The situation and policy of governing the country according to law Part I: On the dialectical relationship between governing the country by virtue and governing the country by law.
Abstract: Since the reform and opening up, China * * * Party has put forward the general plan of "ruling the country according to law" and made great achievements in practice. In the new stage of the new century, the third generation of the party's leading collective put forward the strategy of governing the country by combining "ruling the country by law" and "ruling the country by virtue" in time. Practice has proved that this combination is suitable for the development of the times and the needs of society. By defining the general plan of governing the country by virtue and by law, this paper expounds the dialectical unity relationship between "rule by law" and "rule by virtue"; The combination of the two is the need of building a harmonious socialist society; And pointed out the way to realize the combination of ruling the country by virtue and ruling the country by law.
Keywords: ruling the country by virtue; Governing the country according to law; Harmonious society; Dialectical unity
"Governing the country by virtue" and "ruling the country by law" are the general plans of governing the country put forward by the CPC Central Committee by drawing lessons from and summing up historical experience at home and abroad and combining with the reality of our society. The discussion of "rule by virtue" and "rule by virtue" has a history of thousands of years, but the combination of "rule by virtue" is a pioneering work of China's governance theory, which is conducive to promoting the construction of a harmonious socialist society and the long-term stability of the country.
First, the concept of governing the country by virtue and by law.
To realize the close combination of ruling the country by virtue and ruling the country by law, we must first correctly understand and define the concepts of the two. Many people are skeptical about the combination of ruling the country by virtue and ruling the country by law, especially the proposal of ruling the country by virtue, which is considered as the inheritance of the backward thought of feudal "rule by man". As we all know, in the history of China, the debate between Confucianism and Legalists about the rule of virtue and the rule of law is based on the feudal monarchy, which is a way to explore "rule by man". But today, China is a socialist country, and the people are the masters of the country. At this time, the rule of virtue and the rule of law have been put forward, which has got rid of the background of feudal monarchy and is based on democracy
At present, the rule of virtue in China is different from the rule of law. The so-called "ruling the country according to law" means that the broad masses of the people, under the leadership of the Party and in accordance with the Constitution and laws, manage state affairs, economic and cultural undertakings and social affairs through various channels and forms, ensure that all state work is carried out according to law, and gradually realize the institutionalization and legalization of socialist democracy, so that this system and law will not change because of the changes in leaders' views and emphasis. The so-called "ruling the country by virtue" means taking Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory as the guidance, serving the people as the core, collectivism as the principle, loving the motherland, people, labor, science and socialism as the basic requirements, and taking the construction of professional ethics, social ethics and family virtues as the foothold, actively establishing a socialist ideological and moral system that adapts to the development of the socialist market economy, and making it a norm that all people generally agree with and consciously abide by. "
Second, the dialectical unity of governing the country by virtue and by law.
Governing the country by virtue belongs to the ideological category, and governing the country by law belongs to the political category. Their means and ways of governing the country are different. Governing the country according to law is mandatory and authoritative, and the orderly operation of society and the legitimate rights and interests of the people are guaranteed by the coercive power of the state. It requires that no one and no organization should be above the law, exercise power and perform obligations within the scope prescribed by law, and all violations of the law should be punished by law, and everyone is equal before the law. Governing the country according to law is an external heteronomy. Governing the country by virtue depends on the maintenance of intangible forces such as public opinion, value judgment and conscience, and guides people's behavior through persuasion, persuasion, probation and enlightenment, which has strong penetration and influence in social life and achieves the goal of social governance through inner guidance. Governing the country by virtue is an inherent "self-discipline", through which the real "root cause" can be achieved.
Law and morality, "rule by law" and "rule by virtue" are the relations of unity of opposites. They are different from each other and unified with each other. Their differences determine that they can complement each other and learn from each other; Mutual unity determines that they can be consistent and promote each other [1]. Comrade Jiang Zemin once pointed out: "For the governance of a country, the rule of law and the rule of virtue have always been complementary and mutually reinforcing, and both are indispensable. The rule of law belongs to political construction and political civilization, and the rule of virtue belongs to ideological construction and spiritual civilization. The two types are different, but their status and role are very important. We must always pay attention to the close combination of legal construction and moral construction, and the close combination of governing the country by virtue and governing the country according to law. "
1. Governing the country by virtue is the moral basis of governing the country by law. Morality comes into being before law, rule by virtue is the source of rule by law, most laws are extracted from morality, and law is the sublimation of morality. Governing the country by virtue provides a moral basis for governing the country by law, which is reflected in all stages of the rule of law. First of all, in the legislative stage, morality sets the direction and guiding ideology for legislation and provides the standard and starting point for formulating good laws; Secondly, in the process of law enforcement and judicature, it is necessary for law enforcers and judiciaries to have good moral standards, strictly observe professional ethics, and exercise the power entrusted by the state in accordance with the requirements of the law. At the same time, the evaluation function of morality provides public opinion supervision for law enforcement and judicial work, which is conducive to strict law enforcement and judicial justice; Finally, in the law-abiding stage, morality lays a moral and ideological foundation for citizens to abide by the law, improves citizens' moral quality, strengthens citizens' recognition and belief in the law, and makes citizens willing to obey the constraints of the law from the bottom of their hearts and consciously abide by the law.
2. Ruling the country by law is the legal guarantee of ruling the country by virtue. In maintaining social stability, economic order and cultural prosperity, it is impossible to rule by virtue alone, especially for those who have seriously violated the law and lacked moral concepts, the compulsion and authority of governing the country according to law is particularly necessary and crucial. As the saying goes, "Law is the last line of defense for morality". By severely punishing offenders who seriously violate morality, the law protects their legitimate rights and interests, cultivates the habit of obeying the law, and at the same time improves the ideological and moral quality of citizens, thus ensuring the smooth implementation of governing the country by virtue.
Rule of virtue and rule of law complement each other and promote each other. Law is limited and lagging behind, and it can't adjust all fields of social life. It takes some time to make laws, and it can't adjust new problems in society in time, but morality is everywhere, which makes up the blank of law. At the same time, due to the arbitrariness and non-mandatory characteristics of morality, it is impossible to save itself when morality is destroyed, which requires the coercive power of law and the protection of authority. It can be seen that the rule of virtue and the rule of law complement each other, promote each other and complement each other. The rule of law needs the supplement of the rule of virtue and the guarantee of the rule of law. Only by closely combining the rule of virtue with the rule of law can the long-term stability of the country be realized.
Third, the combination of ruling the country by virtue and ruling the country by law is an inevitable requirement for building a harmonious socialist society.
The Decision of the Central Committee on Several Major Issues in Building a Harmonious Socialist Society, adopted at the Sixth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee, puts forward the goal and main task of building a harmonious socialist society by 2020, in which the goal of rule of law is to "improve socialist democracy and legal system, fully implement the basic strategy of governing the country according to law, and earnestly respect and protect people's rights and interests" [2]; The goal of governing the country by virtue is to "significantly improve the ideological and moral quality, scientific and cultural quality and health quality of the whole nation, and further form good moral habits and harmonious interpersonal relationships." [2] It can be seen that the combination of ruling the country by virtue and ruling the country by law is the proper meaning of a harmonious society and the key to achieving a harmonious society.
In the process of the establishment and development of market economy, people's values have undergone subversive changes, forming a diversified moral system. However, due to the need to continue to improve the legal system, many aspects are not within the scope of legal adjustment. At this stage, it is very necessary to combine the rule of virtue with the rule of law to build a harmonious socialist society, which is determined by the basic national conditions of our country at this stage.
The combination of ruling the country by virtue and ruling the country by law is conducive to the construction of democratic politics, socialist market economy, harmonious culture and ecological civilization.
1. Socialist political harmony needs the combination of rule of virtue and rule of law. The combination of the two provides a complete strategy of governing the country for building a harmonious society and lays the institutional foundation for political harmony. Political harmony first requires political democracy, and the combination of ruling the country by virtue and ruling the country by law is an important guarantee to realize democratic politics. Governing the country according to law provides a way to realize political democracy, and supervising, evaluating and publicizing political harmony with morality makes democratic politics deeply rooted in people's hearts. At the same time, governing the country by virtue and by law is the basis of harmonious politics. We should cultivate outstanding leading cadres, improve their moral quality with morality, and regulate their words and deeds with law.
2. The socialist harmonious economy needs to combine the rule of virtue with the rule of law. The socialist market economy is an economy ruled by law and a moral economy. The development of market economy needs the protection of law and the restraint of moral norms. With the development of socialist market economy, China has made remarkable achievements, but there are still some problems behind the achievements. China's market economy needs to be further improved. Western hostile forces have never given up their "differentiation" and "westernization" of China. Many people can't stand the temptation and test of interests, and there are phenomena such as forgetting profits, cheating and trading power and money, and individualism, money worship and hedonism spread. These problems have hindered the development of China society to some extent. In order to solve these problems, we need to combine the rule of virtue with the rule of law. Use laws to regulate the development of market economy, punish violations of law and discipline, purify people's minds with morality, improve people's moral level, resist bad ideas in the development of market economy, and build a fair, honest and harmonious socialist market economic system.
3. Socialist harmonious culture needs to combine the rule of virtue with the rule of law. Cultural construction has always been the focus of our party's work, and building a harmonious socialist society is also inseparable from harmonious culture. Comrade Liu Yunshan pointed out: "To build a harmonious culture is to cultivate the spirit of harmony, advocate the concept of harmony, form common ideals, beliefs and moral norms in the whole society, constantly enhance the cohesion, centripetal force and affinity of the Chinese nation, and create a good humanistic environment and cultural ecology for building a harmonious society." [2] It can be seen that ideological and moral construction is an important part of the construction of a harmonious culture, which needs to be realized by governing the country by virtue. At the same time, the construction of harmonious culture also needs to provide legal guarantee and institutional support by governing the country according to law. Only by combining the rule of virtue with the rule of law can the harmonious cultural construction led by the socialist core value system be integrated into all fields of social life, and citizens' ideological and moral cultivation and democratic and rule of law concepts be significantly improved.
4. Ecological harmony requires the combination of ruling the country by virtue and ruling the country by law. Since the industrial revolution, countries have plundered natural resources for development at the expense of ecological destruction. Since the beginning of 2 1 century, the global natural disasters have increased, and now the ecological environment problem has become a major problem that all countries in the world need to deal with together. In order to realize a harmonious socialist society in China, ecological harmony is naturally essential. In order to achieve ecological harmony, the state first needs to formulate a corresponding legal system, bring ecological protection into the scope of legal adjustment, act within the reasonable scope stipulated by law, and investigate people and organizations that violate the law and destroy the ecological environment according to law; Secondly, give play to the government's policy-oriented role and guide citizens to build ecological harmony; Thirdly, pay attention to citizens' ecological moral education and publicity, establish citizens' ecological concept, and lay a good foundation for ecological harmony.
Fourth, how to realize the perfect combination of ruling the country by virtue and ruling the country by law.
To sum up, the combination of ruling the country by virtue and ruling the country by law is an important way to build a harmonious socialist society. How to better combine the two is a key issue we are facing now.
1. To achieve the perfect combination of the two, we must first correctly understand the connotation of governing the country by virtue and by law, and distinguish them from the "rule by virtue" and "rule by law" under the background of feudal "rule by man". Only in this way can we break people's long-standing misunderstanding of the idea of governing the country by virtue and make people consciously combine the two closely.
2. Give full play to the role of cadres in party member, and make them the promoters of the combination of ruling the country by virtue and ruling the country by law. As a socialist country, China's constitution gives the country the status of master, and the people are the main body of governing the country. As the concrete exercisers of power, party member cadres are some outstanding representatives elected from the people to exercise power to govern the country instead of the people. Party member cadres are role models of the people, and their words and deeds are imperceptibly infecting the people. Only when they consciously combine the two and become the promoters of the combination can we form a good atmosphere in which everyone abides by the law and advocates morality in the whole society.
3. We should give full play to the role of public opinion and education, make full use of various propaganda means, widely publicize the concept of combining rule of virtue with rule of law, strengthen citizens' legal and moral education, make the concept of governing the country by virtue and rule of law deeply rooted in people's hearts, and let people realize that building a socialist country requires both the guarantee of rule of law and the support of rule of virtue. Only by combining the two can we better realize the goal of a harmonious socialist society.
References:
[1] Liu Zhenjiang, Tang Changhong, Yi Jingsheng. Philosophical thinking on governing the country by virtue and by law [J]. Hunan Social Sciences, 200 1, (4): 20.
[2] * * * Central Committee's decision on several major issues in building a harmonious socialist society (tutorial reader) [M]. Beijing: People's Publishing House, 2006.
Situation and policy of governing the country according to law Part II: On the relationship between governing the country according to law and governing the country by virtue.
How China should treat the dialectical relationship between ruling the country by law and ruling the country by virtue is of great significance to realize China's grand goal of building socialism. Compared with the rule of virtue, the rule of law should occupy the main position, and the rule of virtue, as an important way of governing the country, plays an important role in promoting the rule of law. To build a harmonious socialist society, we must adhere to the combination of ruling the country by law and ruling the country by virtue.
[Keywords:] Governing the country according to law; Governing the country by virtue; Rule of law; Governing the country by virtue; relationship
After establishing the goal of building a harmonious socialist society, how to treat the dialectical relationship between ruling the country by law and ruling the country by virtue is of great significance for realizing the grand goal of building socialism in China. Compared with the rule of virtue, the rule of law should play a major role. Rule by virtue, as an important way of governing the country, plays an important role in promoting the rule of law. To build a harmonious socialist society, we must adhere to the combination of ruling the country by law and ruling the country by virtue.
First, the connotation of governing the country by law and by virtue
(A) the meaning of the rule of law
The formation of a modern country characterized by the rule of law is an important achievement of the development of human social civilization. Throughout the history of human development, in slave society and feudal society, human activities linked by blood relationship are closed and conservative, ethical norms are the common rules of society, and political life tends to be authoritarian. China ancient feudal society also had "rule by virtue", but this kind of "rule by virtue" was actually an amplification of family ethics, and its essence was rule by man. The rule of law, on the other hand, is rooted in the internal needs of the development of political and cultural life brought about by social and economic development. The economic development brought about by the rapid improvement of productive forces has made people have the requirement to become independent and equal subjects of rights. Reflected in the superstructure such as politics, values such as democracy, justice, equality and human rights have replaced the ethical system that absolutes concepts such as consanguinity and ethical rules, and are embodied in the law. As the ancient Greek saint Aristotle said, "the rule of law should have two meanings: established laws and universal obedience, and the legal meaning of everyone's obedience itself should be to formulate perfect laws." This passage establishes the basic connotation of the rule of law by linking the two specific concepts of "good law" and "universal obedience".
(B) the meaning of rule by virtue
The socialist rule of law is essentially different from the "rule of virtue" in Chinese and foreign history, so it is necessary to clarify the boundary between the rule of virtue and the traditional "rule of virtue". The core of traditional "rule by virtue" is to put the power to manage the country and society on the personal qualities of the rulers. Its major defect is that the ruler has the greatest power and is not restricted by any system, which is essentially the concept of "rule by man". The history of human development shows that when power is not bound by any coercive force, it will definitely lead to political instability and social inequality. In the history of China, the main hope was to curb the variation of power from the ideological aspect, but this method could not solve the problem of lack of restriction of power from the political system. This historical lesson is still of practical significance for us to build socialism with China characteristics. When summing up the lessons since the founding of the People's Republic of China, Deng Xiaoping profoundly pointed out, especially "":"Of course, all kinds of mistakes we made in the past are related to the thoughts and styles of some leaders, but the organizational system and work system are more important. A good system in these aspects can make bad people unable to do anything at will, and a bad system can make good people unable to do good things fully or even go to the opposite side. " Therefore, Deng Xiaoping emphasized the importance of socialist democracy and legal system. He pointed out: "In order to protect people's democracy, we must strengthen the legal system. Democracy must be institutionalized and legalized, so that this system and law will not change because of the change of leaders, and will not change because of the change of leaders' views and attention. "So the important idea of ruling the country by virtue that we advocate now and the traditional rule of virtue in China are two fundamentally different categories. Today's "ruling the country by virtue", as a way of governance, is unified with the spirit of socialist rule of law; However, the traditional rule of virtue is a realistic rule of man, which is incompatible with democracy and legal system. Their social basis, nature and characteristics are completely different.
Second, the dialectical relationship between the rule of law and the rule of virtue
Rule by law belongs to political construction, rule by virtue belongs to political civilization, and rule by virtue belongs to ideological construction and spiritual civilization. In terms of governance means, the rule of law is authoritative and mandatory to ensure the orderly operation of social life and the inviolability of people's legitimate rights and interests, while the rule of virtue relies more on public opinion, value judgment and conscience to regulate people's behavior through persuasion and persuasion, which has strong penetration and influence in social life. Although they are different in form, they permeate each other in content and have the same purpose, so their relationship is dialectical unity. Comrade Jiang Zemin clearly pointed out at the 200 1 1 National Conference of Propaganda Ministers, "In the process of building a Socialism with Chinese characteristics and developing a socialist market economy, we should unremittingly strengthen the socialist legal system and govern the country according to law, and at the same time unremittingly strengthen socialist moral construction and govern the country by virtue. For the governance of a country, the rule of law and the rule of virtue have always complemented and promoted each other. Both are indispensable and cannot be neglected. The rule of law belongs to political construction, political civilization, rule by virtue, ideological construction and spiritual civilization. We should always pay attention to the close combination of legal construction and moral construction, and the close combination of ruling the country by law and ruling the country by virtue.
Three, in grasping the relationship between the rule of law and the rule of virtue, we should prevent several kinds of one-sided understanding.
The significance of the important thought of governing the country by virtue lies in strengthening the construction of socialist legal system and socialist morality at the same time. Comrade Jiang Zemin used the concepts of "ruling the country by law" and "ruling the country by virtue" when expounding the importance of legal system construction and moral construction in his speech. Obviously, "ruling the country according to law" and "ruling the country according to law" use their narrow concepts, that is, strengthening the construction of socialist legal system. The essence of "ruling the country by virtue" and "ruling the country by virtue" is to strengthen socialist moral construction. Paying equal attention to legal construction and moral construction, and combining the rule of law with the rule of virtue is the application and development of our party's strategic thought of "grasping with both hands and being hard with both hands", and it is also the starting point for us to correctly understand and understand the important thought of governing the country by virtue and correctly grasp the relationship between governing the country by law and governing the country by virtue. Governing the country according to law is the inevitable choice and fundamental way to realize a socialist country ruled by law and establish a society ruled by law. This is a wise choice based on summing up historical experience and learning from the successful experience of other countries. Our country's constitution also confirms this point in the form of constitutional amendment. On the level of the general plan of governing the country, the rule of virtue is the rule of virtue, that is, the rule of man in traditional society. The rule of law and the rule of man are diametrically opposed and cannot coexist, which is the * * * understanding that has been achieved.
Judging from the means of governing the country, the rule of law and the rule of virtue are combined, and both legal construction and moral construction are equally important. The two complement each other, promote each other, be short of one cannot be neglected. Comrade Deng Xiaoping has long emphasized that "both hands should be grasped and both hands should be hard", and Comrade Jiang Zemin also clearly pointed out in his speech that "while strengthening the socialist legal system, we should vigorously strengthen socialist moral construction." Our goal is to build our country into a prosperous, democratic and civilized socialist country ruled by law. Governing the country according to law and strengthening the construction of socialist legal system are inseparable from governing the country by virtue and strengthening socialist moral construction. Governing the country according to law and strengthening the construction of socialist legal system have ensured the smooth progress of governing the country by virtue and socialist ideological and moral construction. At the same time, strengthening socialist moral construction provides a good ideological and moral environment for governing the country according to law, promotes the smooth progress of governing the country according to law, and accelerates the process of governing the country according to law.
In a word, the important thought of governing the country by virtue enriches and develops the Marxist theory of state. Correctly handling the relationship between ruling the country by law and ruling the country by virtue, always paying attention to the combination of legal construction and moral construction, and closely combining ruling the country by law and ruling the country by virtue are the basis for us to correctly understand and conscientiously implement this important thought, and are also important topics that need further study and exploration in theory and practice of ruling the country by law and building a socialist country ruled by law.
The situation and policy of governing the country according to law Part III: Comprehensively promoting legal education in higher vocational colleges under the background of governing the country according to law.
Under the background of comprehensively promoting the rule of law, legal education in higher vocational colleges can cultivate students' concept of rule of law and promote the development of rule of law construction in China. This paper mainly analyzes the importance and existing problems of legal education in higher vocational colleges, and studies the strategy and practice of legal education.
First, the importance of legal education in higher vocational colleges
Students in higher vocational colleges are in an impulsive period, and their values and outlook on life are easily influenced by the external environment. Only by strengthening the legal education for students can we prevent students from committing serious mistakes or even illegal and criminal acts on impulse to the maximum extent. Many vocational college students have a strong sense of psychological loss because of their mistakes in the college entrance examination. Once they are stimulated by the outside world or tempted by social personnel, they will easily go astray. According to relevant surveys, most students in higher vocational colleges have a weak legal concept, and they like to form cliques when encountering problems, which makes them impulsive. Carrying out legal education for college students in higher vocational colleges can popularize legal knowledge, cultivate students' concept of rule of law and reduce campus crime rate. At the same time, it can also improve students' comprehensive quality, so that students can form correct morality, outlook on life and values in the process of receiving legal education, and develop better logical thinking and rational thinking ability. In addition, students in higher vocational colleges are professionals trained by the state and successors and builders of socialist construction. Only by making them realize the importance of legal education can they shoulder the heavy responsibility of promoting the rule of law.
Second, the problems faced by higher vocational colleges in developing legal education
(A) unscientific curriculum system
Legal education in higher vocational colleges is mainly carried out in the classroom. Most higher vocational colleges offer the course "Ideological and Moral Cultivation and Legal Basis", but teachers often pay more attention to the content of ideological and moral cultivation in class, and tend to ignore the equally important legal basis course, which leads to the lack of legal education in colleges and universities. At the same time, many vocational colleges arrange two classes a week for this course, and even some schools only arrange one class, which leads to insufficient class time for teachers. In order to complete the teaching task, teachers have to choose to compress the curriculum or ignore the basic content of law directly.
(B) the degree of attention is not high
Although the Ministry of Education encourages higher vocational colleges to offer legal courses, there are still some higher vocational colleges that pay insufficient attention to legal education, especially technical schools, which pay too much attention to professional courses and ignore legal education. The neglect of the school directly leads to the neglect of this course by teachers and students in colleges and universities. At the same time, because students in higher vocational colleges are not competitive in the market, they face many difficulties in employment. Many higher vocational colleges pay attention to improving the employment rate, encouraging students to do research and practice, paying attention to cultivating students' professional ability, and ignoring legal education and professional ethics education.
(C) the lack of excellent professional teachers
The ideological and moral teachers in most colleges and universities shoulder the responsibility of legal education for students. However, legal education needs professional legal teachers who are familiar with legal knowledge. This leads to a great gap between ideal and reality. Due to the lack of professional knowledge, some teachers only quote legal provisions and state leaders when giving lectures. The course content is boring and lacks originality, which seriously affects the teaching quality and students' understanding of the rule of law.
Thirdly, the feasible measures to carry out legal education in higher vocational colleges under the background of governing the country according to law.
(1) Give full play to the role of legal education in ideological and moral cultivation courses.
Most higher vocational colleges have set up ideological and moral cultivation courses, mainly including ideological and moral cultivation and legal basis. In order to give full play to the legal education function of ideological and moral cultivation course, schools should attach importance to this course conceptually, appropriately increase the class hours and provide enough time for teachers. At the same time, teachers should appropriately reduce the proportion of ideological and moral education in the curriculum, increase the proportion of legal education, regard moral education as the cornerstone of legal education, and establish students' concept of rule of law while cultivating students' three views.
(B) the construction of a professional team of teachers
Higher vocational colleges must build a professional team of teachers ruled by law, enhance teachers' professional quality and improve their teaching level. At present, many teachers of the rule of law in colleges and universities lack professional knowledge and copy legal provisions in their lectures, which makes students lose interest in learning legal knowledge and fails to achieve the purpose of legal education. To change this situation, we must introduce professional legal talents and hire lawyers and other professionals when necessary. At the same time, teachers of the rule of law in schools are allowed to participate in regular training and assessment, so as to gradually improve their professional quality and teaching level.
(C) change the teaching methods and teaching content
The traditional legal education curriculum is too rigid. During lectures, teachers often read legal provisions, policies and regulations, and leaders' speeches. For students, students can achieve good learning results through self-study. Therefore, teachers should change teaching methods and teaching contents, combine theoretical knowledge with practice, let students appear in court nearby, and let them contact with real cases, especially juvenile delinquency cases. At the same time, in teaching, teachers should not only explain key laws and regulations, but also cite real cases, such as recent network hotspots and campus crime cases that have attracted much attention in recent years, such as Fudan poisoning case. In teaching, students can restore the process of the case, analyze Lin Senhao's criminal psychology and participate in the discussion of the case. This can cultivate students' legal thinking, carry out moral education at the same time as legal education, and also improve students' interest in learning and improve teaching efficiency.
(D) to create a legal education environment
To carry out legal education, we must create a legal education environment in higher vocational colleges. For example, in political and legal colleges, even non-law students will be influenced by the campus environment and form a higher legal literacy. In illegal colleges, students' legal literacy is relatively poor. Therefore, under the background of comprehensively promoting the rule of law, we must create a good campus environment to carry out legal education. Schools can regularly carry out exchange activities with political and legal colleges, so that students can influence each other in the exchange process; At the same time, you can set up a publicity team for the rule of law, and regularly select outstanding students to join the team to learn and publicize the basic knowledge of law; Hold lectures on the rule of law and popularize legal knowledge; Hold a legal debate, choose hot topics to start a debate, so that students can improve their legal literacy in the process of preparing and participating in the debate, and students outside the venue will also be affected; Mock trials allow students to play different roles. When choosing cases, we should try our best to be close to students' real life and choose real cases, which can arouse students' interest, stimulate students' thinking and cultivate students' concept of rule of law.
(5) Strengthen students' confidence in the rule of law in the country and enhance students' understanding of governing the country according to law.
To strengthen the legal education of students in higher vocational colleges, we must make them full of confidence in the country's rule of law, at the same time strengthen their understanding of governing the country according to law, make them attach importance to the country's rule of law conceptually, gradually develop their interest in learning legal knowledge, let the concept of rule of law be rooted in their own hearts, and take the realization of governing the country according to law as their belief. Students who enter the society after graduation also have high legal literacy and professional ethics.
In short, under the background of comprehensively promoting the rule of law, carrying out legal education for college students in higher vocational colleges can improve students' legal literacy, enhance their comprehensive quality, promote the process of rule of law construction, and train qualified successors for the cause of socialist legal construction. To carry out legal education, we need to give full play to the legal education function of ideological and moral cultivation courses, build professional teachers, change teaching methods and contents, create a legal education environment, and at the same time enhance students' confidence in the rule of law and their understanding of governing the country according to law. Only in this way can we really do a good job in the legal education of higher vocational college students and build a China ruled by law.
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