Tokamak is a kind of annular container which uses magnetic confinement to realize controlled nuclear fusion. Its name tokamak comes from ring, vacuum chamber, magnet and coil. It was originally invented by Azimovich and others of Kurchatov Institute in Moscow, Soviet Union in 1950s. The center of the Tokamak is an annular vacuum chamber surrounded by coils. When the power supply is turned on, a huge spiral magnetic field will be generated inside the tokamak, which will heat the plasma to a very high temperature and achieve the purpose of nuclear fusion.

structure principle

In the tokamak device, the current variation of the ohmic coil provides the volt-second required for generating, establishing and maintaining the plasma current (transformer principle); The poloidal magnetic field generated by the poloidal field coil controls the cross-sectional shape and position balance of the plasma; The circumferential magnetic field generated by the circumferential field coil ensures the macroscopic overall stability of the plasma; The circumferential magnetic field and polar magnetic field generated by plasma current together form a magnetic field configuration of rotating magnetic lines and nested magnetic surface structure to restrain plasma.

Reference to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Huazhong University of Science and Technology