiful E, letters and documents used in group contact work called () A, certificate letter B, letter of introduction C, invitation letter D, thank-you letter E, notice 16, appointment and dismissal of grassroots cadres, and employment information published in institutions and systems. The most commonly used are () A, Issue Order B, Notice C, Notice D, Notice E, Report 17 and below. Lawyers seldom use () A, legal opinion B, judicial proposal C, legal opinion D, defense E, application 18. The judicial documents for the plaintiff in an economic dispute case to bring a lawsuit to the people's court in accordance with legal procedures to safeguard his own economic rights and interests are called () A, arbitration application B, criminal complaint C, civil procedure law D, administrative complaint E, and compensation application 18. In the following judicial documents, () A, Power of Attorney B, Appeal Law C, Appeal D, Defense E, Notice 20. In the following judicial documents, the plaintiff and the defendant can use () ① Power of Attorney ② Defense ③ Appeal ④ Complaint ④ Complaint ④ Complaint ⑤ Complaint A, ① 24B, ② 34C, ③ 45d, ③ 4E, ① 2342 1, according to the official documents. Among them, the conclusion of "asking for instructions" is () A, and I hereby report B, and I hereby inform C. I hope that D will be seriously implemented, and if it is improper, I will give instructions. 23. "Arrangement" is one of the plans, which refers to (a) short-term, small-scale, single-content, more specific plan B, long-term plan C and thick lines.
4. How to do a good job in practical writing test questions In recent years, practical writing test questions frequently appear in national and provincial application test questions. So, how to do such a test well? Next, Chinese public education experts will explain the basic requirements for candidates to answer practical writing questions.
The basic requirements of practical writing are mainly reflected in three aspects: first, content requirements, second, identity requirements, and third, format requirements. First, the content requires candidates to grasp the key to the question when answering, and the answer should be comprehensive and concise.
1. Determine the content according to the requirements of the topic. Candidates should determine the corresponding answer content according to the answering tasks and requirements put forward by the topic. The real link "given information 8" introduces the deeds of advanced figures emerging in society recently. The Party Committee of a certain unit decided to publish an issue of "Internal Learning Materials" to publicize their deeds and call on all employees of the unit to learn from advanced figures.
Please write an "editor's note" for this issue of internal learning materials. (10) Requirements: summarize comprehensively and accurately, and reveal the spiritual essence of advanced figures.
No more than 200 words. (20 12? Save the first question? 2) The task of answering this question is to "write an editor's note for internal learning materials", and the specific content is to call on all employees to learn from advanced figures.
In the requirements for answering questions, it is clear that "the spiritual essence of advanced figures should be revealed". Therefore, the main content of this editorial is to summarize the deeds of advanced figures and reveal their spiritual essence.
2. According to the language requirements, determine the language of different content, and the specific content is also different. For example, the question of publicity notice such as propaganda draft, the main content of the answer is to publicize an object, and the elements are background, reasons, countermeasures, calls, etc. For the test questions of work plan such as suggestion or guidance, the answers should include the background and connotation of the problem, the importance and necessity of solving the problem, and the countermeasures to solve the problem, among which the countermeasures to solve the problem (work plan) should be the focus.
A city will hold a situation analysis meeting to speed up the development of social security. At the meeting, a leader will make a keynote speech on the necessity of accelerating the development of social security.
Please draw up a speech point for the leader according to the given data 7~8. (25 points) Requirements: comprehensive, concise, clear-cut, with a certain height.
The number of words is illegal, but it exceeds 500 words. (20 1 1? Zhejiang? Suppose you are the whistleblower in the given information 2, please reflect the statistical data and questions in the form and your own opinions to the local village Committee in the form of a proposal.
(Requirements: 1. The length is about 500 words; 2. Write only the main content, omitting the header and signature; 3. The language is concise and fluent, coherent and complete. ) (23 points) (20 1 1? Anhui? Question 4) The link of Chinese public analysis of real questions is a kind of "talking points", which belongs to the publicity and notification test questions. The answer should focus on "the necessity of accelerating the development of social security in China", including the present situation (background), the necessity (reasons), the measures (countermeasures) and the appealing ending (call) of accelerating the development of social security in China.
5. Writing question and answer, 1: What is applied writing? Applied writing mainly studies the writing rules and methods of applied style, including official documents, business documents, legal documents, communication documents, etiquette documents and other documents that are directly related to people's lives, work, study and scientific research, and are used to deal with specific affairs and solve practical problems.
Applied writing belongs to the application and practicality of writing. For researchers, practical writing is an applied science that takes the style and writing activities of practical writing as the research object and discusses the writing rules of practical writing. For learners, applied writing is a tool course that takes the theory of applied writing as the learning object and accepts the training of applied writing.
The expressions used in practical writing are usually narration, explanation and discussion.
Extended data
Before mastering the skills of applied writing, you must understand the structure of applied writing.
The structure of practical writing requires completeness, preciseness, clear outline, distinct levels and clear paragraphs to avoid looseness and repetition.
The text of practical writing has several parts: the beginning, the theme and the end, but in the specific arrangement, different structural forms should be arranged according to the characteristics of different styles.
For example, declarative styles such as work reports and meeting minutes are mostly organized according to the development, changes and characteristics of management activities and management objects, and require continuity and integrity; Administrative regulations, contracts and agreements focus on the basis, rules and measures.
Therefore, clauses and table structures are often used; Rational styles such as research reports and academic papers should demonstrate arguments with arguments, and their structures are generally organized in the order of asking questions, analyzing problems and solving problems. If an article uses both narrative and argumentative genres, its structure will be more complicated.