Contemporary college students face many life problems, so what are their mental health problems? The following are the mental health problems of contemporary college students that I recommend to you, hoping to bring you help.
(A) the mental health of college students and the main problems
In the first half of 2000, the report on the psychological quality of college students in Beijing showed that 16.5% students had moderate psychological problems. This shows that the mental health problems of college students in China are serious and must be paid attention to by all walks of life. According to the author's investigation, the mental health problems of college students are mainly manifested in the following aspects:
1 Adapting to environmental difficulties
College students enter the university in fierce competition, but there is a big gap between reality and ideal. For example, the school is not as perfect as imagined, the major is not as ideal as imagined, the study is not as easy as imagined, and it is not as excellent as in middle school. The interweaving of pride and inferiority, and the contradiction between not wanting to learn and having to learn, have caused mood swings and depression, resulting in negative emotions such as weariness of learning and depression.
I recommend: four psychological defects of college students' interpersonal communication
2 interpersonal disharmony
In interpersonal relationships, freshmen often have more problems, because they are faced with a process of re-understanding others and establishing interpersonal relationships. Due to the lack of experience and methods of interpersonal communication, some freshmen have difficulties in interpersonal communication, resulting in loneliness, insecurity, anxiety, loneliness and distraction, which makes some of them feel bored and confused, lose motivation in their study and life, and do nothing all day.
3 Emotional confusion
It is common for college students to fall in love on campus. Some students are psychologically empty and regard it as a pastime; Some students fall in love because of the psychological needs of heterosexual communication, but there are many psychological problems in love. For example, some girls are invited to date by boys one after another as soon as they enter school, because they don't know how to deal with it. Some students are ashamed of themselves because they see people around them making friends. Some students have been depressed for a long time because of lovelorn love, and even committed suicide; Some students have a heavier psychological burden of sexual psychological problems.
4 differences in economic conditions
The psychological imbalance caused by the implementation of the charging system in colleges and universities has increased students' study expenses and personal living expenses, and the economic situation of many families has changed greatly. It is realistic and complicated for college students to consider the economic problems of themselves and their families, which is difficult to solve. College students lacking social experience often feel at a loss. In addition, students come from all corners of the country, and the gap in family economic status is much more obvious than that in middle school. Faced with this situation, students with poor economic conditions will inevitably form great psychological pressure, resulting in psychological imbalance.
5. The pressure brought by the competition in job hunting and career selection
In today's society, the graduation distribution under the planned economy system has been replaced by self-employment under the market economy system. With the increase of grades, because of the differences in professional direction, social scope and family background, individual college students have more and more differences in employment concepts and career opportunities. Faced with fierce competition, some college students show psychological problems such as lack of self-confidence, low vision and fear of society.
(B) the causes of mental health problems of college students
The causes of college students' mental health problems are complex and diverse, including subjective physiological and psychological factors, as well as objective family, school and social environment factors.
1 objective reasons
(1) exam-oriented education and the one-child policy. The current college entrance examination system in China makes middle school education basically revolve around the baton of college entrance examination. The school attaches importance to the teaching of college entrance examination subject knowledge, but ignores the cultivation and improvement of students' quality. In addition, the only child has strong dependence and poor self-care ability. After entering the university, it is difficult to deal with it.
(2) The pressure of social competition. At present, China is in the transition period from a planned economy to a market economy, and the competition is intensifying day by day, especially the implementation of various reform measures involving the vital interests of college students, which makes the social environment faced by college students more complicated and diverse, and also causes considerable psychological pressure on college students.
(3) the influence of bad social atmosphere and various harmful thoughts. All kinds of information in the society enter the campus through various media, and the good and the bad are mixed. Because of their low ability to distinguish right from wrong, some students inevitably accept some negative information and some useful information.
(4) The ideological and political education is weak, and the school lacks mental health education. Ideological education in schools basically stays at the macro level of slogans and slogans, lacking the necessary details and depth. From primary school to university, students lack good psychological education. The school only pays attention to the cultivation of students' knowledge and ability, and does not teach them how to adapt to society and be better social people. In this regard, the school's work is still not in place.
2 subjective reasons
(1) The psychological development is not mature enough, and the ideal is divorced from reality. At present, the entrance age of college students in China is generally around 18 years old. After 4-5 years of university study, they will be around 22 when they graduate. This period is late adolescence and early adulthood. At this stage, college students are in a process of rapid development and change both physically and psychologically. They are full of ideals and fantasies and full of expectations for the future. However, in the process of realizing their ideals, they often demand too much from the conditions of study, work and life, environment and interpersonal relationships, ignoring the objective conditions and expecting everything to be ready and smooth. Once they encounter some setbacks in reality, they will be disappointed.
(2) Self-cognition is imperfect, and cognitive deviation often occurs. A person's healthy and coordinated self-integration based on self-esteem and self-confidence is the psychological basis for coping with reality. Most of the psychological troubles of college students are related to self-cognition, such as being unable to know themselves objectively, being too high or too low in self-evaluation, being unable to locate themselves accurately, and being unable to integrate all kinds of information independently.
(3) Lack of coping strategies and coping ability. Among the current college students, quite a few people's coping strategies for life events are not commensurate with the requirements of life for them. When they encounter something difficult to deal with, although they can analyze their psychological change process and internal and external reasons, they often appear in the end? I know, but what should I do? This kind of limitation in strategy and ability makes them unable to effectively cope with various life events, face various pressures actively and quickly restore their psychological balance. On the contrary, it is often in a state of nervous tension, which will easily lead to psychological disorders in the long run.
(C) Countermeasures for college students' mental health problems
At present, the mental health of college students has become an important factor affecting the quality of talent training and restricting the realization of training goals. Therefore, it is imperative to strengthen mental health education and improve the psychological quality of college students.
1 strengthen ideological and political education and improve the comprehensive quality of college students
We must be soberly aware that with the expansion of colleges and universities and the establishment of the socialist market economic system, college students have no clear understanding of some phenomena existing in society, and there is a vague understanding in their minds, which has produced unnecessary psychological burden. In the transition stage of economic system, the socialist market economy can stimulate college students' enterprising spirit and improve their enthusiasm for study and work, but it will also bring negative effects. When the ideological and political work is relaxed, the bad thoughts in society will take advantage of it, ignoring the study and moral cultivation, which will seriously affect their psychological quality and personality cultivation. Therefore, colleges and universities must strengthen political and ideological education, constantly optimize the moral education team, improve various management systems, equip and supplement the management team in time when the enrollment of colleges and universities increases and the number of students increases, and solve the problems among students in time.
2. Carry out various forms of psychological quality education activities to popularize mental health knowledge.
Open? Mental health of college students? 、? Health psychology? And other elective courses, compulsory courses or lectures, to carry out psychological training, to help college students master the knowledge and methods of maintaining mental health. The specific contents should include: psychological education, emotional education, interpersonal relationship guidance, sound personality training, anti-frustration ability training and students' self-psychological training. In the course of mental health education, we should prevent pure theoretical indoctrination, integrate theory with practice and carry out psychological training activities. Psychological training refers to enhancing students' frustration and self-confidence through social identity, self-identity, role-playing and other behavioral exercises. For freshmen's adaptation, the design of classroom content can include interpersonal communication, first impression effect, separation experience, the art of communication, self-exploration, emotional expression and control, unity and cooperation, etc. Let students gain new feelings in classroom training and role-playing, and bring them back to life practice to consolidate and improve their psychological adaptability.
By giving lectures to students, tell them the possible psychological problems and diseases of young college students, as well as the methods of prevention and correction. We should make use of various forms of media and means such as wall newspapers, radio, television, newspapers and pamphlets to widely publicize the common sense of mental health. It is necessary for students to have a preliminary understanding of their own psychology and learn various psychological self-coping and help-seeking abilities.
Educate faculty and staff on mental health knowledge. Students spend more than half of the day in contact with teachers, and teachers' mental health directly affects students. If the teacher's personality is not perfect, his mood is unstable and moody, it will also affect the students whose personality has not yet been finalized. On the other hand, a teacher's words or actions may change students' negative psychology and stimulate students' interest in learning and motivation in life.
3. Conduct regular mental health surveys.
In order to fully understand students' psychological status, it is necessary to classify students of different grades and sexes, consciously investigate and study students' psychological problems, summarize and sort them out, and take proactive methods and measures to overcome possible problems, such as: investigating freshmen's adaptation to life and learning environment; Students in Grade Two and Grade Three should be concerned about the problems in study and communication after adapting to the environment. Senior students should focus on adapting to society and strengthen their future career adaptation. As far as gender is concerned, boys are strong and impulsive, while girls are relatively gentle and introverted. It is necessary to study the differences between male and female students in these psychological characteristics. Moreover, it is necessary to strengthen the information exchange between colleges and departments, prevent possible problems among students, and exchange measures and methods to deal with psychological problems. At the same time, we should also strengthen the research on the ways to find problems and the methods to deal with them, and form an information network system with psychological counseling center as the core, faculty management cadres as the hub and student backbone as the information source.
4 to create a good campus cultural environment
The university campus is the most important place for college students to study and live. Schools should provide college students with a good relaxed psychological atmosphere and a beautiful campus environment. Serious and lively, relaxed and moderate schedule, colorful amateur cultural life and harmonious and healthy interpersonal relationships can all become psychological backgrounds, adding interest and color to college students' study life. On the contrary, the dull pace of life and depressing campus atmosphere are not conducive to cultivating college students' healthy psychological quality.
5. Effectively carry out mental health counseling activities.
By carrying out psychological counseling activities, students' psychological disorders, psychological conflicts, psychological confusion and other psychological diseases can be dredged in time to help them get out of their psychological predicament. This kind of communication through face-to-face, telephone, letters and other forms is more direct, cordial and targeted. Colleges and universities should create conditions for mental health consultation, set up psychological consultation centers, equip full-time and part-time staff with rich experience, strong professionalism and high morality, and improve various service facilities, such as computers and telephones. Establish a reception system and stick to 24-hour duty. Improve all kinds of information service networks, give full play to the role of student management cadres and student cadres in psychological consultation, and report and intervene as soon as possible when students with psychological problems, especially psychological crisis, are found. Conditional can also help students solve psychological problems as soon as possible through the social help hotline. In order to effectively carry out mental health consultation activities, we should investigate the mental health status of freshmen every year and establish students' mental health files. On the one hand, it is helpful to grasp the psychological development of college students in time and understand their personality characteristics and mental health, so as to carry out the teaching, management and moral education of the school in a targeted manner; On the other hand, it is also conducive to finding students with psychological disorders and mental illness in time and providing them with psychological counseling and psychotherapy in time.
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