1, University:
"University" is an essay on Confucian thoughts of self-cultivation, governing the country and leveling the world. Originally the 42nd Book of Rites Dai Xiao, it is said that it was written by Ceng Zi during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. In fact, it is a Confucian work in the Qin and Han Dynasties, and it is an important work for China to discuss educational theory in ancient times.
After being highly praised by Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi in the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhu in the Southern Song Dynasty wrote "University Chapters and Sentences", which was finally called "Four Books" together with The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, "Da Xue" became the official textbook of the school and the required reading of the imperial examination, which had a great influence on the ancient education in China.
2. The golden mean:
The Doctrine of the Mean is a monograph on moral philosophy in the field of life cultivation in ancient China. It originally belonged to Chapter 31 of the Book of Rites and is one of the Confucian classics. It is said that it was written by Zisi during the Warring States Period.
Its content affirms that "the golden mean" is the highest standard of moral behavior, regards "sincerity" as the noumenon of the world, thinks that "sincerity" reaches the highest realm of life, and puts forward the learning process and cognitive methods of "erudition, questioning, deliberation, discernment and perseverance".
Extended data:
The outlook on life put forward by the university is inextricably linked with Confucianism, which is basically a further expansion of the Confucian outlook on life. This outlook on life requires paying attention to personal cultivation and embracing positive goals. This kind of cultivation and requirement is mainly based on Confucian morality.
The three cardinal guides and eight aims have class nature, and "virtue" and "supreme goodness" are the political requirements and ethical standards of feudalism for monarchs. Eight items, such as "discipline" and "knowledge", require the combination of political ideas and ethical thoughts in the three programs in terms of self-cultivation.
University also inherited Confucius' theory of benevolent government and Mencius' theory of people-oriented. The rulers in "University" all pretend to be "elders" and "people's parents", but in fact they still say so from the standpoint of exploiters.
Their so-called "love for the people" and "non-violence" are just to maintain the economic foundation of their superstructure-productivity. Only in this way can their unproductive and exploitative lives be consolidated.
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