What is Nankai's character? Allow fairness, (students shout: "increasing day by day"). In fact, these two sentences, I think, mean serving the public, contributing and innovating. This is what every Nankai student should do, and it should also be the motto of his life.
What is the Nankai spirit? Nankai spirit was the spirit of her youth. In the 1980s, I wrote an inscription for Nankai Middle School: Nankai will always be young. Actually, that's it. A hundred years later, is this school still so young? (The students replied in unison: "Yes!" ) full of vigor and facing the future. This is the spirit of Nankai University. I speak from my heart about the road, character and spirit of Nankai. Because it was shaped by many of our predecessors and predecessors with their energy and dedication. This is the soul of a school! A school is alive. The soul of Nankai University is what I just said. We should stick to the road of Nankai and carry forward the character and spirit of Nankai.
I came to Tianjin this time mainly to investigate and study the impact of the financial crisis on the economy. As we all know, the financial crisis began with the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States, which developed rapidly and lasted for a long time. Especially after the collapse of Lehman Brothers, global finance produced a domino-like chain reaction. This is a once-in-a-century crisis. This crisis has spread from financial contagion to the real economy, which has also had a great impact on our country.
China's overall financial situation is good. Because ten years ago, we began to reform the financial system. From stripping off non-performing assets to establishing a modern financial system, the shareholding system reform was implemented. Now it seems that our financial system is generally healthy. The non-performing loan ratio of China's major state-owned banks is about 2.2% to 2.6%, and the capital adequacy ratio exceeds 8% stipulated in the Basel Accord. Assets and profits are in good condition. In particular, we have abundant liquidity and can strongly support economic development.
What has the greatest impact on us is the real economy, mainly due to the reduction of external demand, and the difficulties of enterprises, especially export-oriented enterprises, export-oriented enterprises and labor-intensive industries. In some areas, employees of some enterprises, especially migrant workers, have lost their jobs. In the face of such a sudden financial crisis, our party and government have taken decisive and powerful measures. It should be said that our monitoring is still relatively early. At the end of June and the beginning of July last year, we began to be affected by the financial crisis in the coastal areas of China. We have taken a series of measures, including reducing the interest rate and reserve ratio of bank loans for many times and increasing the export tax rebate rate for many times. 1 1 month later, the world economy suddenly took a big reversal. If you look at the indicator chart of the economy, this is a steep decline. At that time, we put forward a package plan to revitalize the economy. This plan should be said to be relatively fast. I remember saying four words in Moscow in October. In the face of such a big financial crisis, we must act quickly, make heavy punches, take accurate measures and work hard. After several months of hard work, our package plan is now very clear, which generally includes six aspects:
First, invest 4 trillion yuan in two years to promote economic development. Among them, the national investment, that is, the investment of the central government, is 1. 1.8 trillion. We have implemented this fund, which is a new investment, not the original plan mentioned by the outside world. The central government invested 1. 1.8 trillion yuan, driving social and private investment of 4 trillion yuan, mainly used for housing security projects, rural livelihood projects, major infrastructure projects, energy conservation and environmental protection, earthquake relief and post-disaster reconstruction. The key to this money is investment, that is to say, we should not only use this money to cope with the current difficulties, but also leave precious wealth for future generations. We can do it. Because all our projects are carefully demonstrated.
Second, ten plans for adjusting and revitalizing industries have been issued in succession. At present, after discussion in the State Council, four items have been issued: steel, automobiles, textiles and major equipment. We will study light industry and electronics soon. These plans generally include three contents: first, expand market demand; The second is to intensify technological transformation; The third is to promote enterprise reform, especially mergers and acquisitions. This is the second element of the package.
The third element of the package is scientific and technical support. Because we have always believed that every major financial crisis or economic crisis is often accompanied by a scientific and technological revolution, and the most effective way to truly solve economic difficulties is the power of science and technology. Therefore, we decided to speed up the progress of the part closely related to the economy in the long-term science and technology plan. The plan originally had 16 major projects, of which about 9 to 10 projects were closely related to the economy. Accelerate this part of major scientific and technological projects, involving about 70 billion yuan. This is the third item.
The fourth item is social security. Social security, I mainly refer to social security in labor and medical care, including the development of social undertakings such as education. We have formulated a three-year plan for the reform of the medical and health system, including five main contents. The most important thing is to make basic medical insurance available to both urban and rural people. In the next three years, society and governments at all levels will invest 850 billion yuan, of which the central government will invest 340 billion yuan.
Our package should also include reform and opening up. In other words, we should better combine the macro-control of the government with the role of the market mechanism, and better combine the public ownership economy with giving full play to the role of private capital and private enterprises. Promote enterprise merger and reorganization, that is, reform, reorganization and transformation, and strengthen enterprise management. Besides, we should strengthen opening to the outside world. After the financial crisis, world trade protectionism is not only on the rise, but also getting stronger every day. Everyone noticed the slogan put forward by Americans: only sell American goods, only use Americans. They suggested that if the bank's profit did not reach 20%, it was not allowed to hire foreigners. We solemnly propose that it would be a disaster if trade protectionism is practiced in the world now. This will turn the mobile economy into a stagnant pool. I have been in Europe all the way to boost my confidence and oppose trade protectionism.
Our package is a complete plan. Now it seems that the biggest test for a government is the accuracy of its decision, and the effect of its accurate decision depends on the scale and speed of its decision. Without large-scale government investment and the implementation of race against time, it is difficult to deal with this crisis. This requires our leaders at all levels to have great courage, determination and decisiveness.
Students! You are all young people, and there may be many college students or graduate students facing graduation. You should first care about the fate and future of the country, but the country also cares about your growth and your employment. You are all familiar with the central government's policy on the employment of college students. Not long ago, I held a symposium where a student from Tsinghua University studied. I asked him if there were five policies on college students' employment in the government report. Do you think that's enough? Are you clear? I think some have been understood by him, and some have not been fully understood. These may be related to our insufficient publicity. I'd like to briefly introduce our basic policy of supporting college students' employment.
The first is to encourage enterprises to recruit college students. Because I think it is still an important way for enterprises to recruit college students. Today, I went to the automobile mold factory. About 80% of them are college students, and many of them graduated from Nankai and Tianda. Some of them are workers, some are technicians, and they have done a good job. The subsidies we give enterprises to recruit college students are the same as those for the disadvantaged groups, mainly social security subsidies.
Second, we encourage students to go to the grassroots. There are two kinds of grass-roots units, one is directly employed in urban grass-roots units or rural areas. We will repay the student loan on behalf of the students and compensate the tuition fees paid by the students. The second is not the final employment, such as being a village official in the countryside and loving the post for three points. We also compensate students for student loans and tuition fees. We also encourage students to join the army when conditions permit. The conditions for joining the army are the same as those for working and exercising at the grassroots level.
Students, in fact, there is much to be done at the grassroots level. I hope the students can link the grass-roots work with their own career development. After graduating from college, I decided to go to Tibet because I studied geology. At that time, there was an ideal that the place was mountainous and suitable for my major. I even wrote a damn book. Yes, I don't encourage my classmates to do so. I asked to go to Tibet, but this school insisted that I go to graduate school. This is not a good test for graduate students. Three hundred people take two. I had to be a graduate student, so I did. After graduation, I still had a chance to stay in school, but I went to the northwest. I think that's where I should work in the northwest. Looking back now, it was also a very precious period in my life. Know what hardship is, how to overcome it, and how to live. Students. In addition to government policies, we must have a correct concept of choosing a job. But in any case, the government takes the employment of students at heart. Because you are the future of the motherland after all, in fact, the handling of this financial crisis or the further development and growth of the country in the future depends on you. You have confidence, you are strong, you have the ability, and there is hope for China! In this sense, like our country, the people have suffered a lot, and the country has also suffered a lot, and it will develop and grow. That's why I wrote down during the earthquake: how difficult it is for the country to be rich and strong.
I hope the students are full of happiness, confidence and hope for the motherland and the future. The development and future of the country depend on you. I would like to take this opportunity to wish the students academic progress and good health! thank you