The credit system 65438+ was initiated in Harvard University at the end of 2009. 19 18 Peking University took the lead in implementing the "course selection system" in China. 1978 some qualified universities in China began to try out the credit system, and now the credit system reform has been fully promoted in domestic universities. What exactly is a credit system? Figuratively speaking, the credit system is like an education supermarket. Students attending classes are like buying things in the market. Students arrange their studies independently according to their financial capacity, hobbies and learning potential. Students choose whether to study for one degree or two degrees, whether to graduate early or late, whether to take elective courses across majors and departments, and finally realize educational equity. Why should China's colleges and universities implement the credit system reform? The main reason is that the "one-word-for-all" system has become increasingly unsuitable for the development of higher education in China. Mainly reflected in: what courses to study? Which teacher's class? How many years is the academic system? Don't you have to pay tuition? What if I graduate early? .. such problems were decided by the school before the implementation of the credit system reform. In an era of transparent information and the pursuit of fairness and harmony, the "one-word-for-all" teaching system is obviously inappropriate. The present situation of higher education requires students to enter the era of "self-ordering". What are the benefits of the credit system reform? First of all, the credit system is of great benefit to improving the quality of higher education. Students choose classes and courses according to their actual situation, so as to achieve real success in their studies. At the same time, students' and teachers' course selection makes teachers' income "creation" clear at a glance, prompting teachers to constantly update their knowledge and improve teaching quality. Liu Dongmei, a student of Wuhan University, got a diploma and a degree certificate in his junior year. She told reporters that she can graduate as long as she completes the credits of this major. Liu Dongmei said, "I took many senior courses in my freshman and sophomore years. I completed the required credits in my junior year and spent the rest of my time doing papers and looking for a job. " More students enjoy the benefits of choosing their own majors and courses brought by the credit system. Jiang, a journalism student at Wuhan University, said: "I have been taking classes everywhere in the school with my credit card since my freshman year, taking courses such as literature, philosophy and law that I am interested in. The credit system gives me the opportunity to learn what I want to learn. " Second, the credit system integrates educational resources. Guilin University of Electronic Technology is an early pilot school for credit system reform in Guangxi. Teacher Lu Juan said that the credit system is conducive to the integration of educational resources. In the past, some schools offered repeat courses. Even if the same content is repeated in similar courses, educational resources are wasted to some extent. After the implementation of the credit system, repeat students have no choice. Third, the credit system reform has improved the transparency of charges and standardized the charging behavior. In the past, schools usually only gave students a total tuition fee every year. No matter how many courses students choose, they all pay a unified academic year tuition, and students who graduate early still have to pay tuition. After the credit system reform, each credit is clearly marked, and students can choose according to their own economic situation. Such a "clear price tag" makes students feel confident, and also overcomes the unreasonable charges in colleges and universities to some extent. Fourthly, the credit system in colleges and universities is of positive significance to alleviate the current tuition problems of poor students. If a student from a poor family chooses to complete all the credits in three years, it is essentially equivalent to reducing the total cost of receiving higher education. Similarly, some poor students can solve the tuition burden by extending their graduation years, taking fewer credits and taking part-time jobs. Liu Dongmei calculated an account for the reporter: graduating one year in advance can save 3,600 yuan in tuition fees, and the net income after working for one year is about 20,000 yuan, thus saving 23,600 yuan for the family. "This money is not a small sum for poor students." Academic evaluation is based on the credit system in colleges and universities, and all courses offered by schools are converted into credits, and the corresponding credits are recorded after students complete relevant courses and meet the requirements (some schools also implement the credit accumulation system). At present, most schools implement the academic year credit system, and individual schools implement the cumulative credit system. The specific contents include: 1. Credit settings. Divided into basic (qualified) credits and professional (reward) credits. Compulsory courses and restricted courses meet the basic requirements, remember basic credits, have excellent academic performance, and are eligible to participate in elective courses. Outstanding performance and participation in academic competitions and activity competitions. Be praised. Control and other grades to reward credits. 2. Credit allocation. According to the curriculum of each semester, determine the score of each credit. Courses offered throughout the semester are generally graded once a week and converted into short-term courses. Basic credits reflect students' basic knowledge, basic skills and ideological and moral quality, and their courses are generally carried out according to the academic year, without advance or advanced placement; Professional (reward) credits are graded according to the academic performance of students' subject courses, the learning situation of elective courses and the award-winning situation, and some elective items can be selected in advance or later; 3. Scoring method. There are two kinds of test scores and test scores. The courses of arts and sciences stipulated by the state are generally based on 100, and are awarded through basic credits, especially excellent credits. Activity courses focus on the examination of students' learning process. Students attend the study on time, observe discipline and meet the basic requirements of basic credits. If you are outstanding in the activities and make innovations, you will be commended and rewarded in various ways. Special (reward) credits are calculated according to the prescribed standards. 4. Handling of credit results. Students with full marks in basic credits in each academic year are qualified. After three years of study, they can graduate on time. If they can't get the basic score in that year, they will make it up in the next school year. If they don't get a basic score in high school for three years, they can't graduate. Only by passing the make-up exam can they get their diplomas. The total credits are used as the basis for students' evaluation, scholarship evaluation, excellent admission and walks. Students' credits are the main basis for evaluating teachers' performance.