Yang Zhen has been particularly clever and studious since he was a teenager. At that time, Confucian classics was very popular in the orthodox position of official studies. In order to understand the profound meaning of Confucian classics, he worshipped Yuhuan as a teacher and studied Ouyang Shangshu in depth. Yuhuan, one of the nine big noble in Tang Dynasty, was responsible for the etiquette of ancestral temple and the selection of doctors. He studied Confucian classics from Emperor Zhang of Han Dynasty and Professor He of Han Dynasty, and was an outstanding master of Confucian classics with high academic prestige at that time. Under the professor of Yuhuan, he is proficient in classics, reads widely and has a thorough study of all kinds of knowledge.
Yang Zhen is particularly enthusiastic about education. After the age of 20, he ignored the invitation of the local county governor, recruited him as an official, set up a school wholeheartedly at his own expense, and began his 30-year education career. At that time, he lived in Niuxinyukou at the foot of Huashan Mountain, so he used his father's school to collect disciples and spread his career. He insisted on teaching regardless of wealth, so scholars from all directions came in an endless stream, with more than 2,000 students. Because of his good teaching, great reputation and many students, the school library is like a city with a large collection of books. At that time, there were many locust trees in Niuxinyu, so it was called "Yangzhen Huaishi" at that time. His teaching and educating people is based on innocence and integrity, and his rigorous academic spirit and noble morality are known as "the legacy of Huaicheng". After giving lectures at Niu Xinyu Academy, Yang Zhen also gave lectures at Huayin Shuangquan Academy, and lived in the lake (now Dongsheyuan, Yuling Town, lingbao city City, Henan Province) for nearly ten years, with as many as 65,438 disciples. So at that time, people called Yang Zhen "Kansai Confucius Yang Qi Bo" (later generations also called him "Kansai Confucius"). Professor Yang Zhen's students are many heroes, and many of them have become the pillars of the country. For example, Chen Yi took his anger out on Yang Zhen, and during the reign of Emperor Huan of Han Dynasty, he was an official (the official in charge of national engineering construction).
Yang Zhen has been running a school in his hometown for more than 30 years, and has trained a large number of talents for the society. Therefore, it has great reputation and admiration from far and near. Even General Deng Lu, the military leader who was in charge of the army at that time, was well aware of and respected Yang Zhen's knowledge, fame and conduct, and personally sent someone to recruit Yang Zhan to serve in his shogunate. At this time, Yang Zhennian was 50 years old, and he had to stop his beloved education career and work in Fu Deng. Shortly after arriving at the shogunate of General Deng Lu, Yang Zhen was elected as a "scholar" (that is, "scholar") and served as a local official and order in Xiangcheng (now Xiangcheng County, Hebei Province); In the fourth year of Han 'an (A.D. 1 10), he was promoted to the official of supervising state and county government affairs-Jingzhou Secretariat; In the sixth year of Yongchuan (A.D. 1 12), he was promoted to be the magistrate of Donglai (now Ye County, Shandong Province) and was an official in charge of government affairs in a county. In the first year of Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 1 14), Emperor Han was transferred to Zhuo Jun (now Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province) as the magistrate. In the fourth year of Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 1 17), Yang Zhen entered the imperial court and served as one of the nine ministers in charge of animal husbandry. In December of the same year, he was transferred to Taichang, one of the nine Qing Dynasties, and was in charge of the ritual, music and suburban temple society. In the first year of Yongning (A.D.120th), Emperor Han 'an was promoted to Si Tuleideng, one of the "Three Fairs", in charge of education. In the second year (A.D. 123), Emperor Han 'an was promoted to Qiu, in charge of the military power of the imperial court, and served as Lan Yue for three years. Yang Zhen has been an official for more than 20 years, from shogunate candidate to dismissed Qiu. During these 20 years, Yang Zhen was able to fulfill his duties, handle affairs impartially, be diligent and honest, serve the country and people, and become a model for generations.
Yang Zhen is an honest official who does not seek personal gain. He always takes "being honest and upright" as his motto, and strictly demands that he "be free from personal censure", which is not only a very valuable virtue in ancient times, but also a quality that modern people very welcome and admire.
When Yang Zhen was transferred from Jingzhou secretariat to Donglai satrap, he passed through Changyi (now southeast of Juye County, Shandong Province). Wang Mi, the magistrate of Changyi County, was an official promoted by Cai Mao in Jingzhou. He heard that Yang Zhen was passing by, and in order to repay Yang Zhen's kindness, he specially prepared 10 Jin of gold. After an audience during the day, he took advantage of the quiet night and handed the gold to Yang Zhen. Yang Zhen not only refused to accept it, but also criticized: "I am your old friend and have a close relationship. I know you well, but you don't know me. Why? " Wang Mi said, "Nobody knows tonight." Yang Zhen said, "Heaven knows, earth knows, and I know. How can you say that no one knows? " After being convicted, Wang Mi was ashamed and had to give up. Yang Zhen's story of "losing his gold at dusk" has a great influence at all times, at home and abroad, so later generations called Yang Zhen "Mr. Si Zhi".
Yang Zhen is an official and never seeks personal gain. During his tenure as the prefect of Zhuojun County (now Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province), he never asked for help or accepted bribes, nor did he ask for help, invite people, ask people, entertain guests or give gifts for personal reasons. His descendants, like ordinary people, eat vegetables and walk and live a very simple life. Relatives and friends advised him to buy some industries for future generations, but Yang Zhen resolutely refused. He said, "Let the world call them descendants of' innocent officials'. This is not a rich legacy! "
Yang is really a meritocratic official, selecting and appointing talents. In the fourth year of Emperor Han 'an (A.D. 1 17), Yang Zhen was transferred to the imperial court as a servant, and later promoted to Taichang. Before Yang Zhen took office, most doctoral elections were not worthy of the name. After Yang Zhen became an official, he chose Liu Chen and Yang Lun. They are all famous scholars who are familiar with Confucian classics and have extraordinary knowledge. They can carry forward and are praised by Confucian scholars. In the second year, Yang Zhen replaced Liu Kai as Qiu, the uncle of Emperor Gengbao of Han 'an, who lived in Dahonglu (one of the nine sons of Qing Dynasty, in charge of etiquette), and recommended Zhong Chang Shi (an official who conveyed imperial edicts and documents) to Yang Zhen, asking him to be an official. Yang Zhen resolutely refused. So Geng Bao personally went to Yang Zhen's residence and threatened: "Li Changshi is a person that the emperor values very much. He wants you to recruit his brother to be an official. I just want to convey the meaning of the emperor to you. " Yang Zhen said sternly: "If the imperial court wants to recruit anyone from the' three public offices', it should send the imperial edict of Shangshu. How can you convey the meaning of the emperor? " Geng Bao was speechless and resentful. Yan Xian, the queen's brother, who lives in the Golden House (supervising the governor and the third assistant), also used his power to recommend his relatives and friends to Yang Zhen as an official, and Yang Zhen also refused. After hearing the news, Sikong Liu Shou, who is in charge of engineering construction, immediately recruited the two men as officials and promoted them in a short time. In contrast, we can see how aboveboard and selfless Yang Zhen is as an official. But Yang Zhen therefore called Yan Xian resentful.
Yang is really an official who hates evil and dares to speak out. In the first year of Yongning, Liu Kai was replaced as Stuart. The following year, after the death of Empress Dowager Deng, the pets around the emperor in the imperial court began to run wild. Wang Sheng, Han Andy's wet nurse, is deeply trusted and respected by Andy because of her efforts and efforts in maintaining Andy since she was a child. Taking advantage of this position, Wang Sheng was arrogant, and even his daughter Bo Rong often went out of the forbidden palace to pay bribes. Therefore, Yang Zhen wrote to Andi: "I heard that since ancient times, the administration mainly selected talents with both ability and political integrity to govern the country, and the management mainly punished and eliminated those who violated the law and discipline. Therefore, in the era of Tang Yao and Yu Shun, talented people were officials in the DPRK, and the wicked were exiled and imprisoned, which convinced the people all over the world and made the country prosperous. In today's world, nine kinds of morality, such as loyalty, faithfulness, respect, rigidity, softness, harmony, honesty, chastity and obedience, which were highly praised by the ancients, have not been carried forward, but lucky villains are everywhere in the imperial court. Sister Wang Sheng, from humble origins, got a golden opportunity to support the holy family. Despite the hard work of pushing your majesty dry and living wet, the wealth and glory your majesty has given her before and after have far exceeded her credit. However, her insatiable psychology was not satisfied, and she often interacted with courtiers, accepted bribes, asked for help, and disturbed her death, which damaged the reputation of the court's incorruptibility, just like the sun and the moon. Shangshu once warned: the hen crowing is an ominous sign; The Book of Songs also satirizes that treacherous and resourceful women's participation in politics is the root of national mourning. In the past, he bowed to his mother's wishes and allowed his younger brother Uncle Duan to be arrogant and illegal. Therefore, Duan Shu was ready to rebel and had to kill his younger brother by violent means. The Spring and Autumn Period held a derogatory attitude towards this matter, thinking that it was immoral for Zheng Zhuanggong to "punish without teaching". Since ancient times, treacherous women and villains have been difficult to get along with. If you get close to them, they will play and indulge. If you alienate them, they will hold a grudge again. I ching said:' If you can't get what you want, you can only do housework at home', which means that treacherous women can't give thousands of political affairs. So you should send your mother out of the palace quickly, let her live outside, and at the same time block the communication between her daughter and the palace, so that your kindness and virtue can continue, which is good for your majesty and your mother. Please abandon the children's affairs that hinder the overall situation, cut off the kindness and indecision that are harmful to the country, concentrate on the daily affairs of the court, use the right of honoring the title with caution, reduce the following tribute and taxes, and make all the' He Mingren' who have both ability and political integrity gather around your majesty to contribute to the court; Let the scholar-officials who are officials in the imperial court not regret being officials because of unclear political affairs; Don't extort money from vassal States to make them dissatisfied; Let the people live and work in peace and contentment, and do not blame the court. It is wonderful to follow the way of governing the country after the sages and compete with the wise and great philosopher Wang Bide! " After Andy in the book, Andy not only refused to adopt Yang Zhen's advice, but also showed the paper to wet nurse Wang Sheng, which deepened their hatred for Yang Zhen. On the other hand, these people think that with the protection of the emperor, their behavior is more arrogant and indulgent. Bo Rong, the daughter of the wet nurse, got carried away for a moment and hooked up with Liu Gui, a distant cousin of her late husband. Liu Gui became a traitor. Liu Gui became a wife because of snobbery. So Andi let Liu Gui inherit the title of Liu Hu and the position of officer-to-lieutenant. In this regard, Yang Zhen resolutely opposed it and wrote to Andi again: "I heard that when Emperor Gaozu was in office, he met the minister. I am not a meritorious minister, and I am not allowed to pay tribute to him. In the succession of titles, since ancient times, the father died and the son succeeded, and the younger brother died to prevent others from usurping the title. My distant cousin Liu Gui thought Hou, while my younger brother Liu Wei was still alive. Why not let Wei Liu take the title of his brother Liu Hu and let Liu Gui take it? It is said that the Emperor of Heaven only made meritorious deeds, and the vassals were given titles by virtue. Now Liu Gui doesn't have any credit and virtue, just because she was married to her mother's daughter and was in office for a period of time, she was blocked. This is neither in line with the old system set by Gaozu, nor with morality, so that all the civil and military officials in the Qing Dynasty are talking about it, and the people are puzzled. Please learn from history and follow the rules that emperors should follow. It is very popular and safe in the world. " For Yang Zhen's advice again, the fatuous Andi still went his own way and ignored it.
When Yang Zhen was appointed Qiu in Yan Guangnian, Andi sent messengers to build a mansion for his mother. Servants Fan Feng, Zhou Guang, Xie Hui and others helped the court shake. To this end, Yang Zhen wrote to Andy: "I heard that if you farm for nine years, you must have three years' reserve savings. Therefore, when Yao Di was hit by floods, people still had food and clothing, and were not tortured by hunger and Russia. I think, now that the disaster has happened and is expanding day by day, the people's reserves are empty and they can't be self-sufficient. In addition, the plague of locusts continued, Qiang and Lu invaded and plundered, the border ports were constantly in earthquake, and the supply of military forces, grain and grass was difficult, and the treasury assets in charge of the old farmers were scarce. I'm afraid the country has reached the point where it is difficult to settle down. I just saw the emperor's decree to build a mansion for my mother at the gate of Tianjin. The two squares are combined into one, occupying all the streets, and the carving and decoration are extremely beautiful. Today's midsummer is the time when agricultural production is busy. In the case of serious natural disasters, empty state treasury and busy agriculture, isn't it appropriate to use a lot of manpower, financial resources and material resources to remove mountains and stones and build yamen? In particular, the use of masters, Zuo Xue and other officials to build dozens of yamen, compared with each other, the cost is over 100 million, and the cost is particularly huge. Zhou Guang and Xie Yun, two brothers, are neither important relatives of the emperor nor aristocratic families with royal branches and leaves. They only rely on the little people who are closely related to the emperor and share power with Fan Feng, Wang Yong and others, and entrust them all over the county, using power to shock the ministers, and the Prime Minister's office wants to recruit talents, mostly by their glances. Almost all the recruits are incompetent people who buy officials by bribery, and even some in the past. Some vagrants and unruly people have also regained high positions through bribery, so that black and white are reversed and world public opinion is in an uproar. It is said that the status of the upper class is bought with money, which has attracted countless satires and abuse from the court. I once heard a teacher say that if the country collects too much tribute from the people, the people will complain when the money runs out and rebel when they are exhausted. The people are separated from the imperial court. How can the imperial court rely on the people? So Confucius said,' If people don't talk about life, how can you talk about life?' Please think it over. When Xie Hui and others saw that Andi didn't listen to Yang Zhen's repeated remonstrance, they became more and more unscrupulous, so they forged documents and allocated all the money, food and many existing timber managed by Si Nong. They started their own homes, gardens and Lu Guan, and spent countless human and financial resources.
In order to persuade the emperor to be close to sages and stay away from villains, Yang Zhen wrote to Xuan Di again because of the earthquake in Beijing, saying, "Fortunately, the emperor loves him, but he can't promote righteousness and reconcile yin and yang. Last year1February 4th, an earthquake occurred in Beijing. I once heard the teacher say,' the earth is the essence of yin, so it should silently accept yang.' There is an earthquake now, because Yin Qi is too strong. On the day of the earthquake, Chen Du, who was in the middle of the whole day, and Chen Du, who was in the soil branch, ranked fifth. Coupled with the earthquake, all three aspects are dirt, and its symbol should refer to the palace, which is a sign that the eunuchs around the emperor are too arrogant to intervene. I think your majesty is often worried that the unfinished border war needs a lot of money and materials, so his life is extremely frugal. The palace wall is tilted, supported only by columns, and no construction is carried out. This is to let the people near and far know the financial difficulties of the country, and the emperor took the lead in carrying out political cleansing, so that the people can learn to follow the example of the emperor and live frugally. And those lucky little people around your majesty are bitter with the emperor, arrogant and extravagant, acting beyond the rules of etiquette, recruiting talents, building houses, showing off their strength, bullying the city, and causing resentment among the people all over the world. Now, the earthquake happened in Beijing. I'm afraid I was punished by God's anger. Besides, it didn't snow last winter and it didn't rain this spring. Officials are very anxious about this, and those snobs around your majesty are still repairing it. This is the real reason why it hasn't rained for a long time. The history book says:' Only a monarch can govern for happiness, and officials cannot follow suit.' Please be resolute and upright, banish those lucky villains who are arrogant and illegal, stop the spread of those demagogic rumors, sincerely accept God's warning, and stop letting those lucky princes and villains continue to hold real power and bully, then the world and the country will be lucky. "
Yang Zhen's plays before and after were tactfully sincere and to the point. Andy didn't listen at all, annoyed and dissatisfied. Fan Feng and others expressed doubt and disgust. But because Yang Zhen was a famous Confucian at that time, his fame was too great to harm him. Soon there was a man named Zhao Teng in Hejian (now Xiongxian County, Hebei Province) who went to the palace gate and wrote a letter criticizing the state affairs. Andy was very angry after reading it. He ordered Zhao Teng to be arrested and tortured, and finally closed the case on the charge of falsely accusing the emperor. After Yang Zhen knew it, he immediately wrote to rescue Zhao Teng. He said: "I heard that in the Yao and Shun era, drums were played in the imperial court, and monuments were erected to encourage officials and people to criticize the emperor;" The wise monarchs in the Yin and Zhou Dynasties paid special attention to the people's grievances and dissatisfaction, so as to correct their shortcomings and mistakes in governing the country and educate and influence the people with morality. The reason for this is to let the people speak freely and let the people at the bottom speak freely, so as to widely adopt public opinion and broaden collective wisdom. Although Zhao Teng has been convicted of violent impact on state affairs, he is obviously different from those criminals who kill and set fire. I ask your majesty to reduce the charges that have been set and save Zhao Teng's life, so as to encourage the people at the lowest level to speak openly, so as to open their minds and learn lessons. " Andy saw Yang Zhan's memorial, but he still didn't wake up, so he took Zhao Teng to the city to be beheaded.
In the spring of the third year of Yan Guang (A.D. 124), Andi traveled to Mount Tai in the east, and others took advantage of the emperor's cruise to build great buildings. Shu Gao, an official in Yang Zhen's rafters, called the official history inquiry of the Master Craftsman's Office, and obtained criminal evidence such as forged letters by Fan Feng and others, so Yang Zhen prepared to write the paper, and wrote the paper after Andi returned to Beijing.
Fan Feng and others were very scared when they learned the news. At this time, a natural astrological change happened. Tai Shigong said that the stars turned retrograde, indicating that people and ministers rebelled and committed crimes. Fan Feng and others took the opportunity to blame Yang Zhen for the change of this day, and made a rumor and framed Yang Zhen in front of Andi, saying, "After Zhao Teng's death, Yang Zhen had a deep resentment against the imperial court. Yang Zhen, a student of Deng's, has always held a grudge against the court. " When Andy returned from driving eastbound and was ready to choose the auspicious palace, he sent an envoy overnight to seize Yang Zhen's captain Yin Slo, so Yang Zhen closed the door and refused all guests to visit. Fan Feng and others still felt that the trap to feel avenged was not enough, so General Geng Bao wrote this letter again, framing Yang Zhen as resentful of the court's seizure of his seal and guilty of refusing to accept the disposal. Andy wrote a letter to Yang Zhen, asking him to go back to his hometown. After receiving the imperial edict, Yang Zhen immediately set off for his hometown. Passing the Yangting Pavilion in the west of Luoyang, he said passionately to his son and master, "Death is the duty of a scholar-bureaucrat. I was indebted to the holy government and became the boss. I hate treacherous traitors, and I can't punish them. Women who hate treacherous court officials cannot be banned. How dare I live in this world? After I die, I will make a coffin board out of miscellaneous wood and a shroud out of coarse cloth. It will not be sent back to the ancestral home, nor will it be sacrificed. " Then he drank poisoned wine and died. I was over 70 years old at that time. The prefect of Hongnong moved to Liangliang, adhering to the will of Fan Feng and others, he sent someone to stop Yang Zhen's hearse in Shan County, and was not allowed to transport it back to his hometown, leaving Lingshu Building on the roadside, leaving it exposed to the sun and rain. Yang Zhen's sons were sent to hard labor to deliver letters instead of the postman, and everyone wept for them.
A year later, Han ascended the throne, and all of them were executed. Yang Zhen's disciples Yu Fang, Chen Yi and others sent a letter to Shun Di, demanding that Yang Zhen's unjust case be re-investigated. At that time, the court praised Yang's integrity and loyalty, so Shun Di wrote a letter to Yang Zhen to rehabilitate him. Besides paying homage to Yang Zhen's two sons and giving him millions, he also wrote a letter to rebury Yang Zhen in Huayin Tongting with high etiquette. On the day of reburial, people from far and near came to attend the funeral in an endless stream to commemorate this honest, upright, hateful and outspoken good man Qiu.
Yang Zhen, male, Han nationality, president of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, professor, doctoral supervisor, deputy to the 10th National People's Congress, vice-chairman of the Central Committee of China Agricultural Workers' Democratic Party, and vice-chairman of Jiangsu Province of Agricultural Workers' Party. 196 1 was born in Wujin, Jiangsu. I graduated from Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications with a bachelor's degree 1983, a master's degree 1988, and a doctor's degree 1999. 1992 ——1993 went to the University of Bremen in the Federal Republic of Germany, and went to the University of Maryland in 2003 for further study. In April 2000, he served as deputy director of the Information Engineering Department of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, vice president of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications in 200 1, and president of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications in June 2006.
He is currently the director of the Higher Education Branch of the National Electronic Education Society, the executive director of china institute of communications, and the chairman of the Jiangsu Communication Society; Deputy Director of Editorial Board of Journal of China University of Posts and Telecommunications (English Edition), Deputy Director of Editorial Board of Data Acquisition and Processing, Deputy Director of Editorial Board of ZTE Technology and Jiangsu Communication Technology, and Chairman of Editorial Expert Committee of Undergraduate Electronic Information Specialty of xidian university Publishing House; He is a member of the expert group of the 4th Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, the chairman of the teaching steering committee for training software talents in colleges and universities in Jiangsu Province, the consultant of the expert advisory committee of the Standing Committee of Nanjing Gulou District People's Congress, the independent director of Nanjing Putian Communication Co., Ltd., and the director of the Key Laboratory of Speech and Intelligent Signal Processing of the Ministry of Information Industry.
He has been engaged in the teaching and research of signal and information processing and communication theory and technology for a long time. He presided over and participated in more than 10 national "863", natural science foundation, provincial and ministerial level, university level and cooperative scientific research projects, published more than 100 academic papers in academic journals and conferences at home and abroad, and applied for 2 patents. 1996 was awarded the title of "outstanding young backbone teacher" in ordinary colleges and universities in Jiangsu province, 200 1 was awarded the title of "outstanding educator" in Jiangsu province, and in 2006, it was awarded the title of "advanced academic worker" by China Institute of Electronic Education. 1998, 200 1 was selected as the training object of discipline leaders of "333 Project" (the third level) in Jiangsu Province and "Blue Project" in Jiangsu Province. He has won four special prizes for teaching achievements in universities in Jiangsu Province, the first prize for a class of excellent courses in ordinary universities in Jiangsu Province, the multimedia network courseware 1 award from the Ministry of Education, the excellent thesis 1 award from the China Higher Education Teaching Research Association and two excellent papers from natural sciences.
Professor Yang Zhen, Ph.D., a native of Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, is currently the Party Secretary of Heilongjiang University and the doctoral supervisor of civil and commercial law at Heilongjiang University. 1980 graduated from the philosophy department of Heilongjiang University in February and stayed as a teacher. He went to China University of Political Science and Law and Southwest University School of Political Science and Law to study law. After returning to school, I mainly engaged in the teaching and research of civil and commercial law. He used to be deputy secretary and secretary of the General Party Branch of the Law Department of Heilongjiang University, 1998 deputy secretary and vice president of the Party Committee of Heilongjiang University, and secretary of the Party Committee of Heilongjiang University in 2004 10. At the same time, he also serves as director of china law society, director of China Commercial Law Research Association, vice president of Heilongjiang Law Society, member of Heilongjiang Science and Technology Economic Advisory Committee, member of Harbin Municipal People's Congress Standing Committee, and deputy director of Legal Committee.
In the teaching and research of civil and commercial law for more than 20 years, he has written many textbooks and monographs such as New Theory of Company Law, Important Theory of Negotiable Instruments Law, New Theory of Inheritance Law and Introduction to Philosophy of Legal Value 10, and published academic papers "On the Perfection of Corporate Governance System in China" in academic journals such as Legal Research and Qiushi Magazine. After more than 20 years of study and exploration, I have gradually formed my own academic style, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects: China's real right legislation should establish a concept delivery system, the inheritance law should sort out and clarify the concept of inheritance legislation, and China's corporate governance institutions should be discussed in many aspects.