X direction: x''(t)=-mrx'(t)
In the y direction, the gravity is greater: y''(t)=-mg-mry'(t)
Substitution of initial conditions: x(0)=0, y(0)=0, x'(0)=vx, y'(0)=vy (V0 is also decomposed into vx and vy).
Solvable:
x(t)=vx( 1-e^(-mrt))/(mr)
y(t)=(g-mgrt+r*vy-(g+r*vy)*e^(-mrt))/(mr? )
This is the parametric equation of trajectory. Given time t, coordinates can be obtained. Of course, t must be between 0 and landing.
Ruling: m= 1, g=9.8, r=0.03, vx=500, vy=400.
You can draw pictures and call it ballistics.
In practice, the relationship between drag coefficient and speed is more complicated and it is much more difficult to solve.