Bibliography of works:
Lao Zhang's Philosophy (Novel) 1928, Business.
Zhao Ziyue (Novel) 1928, Business.
Erma (novel) 193 1, business
Introduction to Literature (Theory) Lecture 193 1, cheeloo university College of Literature.
Xiaopo's Birthday (Novel) 1934, Life
Cat City (Novel) 1933, Modern
Divorce (novel) 1933, good friends
Lao She's Humorous Poems
1934 generation
Phil (collection of short stories) 1934, good friend.
Sakura Sea Collection (Short Stories Collection) 19Z9, Human.
Collection of mussels and algae (short stories) 1936, Wu.
An old ox and a broken car (creative experience) 1937, human.
Three-person Tuan Yi (Quyi Collection) 1938, Chongqing Independent Publishing Company.
The appearance of a camel (novel) 1939, human; Revised edition, 1955, Humanities
Train Collection (Collection of Short Stories) 1939, Part One.
Residual fog (drama) 1940, business
Dr. Wen (novel, also known as voter) 1940, Hong Kong authors bookstore.
Zhang Zizhong (Drama) 194 1, Huazhong Bookstore.
The land of dragons and snakes (drama) 194 1, National Book Publishing House.
Jianbei Pian (Poetry Collection) 1942, Publishing Department of Literature and Art Award Management Committee.
Return to Xi (Drama) 1943, Writers Bookstore.
The Supreme Realm (Drama) co-authored by Song Zhi, 1943, Southern Publishing House.
Who goes to Chongqing first (drama) 1943, Chongqing Lianyou Publishing House.
Spring Breeze of Peach and Plum (drama, also known as Jin Shengyu Bao) was co-authored with Zhao Qingge.
L943, Chinese and Western Bookstore.
Anemia Collection (Short Stories Collection) 1944. Wenyu publishing house
Cremation (novel) 1944, morning light
Confusion (novel, also known as Four Generations under One Family) 1) 1944, good friend.
You drag out an ignoble existence (novel, also known as "Four Generations under One roof" Part II) 1946, Chen Guang
Bashan Collection in the East China Sea (Short Stories Collection) 1946, Xinfeng Publishing House.
Collection of micro-gods (short stories) 1947, Chen guang
Crescent Moon Collection (Short Stories Collection)
1948, Chen guang
Pearl of the Square (Drama) 1950: Morning Light
Longxugou (drama) 195 1, Volkswagen
Selected works of Lao She
195 1, enlightened
Stone (Drama) 1953, Humanities
Selected short stories of Lao She
19567, humanities
Fu (Prose Collection) Beijing 1958
Teahouse (Drama) 1958, Drama
In office (short story) 1958, writer.
Four generations under one roof (a novel, also known as the trilogy of Confusion, drag out an ignoble existence and Famine) consists of two volumes.
1959, Baihua; L-3 department, Sichuanese
Under the red flag (novel), humanities
Outside Lao She's collection of novels
Beijing 1982
Collection of Lao She's Literary Criticism
1982, from Anhui
Selected Works of Lao She (Volume 1-4) 1982, Sichuanese.
Complete Works of Lao She's Plays (1-4 Volumes) 1982, Drama
Selected poems of Lao She's new poems
Huashan 1983
Four generations under one roof supplement (novel) 1983, Baihua
Selected essays of Lao She
Baihua 1984
Lao She (1899.2.3. —— 1966.8.24)
Lao She is a famous modern writer and playwright in China. Formerly known as Shu Qingchun, she Yu, pen names Summer Xu, Honglai, Feiwo, etc. Lao She is his most commonly used pen name.
Lao She is a Manchu. 1899 was born in a poor family in Xiaoyangjia Hutong, Xicheng, Beijing. Lao She's father is a guard guarding the imperial city. 1900 was killed in street fighting against Eight-Nation Alliance's invasion. Since then, the whole family has relied on the meager income of mother sewing clothes and doing odd jobs. Lao She spent a difficult childhood and adolescence in painting. The daily life of the complex made him familiar with drivers, handicraft workers, small traders, inferior artists, prostitutes and other urban poor struggling at the bottom of society, and knew their joys and sorrows. Life in the compound made him like the traditional arts (such as Quyi and drama) circulating in the streets and lanes since he was a child, and he was attracted by their charm. From this environment, he received a different life education and artistic enlightenment from most modern writers in China. All these have had a great influence on him and left a distinct mark on his creation.
1906, with the support of others, Lao She went to a private school to study. Three years later, I transferred to another school. 19 13, I was admitted to Beijing Normal School, and all the school accommodation was provided by the state. 19 18 Lao She graduated from Beijing Normal University. After graduation, she served as the principal of the seventeenth public primary school in Beijing and concurrently served as the principal of Chinese studies. When the May 4th Movement called for democracy, science and personality liberation, he was awakened from the life creed of "running a primary school conscientiously, respectfully serving his mother, getting married and having children properly" (what the May 4th Movement gave me), he made a new choice. 1September, 922, Lao She resigned from all her posts and went to the middle school of Tianjin Nankai School, which is famous for its enlightened new school, as a teacher of Guo Wen, where she wrote the first new literary work Jason Chung. The May 4th Movement urged him to get rid of the shackles of feudalism and secularism and seek a more meaningful life than he had already got.
1924, Lao She went to England and worked as a Chinese lecturer at Oriental College of London University. The colorful world and strong homesickness drew him into the paradise of literature. He read a lot of English works and began to write novels in his spare time. He wrote Lao Zhang's Philosophy, Zhao Ziyue and Ermayina. Joining the Literature Research Association from 65438 to 0926, Lao She found works worthy of dedication and a full life in her literary career. From the very beginning, his creation showed the characteristics of realism, with distinct artistic personality from language, style, content and theme. /kloc-in the summer of 0/929, Lao She returned to China via France, Germany, Italy and Singapore. In July of the following year, I went to teach in cheeloo university. 1934 was hired as a professor at Qingdao Shandong University. Continue writing novels after school. Cat City Story (1932), Divorce Story (1933), Legend of Niu Tianci (1934), Crescent Moon (1935), Xiangzi Camel (1935). The novel Camel Xiangzi, in particular, shows the writer's sincere sympathy and profound understanding for the urban poor and becomes Lao She's main masterpiece. Camel Xiangzi is one of China's best works in 1930s, and it is also an excellent novel in modern China. It established Lao She's important position in the history of modern literature in China. After being translated into English in the1940s, it also won the love of foreign readers.
After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Lao She went south to Hankou and Chongqing alone. 1938 In March, the All-China Anti-Enemy Association of Literary and Art Circles was established in Wuhan. He was elected as the director and director of the general affairs department, responsible for the daily affairs of the association. In creation, he wrote various forms of literary and artistic works with the theme of resisting Japan and saving the nation. There are drama Remnant Fog, novel Cremation and Four Generations under One Family. 1June, 939, participated in the condolence group of the North Road of the National Comfort Federation to express condolences to the soldiers and civilians in the Anti-Japanese War. In the past six months, it has traveled more than 20,000 miles, passing through Sichuan, Hubei, Henan, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Qinghai, Gansu and Sui provinces, including Yan 'an and Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia anti-Japanese democratic base areas. All these have broadened his horizons and enriched his life, and his political attitude has obviously become radical. In the later period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he joined the growing democratic movement. The above changes are also clearly reflected in his creation. In Jinan, Wuhan, Chongqing and other places, he discussed the problem of writing drum lyrics during the Anti-Japanese War with artists who sang Quyi. He also wrote many popular works to publicize the Anti-Japanese War in various ancient forms, including Beijing opera, drum lyrics, cross talk, counting treasures, pendants, dramas and so on. , for artists to perform. At the beginning of 1944, Lao She began to write the novel "Four Generations of a Family", depicting all the people in this ancient city at the critical moment of national survival with strong oil paints, and describing in detail the inner conflicts and awakening of the middle and lower class residents who were deeply bound by traditional concepts, which included whipping and expectation for them, adding many colorful and thoughtful frames to his numerous descriptions of Beijing citizens.
After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory,1March, 946, Lao She went to the United States to give lectures at the invitation of the State Council. After the expiration, he lived in the United States and worked as a writer.
1949 10 10/day, People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded. /kloc-On June 38, 0/3, Lao She immediately set off for home, and successively served as the vice chairman of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, Chinese Writers Association and China Folk Literature and Art Research Association. He participated in political, social, cultural and friendly exchanges with foreign countries with great enthusiasm, engaged in the reform of traditional art, attached importance to the training and counseling of young literary and art workers, and created famous dramas such as Teahouse and Longxugou. 195 1 year, the drama Longxugou was staged, which aroused strong response from the literary and art circles and society. An old writer from old China can write such excellent works praising new China in a short time, and his success has aroused widespread admiration, so Lao She was awarded the title of "People's Artist". He tried to understand and experience a new life, which was reflected in his works and wrote a historical leap.
In the later creation, the most successful plays are Teahouse (1957) and novel Under the Red Flag (196 1 ~ 1962, unfinished). The former takes a teahouse in Beijing as the stage, showing the life scenes and historical trends in three different periods: after the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898 in the late Qing Dynasty, during the period when the Northern Warlords were in power and before the collapse of the Kuomintang government in the early Republic of China. Compact structure, sharp conflicts and rich social life reappear in one go. Although it has a strong sense of tragedy, it jumps the pulse of the times, shows the strength of the people and the trend of historical progress, and has an inherent spirit of historical optimism. This marks the important development of the writer's thought and realistic creation method. Teahouse is one of the best plays on the stage of contemporary China drama. When performing in some western European countries, it is known as "the miracle on the oriental stage". Lao She is one of the most diversified writers in modern China, and has made outstanding achievements in many fields. In Lao She's view, "it not only shows the most precious political enthusiasm of an artist, but also shows the real courage of an equally valuable artist" (Zhou Yang's What to Learn from Longxugou? ), with a strong sense of social responsibility and artistic innovation spirit, he has tirelessly dabbled in all fields of literary creation, never satisfied with any achievements he has made, and has been able to make important progress and breakthroughs in his creative career for more than 40 years.
In the history of modern literature, Lao She's name is always closely related to the citizens and the theme of Beijing. He is an outstanding painter of local conditions and customs in modern literature in China, especially in Beijing. He combined history with reality, from the natural scenery throughout the year, the social atmosphere and customs of different times, to the joys, sorrows and subtle mentality of various characters, and formed a complete and "Beijing flavor" world. This is a special contribution of Lao She in the history of modern literature.
Lao She, an outstanding writer and artist, was brutally persecuted during the "Cultural Revolution" and died on August 24th, 1966 because of unbearable humiliation.
Introduction to the work:
Lao she's drama collection
Residual Fog, Zhang Zizhong, Face Problem, Shenquan, Lotus Beads Matching, Guixitian, Qin Brothers, Square Beads, Longxugou, Chunhua Qiushi, Teahouse, Salesgirl, Ground Dragon Snake, Liujing, Danxue, Frog Riding, Family Photo.
Lao She's Collection of Novels
Death, Lao Zhang's Philosophy, Drummer, Doctor Wen, Cremation, Unknown Highland, Xiaopo's Birthday, Under the Red Flag, Legend of Niu Tianci, Zhao Ziyue, Erma, Divorce, Camel Xiangzi and Cat City.
Laoshe's short stories
Market, hot steamed bread, love for children, children's dream, outside Dabei Temple, Mr. breeches, market opening, long hair, courtyard, holding grandchildren, black and white plums, glasses, iron cows and sick ducks, which are also triangular areas, mussels and algae gathering, taking office and offering sacrifices. Sunshine, cherry blossom collection, time-honored brand, ghost gun, heard stories, old tragedies in the new era, talking about houses, Mouliede in the tomb of the new Han Dynasty, mourning, train collection, burning cars, things, unity of people, killing dogs, my life and letters from home. A bucket of battery cigarettes, an episode, people who don't lie, making diseases, enemies and friends, telephone, dog morning, remembering lazy people, democratic world, Spitoon of Niu Boss, salary increase of Shen Ge, life and death field, small bell, new emir, Yuxingchi, etc.
Lao She's Quyi Works
Today, I have accumulated a lot of money, and my life is full of fragrance-Song Wu, a fake doctor, a professor, she remembers, two anti-Japanese folk songs, an empty city plan, accusing Bao Puzi-drum calligraphy characters, gifts, love songs, exile, chaotic descriptions, explanatory vernacular, Qin Benxiu's self-report, phlegm fans, children's children's children's children's children's children's music life, heroic hymns on New Year's Day. Ghost songs, state funerals, celebrating the New Year, overseas new voices, peaceful liberation of Tibet, red salesgirl, red leaves, on the way to Chongqing, the March of Mongolian youth, the story of their daughters, praising the capital, youth, youth commandos, Qingming, Japan's withdrawal, mopping up Wuqi, the mountain is too high to stop the sun, the fairy resigned, production and employment, persimmon harvest, Shujiang boat songs, double opposition, Zhalan.
(1899 ~ 1966), a famous modern novelist and dramatist. Originally known as Shu Qingyu, she Yu, Manchu. Lao She was born in a poor family in Beijing. 19 18 graduated from Beijing normal university and worked as a primary and secondary school teacher. During the May 4th New Culture Movement, he began to write in vernacular Chinese. 1924 went to Britain to give lectures and create literature. From 65438 to 0930, he returned to China and worked as a professor at cheeloo university in Jinan and Shandong University in Qingdao. 1937, the masterpiece and famous novel Camel Xiangzi came out. From 65438 to 0946, he went to the United States to give lectures and create works, and the novel "A Family of Four Generations" with nearly one million words came out. /kloc-returned to China at the end of 0/949, and wrote 23 plays, including Longxugou, Looking at Chang 'an in the West, Teahouse and Fifteen Passes of Peking Opera. 195 1 year, Beijing Municipal People's Government awarded him the honorary title of "People's Artist". The passage "Grassland" is taken from an interview named "Scenery of Inner Mongolia" written by Lao She.