The reasons that affect college students' career development and planning are: severe employment situation, lack of correct career guidance in colleges and universities, lack of self-awareness and ignorance of external environment.

Higher vocational colleges do not set up majors according to the characteristics of "vocational skills". Some management classes and popular majors are even competing with universities. Society, students and parents don't know enough about the concept of running a higher vocational school, and blindly set up some majors that don't meet the characteristics of vocational education, which artificially causes employment tension.

College students' self-awareness affects their career planning.

College students' recognition of majors and their recognition of professional employment prospects. The major determines the future career direction to a certain extent. If college students are dissatisfied with their majors or have vague attitudes, it will inevitably affect the development of their own potential, and it is difficult to choose future jobs.

In addition, college students' cognition of themselves is also an important factor in career planning. College students don't understand their hobbies, advantages and disadvantages, and can't objectively analyze their conditions and qualities, which will easily lead to future graduates' lack of self-confidence and sense of competition, confusion and fear of entering the society.