Andersen is one of the greatest fairy tale writers in the world. 1805 was born in a shoemaker's family in odense. My father died at the age of 1 1, and my mother washed clothes for a living. His mother was discriminated against for working in cold water all day and refreshing herself with wine to resist the cold. These bitter years are truly and warmly reflected in his fairy tale "She is a Waste". Poverty didn't kill his dream of pursuing a happy future, but meanness strengthened his determination to work hard. He fantasizes about becoming a singer, actor or playwright. /kloc-at the age of 0/4, he went to Copenhagen alone, but only got a small role job at the Royal Theatre. Later, with the support of a kind and enthusiastic person, he studied for a period of time and entered the University of Copenhagen. /kloc-Romanticism swept the Danish literary world in the first half of the 0/9th century. The Ugly Duckling practices Andersen's own creative ideas. This really comes from his own "real life", which contains profound thoughts on life, which is meaningful to read and memorable, and gives people useful life enlightenment. The early life environment of the ugly duckling in The Ugly Duckling is very bad. Mother duck hatched a flock of ducklings. The duckling that finally emerged from its shell was "really too big" and was recognized as "ugly" because it was different, so it was "pecked everywhere, squeezed out and laughed at" among the chickens and ducks, and even its mother duck wanted to keep it away. So the poor duckling ran away. The outside world is more dangerous. The hunter's shotgun went bang, bang, and his new friend, two male geese, bled to death. He was almost bitten by a big hunting dog. It ran away again and entered a farmhouse with cats and hens. Because it can't lay eggs like a hen or "arch its back, purr and generate sparks" like a cat, it is deprived of the right to speak by hens and male cats. His wish to "swim in the water" was ridiculed as "strange idea" and he had to leave the hens and cats who claimed to be his "true friends". It came to the "wide world". It saw a group of beautiful big birds flying to a warm country here. Their soaring makes it "feel an indescribable excitement" and "never forget". But when winter came, it froze to death and fainted on the ice. It was not until the terrible winter that it was taken in by a kind farmer. Don't peer bullying, external violence and ignorance of mediocrity have many similarities with the sarcasm and bullying that Andersen suffered in his early years? The ugly duckling does have the shadow of Andersen. The pain of the ugly duckling comes not only from violence and hunger and cold, but also from spiritual discrimination and separation. The latter is far more harmful than the former, and it becomes an eternal pain in the soul. From the perspective of social psychology, people can only know themselves among their peers and can only be recognized by their peers. Beyond the scope of the same kind, it is often difficult to understand each other. Although the ugly duckling and other ducklings were hatched by the same duck mother, its supernormality makes its compatriots feel "non-China" and it is difficult to agree. It is also difficult to integrate into their group, so we can't help being excluded and feeling lonely. At the same time, for hens and male cats, we can only understand the pursuit and ideal of ugly ducklings within the scope and possibility of the same kind; Beyond this range and possibility, the pursuit and ideal of the ugly duckling can not but be regarded as "simply crazy" by them. Because in their view, the greatest ideal in life is "laying eggs" and "cackling", that is, "striking a light". Besides, it's all illusory delusions and impossible nonsense. The loneliness after being rejected and the pain caused by "you don't know me" are hard to get rid of and can't be described in words. "Everything is instantaneous and everything will pass", and the experience of the ugly duckling confirms this philosophy of life. The beautiful spring has finally come, and the loneliness of exclusion and the pain of incomprehension have vanished in this season of lark singing. Three beautiful birds that make it "feel an indescribable excitement" are swimming towards it, and it swims towards them-it finally understands that it is also a swan like them. At this happy moment, how does it look at the past that is unbearable? It didn't forget the past, it recalled "how it was persecuted and laughed at", but it didn't haggle over and hold a grudge against those who persecuted and laughed at it, but adopted a forgiving and tolerant attitude. As always, it maintains a modest and gentle attitude, "not proud at all, because a kind heart will never be proud." Like other Andersen's fairy tales, there is a little Christian influence here, which advocates the idea of Christian fraternity and the spirit of tolerance and reconciliation. However, abandoning the cloak of religion, love and tolerance, isn't it the education and spirit that human beings should have? In Andersen's view, it is this adversity that turns the ugly duckling into a white swan. Adversity often constitutes a kind of psychological pressure, which stimulates the spiritual strength to rush out of adversity, gives full play to all human abilities, and makes people step into a perfect realm. From this perspective, adversity is not only a negative force to suppress talents, but also a positive factor to promote people's progress, just as an airplane can only take off against the wind. Perhaps this is the cognitive basis of Andersen's inclusiveness. The Ugly Duckling compares biological phenomena with social phenomena. Because Andersen humanized biology and endowed the ugly duckling with human thoughts and feelings, the experience of the ugly duckling coincides with that of Andersen, thus making the growth history of the ugly duckling a microcosm of Andersen's life. However, biological phenomena are different from social phenomena after all, and the understanding of this work should not be too rigid. For example, "as long as you are a swan egg, it doesn't matter if you were born in a duck farm", which is the case in biology, so human society is not necessarily the case. Andersen, the ugly duckling of this society, was born in the duck farm of the society, but he never gave up his ideal, worked hard and overcame all kinds of difficulties to become a beautiful white swan, not because he was born with swan eggs. This is a major difference.