As a legendary figure in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, in order to practice the idea of rejuvenating the country through education, he spared no expense to ruin his family and promote his school, and tried his best to raise funds and put them all into the establishment of the school. He influenced the people of the whole country with his speeches, and he was still running for saving the country when he was in his 90s. To the old man's relief, he finally saw the hope of national rejuvenation before his death.
I firmly believe that reading can make people strong.
Ma, 1840, from Majia Village, Danyang, Suzhou. His parents believed in Catholicism, so after he was born, he was taken to the church by his parents to be baptized by Catholicism.
When Xiang Bo was five years old, he fell in love with astrology. In order to learn more knowledge, he came to Shanghai at the age of 12 and entered St. ignatius School founded by French Jesuits.
Ma was talented, and Eight-Nation Alliance gathered in Shanghai at that time, so after entering this French school, Ma not only learned French, Greek, philosophy, theology, astronomy and other disciplines, but also learned eight languages.
At the age of 22, Catholicism received a two-year "Shen Xiu" study in Xujiahui. Ma worked hard to learn foreign knowledge all the way. At the age of 30, he got a doctorate in theology.
You know, to get this degree, you have to study for a master's degree for at least 8 years, and then you have to spend 12 to 13 years studying for a doctorate. And this also laid the foundation for his later study.
At that time, people's livelihood in the whole country was not optimistic. After many wars, many victims lived in dire straits. Ma raised 2000 taels of silver to help the victims. However, his behavior was strongly opposed by Catholicism. In a rage, the horse quit the church.
Without the church, Ma has more time to study in other countries. After going to Japan, Korea, France and Italy, he found that if a country wants to be rich and strong, it is the foundation of a strong country to study science and run industry. So, he wrote to the court and put forward suggestions and methods, but every time he fell into the sea.
Losing hope in the imperial court, Ma was a little depressed, and he immediately returned to Shanghai. After the experience of officialdom and going abroad, his heart gave birth to a kind of "self-improvement, education-oriented;" The way to seek talent is to establish a school first.
In order to practice the idea of forcing talents by himself, he must raise more funds. He even decided to tear down his home and turn it into a school, and then donated all his land to Catholic management, thus establishing the "Chinese and Western University Hall" fund, which was specially used for students in need.
It can be said that Ma has been studying Xiang Bo all his life. Even in the last turbulent period of the Qing Dynasty, he tried his best to advise the country. Therefore, there is a famous saying that "saving the country does not forget to study, and studying does not forget to save the country".
Build a school, educate people and save the country
Everyone knows the three most famous universities in China: Peking University, Tsinghua and Fudan University. The founder of Fudan University is Ma, which is a profound manifestation of his conscious practical ability.
The predecessor of this school was called Aurora College. Fudan University was re-founded after Ma was expelled from school.
1902, now jiaotong university is also called Nanyang public school, and the "ink bottle incident" happened.
At that time, a teacher in the liberal arts class of Nanyang Public College thought it was a prank of one of the students because the ink bottle was empty. In a rage, I reported to the school that the school eventually dismissed all the students in this class.
This incident caused an uproar at that time. Cai Yuanpei, then the dean, and more than 200 students left the school angrily.
Because of this, Ma accepted a group of students under the introduction of Cai Yuanpei, which started the school he founded. To this end, he also gave the school a resounding name: aurora college. Aurora, which means the rising sun, shoulders the heavy responsibility of opening the dawn of China with education.
After the school was founded, he took "spreading Confucianism and training translators" as his aim. It also emphasized the principle of "attaching importance to literature and art, advocating science and not teaching", which was highly recognized and respected by students at that time.
After Liang Qichao learned about the school founded by Ma, he even praised it: "Today, I saw a complete and organized private school for the first time in my motherland, and I wanted to be ecstatic."
It can be said that the school founded by Ma not only accepted many outstanding students, but also became a gathering place for higher talents.
Ma was not only very enthusiastic about education, but also actively supported the revolution, so he was expelled from school. What's going on here?
1904, a controversial student came to the school. At that time, he openly mocked the political affairs of the Qing government and became a wanted criminal in the imperial court. However, after Ma knew it, he not only didn't drive him away, but also arranged another identity for him to enter school.
At that time, Jesuits wanted to change the school founded by Ma into a church school, so they sent church people to help Ma manage the educational affairs on the grounds that Ma needed rest. In addition to changing the school's teaching policy, they also hope that Ma will not openly oppose the Qing Dynasty, so as not to spread to the church.
Since replacing the horse, the people in the church immediately began a series of changes, abolishing the original system and re-enacting the rules. This runs counter to Ma's aim of running a school, and students are very dissatisfied with it, so they drop out of school to protest.
Ma Xiang Bo showed great contempt for the church's behavior. In desperation, he had to choose to leave with the students.
After losing Aurora University, Ma Xiang Bo didn't give up, but wanted to start another school. At that time, Ma, a famous criminal in the Qing Dynasty, suggested that Xinxue be renamed Fudan, which means to revive the Sinian and strive for self-improvement. I will never forget the belief that aurora college was established in this way, and it is also a kind of intention to revive China.
After listening to Ma's words, he felt very good, so he decided to reopen the school, named Fudan.
This is the origin of Fudan University.
Since he founded the school, Ma has always insisted that only educating people can save the country. Facing the inaction of the imperial court at that time, he made great contributions to the country in his own way.
Selling books to raise money for saving the country.
At the age of 77, Ma heard that Yuan Shikai was restored as emperor, and he hated him deeply, thinking that he was the biggest thief in the world. From then on, he decided to live in seclusion and stop asking about anything in the world.
However, Ma did not give up the cause of revitalization. At the age of 9 1, he saw that the country was in dire straits and he deeply understood how important his contribution was to the country. So he personally published a book and raised 10 million yuan to support the troops with his own works.
Since then, he has delivered a radio speech to save the country for four consecutive months, running all day to save the country. Ma has launched a number of patriotic organizations, and inscribed the couplet "The shame of national subjugation still exists after the war". He is recognized as a national salvation leader and patriotic old man.
Later, because of the war, Ma's illness worsened during the refuge and he had to stay in Vietnam to recuperate. Although he is in a different place, he has been thinking about national security.
On his centenary birthday, the state awarded him an honor, calling him "the light of the country". However, the horse thinks that he has no virtue and no reactive power, and he feels ashamed when he hears a compliment.
When he was dying, he once said, "I'm just a dog. Calling for a hundred years didn't wake China up! "
Later, the news of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War came from the front, and Ma finally saw the dawn of national rejuvenation. However, he did not see the day when the country really became rich and strong. Ma died suddenly due to illness at the age of 100.
Ma lived a life of learning and educating people, and his life was turbulent. He insisted on helping the country in his own way and saving the country with his own strength. Today, Fudan University, which he founded, has trained many outstanding talents. As the ancestor of China's cultural knowledge, he deserves our respect and study.