A: University of Heidelberg (1386), University of Cologne (1388), University of Leipzig (1409), University of Rostock (14 19), University of Munich (/kloc-0). University of Bochum (196 1), Hannover Veterinary College (1778), Aachen University of Technology (1870), Brunswick University of Technology (196 1), technical university of munich (. University of Mü nster (1780), University of Saar (1948), University of Frankfurt (19 14), University of Stuttgart (1829), University of Siegen (14). Open University (1974), University of Hamburg, University of Tubingen (1477), University of Wü rzburg (1582), University of Dü sseldorf (1965), Technical University of Berlin (1877 Darmstadt University of Technology (1836), Bremen University (197 1), university of duisburg-essen (1972), Marburg University (1527), Mannheim University (/kloc-0). 477), University of Freiburg (654337), University of hildesheim (1978), University of He Run-Nuremberg (1743), University of Hornheim (18 18), Humboldt University, University of Lautencayessers (/. Padang University (1972), Regensburg University (1962), Trier University (1970), university of ulm (1967), Houpert University (1972), Free University of Ukraine. It can be said that any major the applicant wants can be found in the above universities (in one or more universities). The most common majors are computer, information, economics, machinery, management, architecture, law, psychology, environment, agriculture, art, literature, medicine, biology and so on. Most of the above universities are located in the economically developed west (former West Germany), so it is easier to study and work at the same time. After graduation, diplomas are more popular and there are more opportunities to find jobs.
(2) How many types of German institutions of higher learning are there?
There are three types of universities in Germany. A: The university is a comprehensive institution of higher learning with many disciplines, complete specialties and equal emphasis on teaching and scientific research. Technische University, Padagoische University /Hochschule (PU/PH) and Gesamthochschule(GH) are all similar institutions. Among them, high comprehensive schools (GH) have majors and courses such as comprehensive universities (Uni), normal universities/colleges (PU/PH) and junior colleges (PH). B: Fachhochschule, FH): These universities have majors in engineering, science and engineering, agriculture and forestry, economy, finance, business administration, design and so on. Its course focuses on application. C: Art college and music college, including drama college and film college.
(3) What is the difference between German colleges (PH) and universities (Uni)?
University category University (Uni) College (FH) has a school size of about15,000 students and about 4,000 students (number). The course is relatively comprehensive. Admission qualifications for engineering, economy, business administration, social work, design, etc. Germany 13 years of German vocational secondary school, high school graduation or 13 years of high school graduation study period is 4-6 years, usually 4 years of graduation. Master's Diploma or Master's Diploma (FH) PhD with excellent results. After graduation, you can transfer to a university to study PhD, pay equal attention to scientific research and teaching, engage in certain applied research, and emphasize basic research. Note: There are essential differences between German higher vocational colleges (FH) and universities in China.
(4) Q: Do German universities teach in German or English?
A: German universities teach in German, and some majors (such as economics) teach in English in their senior year. However, if you want to be registered by a German university, you must pass the German proficiency test, namely PNDS(DSH). Of course, if you are a doctor, some tutors can allow you to use English. In recent years, the European Union has set up advanced courses in several universities, which are taught in English, but the enrollment is extremely limited, and it is mainly aimed at engineers with working experience in the EU.
(5) Q: Is it difficult to apply for a German university?
A: According to our past experience, as long as the application materials are sufficient and the reasons are appropriate, it is completely possible to apply for other subjects that we like except medicine, law and architecture.
(6) Q: What are the admission criteria for German universities?
A: The admission criteria for German universities are: having a certain economic ability and educational background (entering the university through the regular college entrance examination and having attended the university for at least one year; Has completed two years of direct entrance qualification), has a certain level of German, good health and good moral character.
(7) Are there entrance examinations for German universities? What is the PNDS(DSH) exam?
A: PNDS(DSH) is a college entrance language test in Germany. It is similar to the TOEFL test required for studying in the United States, but this test is generally conducted after students arrive in Germany. The examination time is two weeks before the start of the formal semester, twice a year. Except for the PNDS(DSH) exam, there are no examinations for cultural courses or specialized courses in German universities, except for preparatory courses.
(8) If you want to be registered by a German university and enjoy the treatment of German college students, you must pass the PNDS or DSH exam, right?
A: Yes.
(9) Q: It is legal to work in a German university, isn't it?
A: Yes. As long as it is registered in a German university, it is legal to work, and no matter how much you earn, you don't have to pay taxes.
(10) Q: Is there an age limit for applicants in German universities?
A: Basically not. Generally speaking, anyone who has studied in a domestic university for one year can apply for admission. Of course, the younger you are, the more advantages you have (students who apply for undergraduate courses under the age of 35 are generally more likely to get visas).
(1 1) Q: Is the tuition in Germany expensive?
A: All universities in Germany are free. Just pay a small registration fee at the beginning of each semester, and the amount of registration fee is 150 mark. This is undoubtedly a big advantage compared with the high tuition fees in the United States and other countries. This is one of the reasons why many students from all over the world go to Germany for further study every year.
(12) Q: German is not good, so it is difficult to find a job in Germany, isn't it?
A: This is generally the case. In Germany, apart from the official, although many people can speak English, German is the main language in daily life. So no matter what job you do, you are faced with the problem of communicating with Germans who speak German. However, the difficulties are temporary. As long as you pay more attention to communication with Germans and practice German, your German level will improve rapidly.
(13) Q: How much is the monthly living expenses in Germany?
A: An ordinary student in China lives on about 700 marks a month. Of course, the longer you live in Germany, the better the economic conditions of international students will be and the monthly expenses will increase.
(14) Q: Can I renew my visa after entering Germany?
A: Usually, China students can only get a three-month visa at the China Consulate. After entering Germany with this visa, if you pass the PNDS(DSH) exam, you can apply for a new one with your student ID card at the local immigration office after completing the university entrance registration procedures. If you fail the PNDS(DSH) exam, you can reapply at the local immigration office with the certificate of the Language Institute.
(15) What is it like for China students to work and study in Germany?
A: As one of the seven western countries and the locomotive of European economy, Germany's economy is very developed, but it seems to be a leisurely country. Ordinary people work about 200 days a year, and students have four months of winter and summer vacations every year. There are many opportunities for international students to work during holidays. Generally, they can earn about 3000 marks a month, and work on weekends is about 150 marks. Overtime on holidays is legally double-paid, so they are relatively well-off financially. However, a good job and salary are based on a good level of German. If the German level is poor, you can only engage in some simple manual labor, and the working conditions and salary level will be relatively reduced.
(16) Can I use English in my daily life when studying in Germany? What about after-school life and diet
A: Yes. Young people, well-educated old people and hotel and station staff can speak English. But if you want to enter school and integrate into German society, you must learn German. Speaking of after-school life, people living in Germany don't need visas to go to France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, Italy and Luxembourg. If you are near the border, it is common to go abroad by bike. In addition to travel agencies, universities also organize one-day or multi-day tours to Europe, and the prices are quite cheap. The China Students' Federation holds activities at least during the Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival every year, and the China Embassy and the local Overseas Chinese Federation also hold activities irregularly. In terms of diet, besides the ubiquitous Chinese restaurants, there are all kinds of daily necessities imported from China in Asian shops, which are cheaper and better than local products.
(17) What is the social environment in Germany? What's the climate like?
A: Germany has a land area of 370,000 square kilometers, 80 million residents and a high population density. Due to the lack of resources, the government attaches great importance to education to develop people's intellectual resources, so the people's quality is very high, especially known for being careful and meticulous. Compared with North America, Europe has a much longer history, and Germany has produced such human elites as Hegel, Beethoven and Goethe. Therefore, the education received by studying in Germany is varied and the grade is very high. This can also explain the real reason why rich children from all over the world go to Germany to study. Germany is a country with highly developed economy, highly democratic society and high welfare, and its social security is quite good. There is absolutely no insecurity in America. Most parts of Germany have a typical maritime climate, similar to Shanghai. Germany is a famous "green country", with charming lakes and mountains and world-famous environmental protection. In the south, there are mountains and forests in Albers, Siemens, Mercedes-Benz and BMW. The famous Oktoberfest in Munich is held every year. In the central hilly area, there is the famous Ruhr area, and Frankfurt Airport is the largest airport in continental Europe. There are Hamburg Port and Volkswagen in the northern plain.
(18) Can you tell me about the prospect and way out after studying in Germany?
A: Studying in Germany is a wise choice for your own development on the road of life. After three or five years of study, there will be more and better opportunities after getting a higher degree. First, because of the international background and high professional quality, you can easily seek a high salary and high position after returning home, and you can also show yourself in the world; Second, if you get a professional job in Europe, you can return to China as a representative abroad, and you can get a long-term residence if you leave; Third, turn to North America. In the process of studying in Europe or after graduation, the chances of getting a visa to enter the United States through various means are much higher than those in China. Therefore, before moving to the United States, studying in Europe for one or two years has unparalleled advantages in personal experience, international concept training and future choice. Fourth, immigration to North America is easily accepted by the United States and Canada because of its European educational background, culture and democratic influence. At the same time, it should be pointed out that foreign students in Germany also have the opportunity to immigrate to Europe, because according to the relevant departments of the European Union, the European Commission has passed a revolutionary proposal that people outside the EU can get a green card as long as they live in the EU for several years. As for when it will be implemented and abolished, it will be announced soon. It should also be pointed out that the main point of the joint government of Schroeder Social Democratic Party and Green Party on the issue of citizenship is that if one parent was born in Germany or immigrated to Germany before the age of 14, his daughter will automatically acquire German citizenship on the day of birth. Foreign adults can obtain German citizenship after living in Germany for 8 years. It was previously stipulated to live in Germany 15 years. Germany will be allowed to have dual citizenship.
(19) What is the DSH(PNDS) exam?
A: The German DSH(PNDS) test, like the English TOEFL test, mainly examines the German level, including grammar, listening and written test. Whether the language passes or not is related to your actual listening and speaking ability in the university, and it is also the most fundamental condition for you to work in Germany. Only by passing this exam can you be officially registered by a German university. Therefore, applying for a university in Germany and being officially registered by a university are completely different concepts. To apply for a university, you must have a certificate of 400~800 class hours issued by the German Language Institute. To be formally registered, you must pass the DSH(PNDS) exam.
(20) Can you outline the treatment and admission conditions of German college students?
A: Every foreign student studying in a German university enjoys the same tuition-free treatment as German students! You only need two basic conditions.
(1) A university that has studied in China for one year, regardless of major, is under the age of 35;
(2) Pass the German qualification examination, namely PNDS(DSH) examination.
As long as you have these two conditions, you will become a complete German college student and enjoy all the treatment of German college students. German universities are not limited by academic year. Some students still enjoy tuition-free treatment even after studying for ten or eight years. Students only need to pay their own rent, utilities and living expenses, which can be easily solved by students working, and they often have surpluses and even earn money to travel. German law stipulates that the minimum hourly guarantee for students to work is 15~ 18 mark. Students can also enjoy various half-price concessions when traveling in China: half-price train tickets, half-price tickets and so on. In a word, as long as you are officially registered in a German university, you can spend the university study stage more easily in economy and other aspects, and lay a good foundation for future work and other development.
(2 1) What's the difference between a junior college and a comprehensive university?
A: There are the following differences: from the perspective of school size, there are about15,000 students in universities, while there are only about 4,000 students in junior colleges; In terms of curriculum, the university has a relatively complete range of disciplines, while the college mainly focuses on engineering, economics, business management, accounting, design, etc. In terms of years of study, the university is 4~6 years, while the junior college is usually 4 years; If you want to pursue further studies and study for a doctorate, you can go directly to the university to study for a doctorate, and you can go to the college to study for a doctorate after graduation, and so on. At the same time, it should be noted that German colleges are different from the three-year "junior college" in China and the two-year or three-year "junior college" in China. Therefore, there are significant differences between them in terms of admission conditions, courses and contents, and academic qualifications obtained after graduation (China college graduates do not grant degrees).
(22) Would you please tell us more specifically about the academic system of German universities?
A: As mentioned earlier, German universities have different study periods due to different categories and majors, but they usually last for 4-6 academic years, and each academic year is divided into two semesters, namely, winter semester and summer semester. In other words, it takes at least 8~ 12 semesters to complete all college studies. Because there are many compulsory courses and elective courses in comprehensive universities, students often need to extend 1~2 years to complete all their studies in universities.
(23) How are university courses arranged in Germany?
A: University courses are divided into two stages: the ordinary stage, usually four semesters, mainly studying basic courses; The professional stage, which varies from major to major, is generally divided into 4~8 semesters, studying professional courses, doing graduation thesis and graduation design. After completing the course and graduation thesis, students can obtain corresponding degrees through graduation exams, such as DIPLOM in science, engineering, law and economics; Diploma in humanities and social sciences is MAGISTER；; Teachers, lawyers, doctors and pharmacists were awarded "national examination certificates"; The diploma of a junior college is a diploma (FA). All the above diplomas have the same effect as "professional qualification". Those who have achieved excellent results in university graduation can continue to study for a doctorate with the consent of the professor.
(24) What qualifications do China students need to be admitted to German universities?
A: According to relevant German regulations, the prerequisites for China students to apply for admission to German universities are: basic education 12 high school graduation, formal passing of the National Unified College Entrance Examination (excluding the adult self-taught college entrance examination or RTVU), and admission to universities (usually undergraduate courses) for two years (four semesters) with excellent results.
(25) What is the basis for this requirement for China students?
A: The main reason is that German and China have different educational systems and academic systems. German basic education from primary school to high school graduation *** 13 years, while China only has 12 years; At the same time, the course content of German senior high school graduating class is to prepare for entering the university, aiming at cultivating students' independent working ability. Students who have passed the high school examination and obtained the high school diploma are qualified for university entrance and generally do not need to take the "college entrance examination". In addition, German universities traditionally do not grant bachelor's degrees, and students can obtain master's degrees after completing various scientific courses and passing graduation examinations and thesis defense. On this basis, German universities require China students to be formally admitted to undergraduate study for two years before they can apply for direct admission.
(26) If a student only graduated from a high school with basic education in 10 or1year and studied in a university, what are the requirements?
A: In that case, it will take at least three years to complete the course.
(27) If you want to change your major, do you still recognize the original university? Admit how much?
A: If you change your major and choose a brand-new major, you usually have to start from scratch. As for the recognition of the original academic qualifications, it depends on the specific situation.
(28) Do German universities recognize students from China College (junior college) or junior college?
A: On the issue of university education in China, there is also a clear stipulation in Germany that university education in China for less than three years cannot be rated as an "academic university". In other words, only three-year college graduates are eligible to enter German universities, while two-year college students are not. In other words, only three-year college graduates are eligible to enter German universities, while two-year college students are not. If the latter has substantial professional courses and excellent grades, they can try to apply for preparatory classes in higher vocational colleges and pass one-year examinations in various subjects in order to obtain the qualification to apply for higher vocational colleges. But whether you can be admitted depends on the nature of the school, the number of specialized courses and the academic performance of the applicant. China high school graduates did not take the "National Unified College Entrance Examination" or were not admitted to universities. Can they apply to study in German universities? Applications are usually rejected.
(29) How do students who have completed one-year undergraduate study apply for admission to German universities?
A: If you have officially entered the university for 65,438+0 years after passing the "National Unified College Entrance Examination", you can generally apply for pre-university at the same time as applying for German university majors. After a year's study and passing the college entrance examination, you can get the college entrance examination qualification.
(30) What are the requirements for studying for a doctorate in Germany? What are the application steps?
A: The applicant should have a master's degree in China with excellent results and strong independent work and research ability. The content of the topic should be leading and unique in this field, with high academic value and the necessity of studying in Germany. To study for a doctorate in Germany, you need to be formally registered at the university. In addition to obtaining the charter, you must also pass the DSH (German Entrance Examination). According to different situations, before starting doctoral studies (mainly independent research work), it is necessary to take some necessary courses. Before the formal application, it is very important to find a suitable tutor for yourself through various channels, that is, a "tutor". After obtaining their consent, go through the specific application procedures. Detailed regulations can be directly contacted with the foreign affairs office or department office of the relevant school.
(3 1) What are the requirements for studying in Germany?
A: Before you can formally register and study, you must pass the German Examination for Foreign Students' Application for University Entrance (DSH) held in this university. This is a very difficult language test. If you fail the first time, you can retake the exam six months later (at most twice). If you don't pass the DSH in one university, you can't take the exam in other universities. Therefore, you must make full preparations before going abroad and try your best to lay a good foundation in German, so that you can try to pass this exam in a short time after going to Germany.
(32) When will German universities hold the DSH exam?
Usually at the beginning of the semester. The admission notice issued by the school to the applicant will indicate the time and place of DSH. Many universities have preparatory classes for DSH research. When applying for admission, they should send a letter to the Foreign Affairs Office asking whether they can participate.
(33) Is it difficult to apply for a German university?
A: According to past experience, as long as the application materials are sufficient and the reasons are appropriate, it is completely possible to apply for your favorite subjects across other majors except medicine, law and architecture.
(34) Are there any language courses in German universities? Is there a charge?
A: Most universities have language classes (similar to TOEFL intensive classes) to provide intensive German training for applicants. But no elementary courses are offered. The better the German score, the easier it is for people to get the chance to study in language classes.
(35) Is it legal to work in a German university?
A: Yes. As long as it is registered in a German university, it is legal to work, and no matter how much you earn, you don't have to pay taxes.
(36) Is there an age limit for applicants in German universities?
A: Basically not. Generally speaking, anyone who has studied in a domestic university for one year can apply for admission. Of course, the younger the better.
(37) Do applicants who fail to meet the requirements of German university education have to apply for preparatory courses?
A: Pre-university for foreign studies is a specialized course set up by German universities for foreign students who cannot directly enter professional studies outside the EU countries. After one year's study, students have passed the "Feststellungspruefung" and obtained the "University Admission Qualification". If the applicant thinks that he is sure to pass the "Entrance Qualification Examination" for German and majors, he can apply for this examination directly without attending the preparatory course with the consent of the school.
38. What are the requirements for applying for matriculation?
A: It can be summarized into three items:
1) The applicant has a one-year degree from a regular domestic university with excellent results. High school graduates who have not been admitted to universities are usually not admitted.
2) Good German ability, equivalent to Zentrale Mittelstufenpruefung of Goethe Institute (GI).
3) Pass the matriculation entrance examination.
(39) How to divide classes for college preparatory courses? What courses do you study?
A: There are different types of cram schools according to their major direction, and the learning content varies from subject to subject. There are also some differences between Uni and FH.
Pre-university compulsory courses:
1)T-Kurs (technology, mathematics and science, excluding biology): German, mathematics, physics and chemistry.
2)M-Kurs (medicine, biology): German, biology, chemistry, physics and mathematics.
3)W-Kurs (Economics, Social Sciences): German, Mathematics, National Economics, Business Management or English, History/Geography/Social Studies.
4)G-Kurs (art, art, German language and literature): German, history, German literature, and some majors are English, society/geography.
5)S-Kurs (language category does not include German): German, a second foreign language, history or social/geographical courses or German literature.
Compulsory courses for preparatory classes:
1) Kurs TI (technology and engineering): German, mathematics, natural science, technical drawing or informatics.
2) KurW W (Economics) German, Mathematics, National Economics and Enterprise Management, Information Technology and Informatics, English
3) KursGD (design art): German, mathematics, design, physics and computer-aided design.
4) KursSW (Social Science): German, Mathematics, Social Science (Education/Psychology, Sociology, Law), Information Technology and Informatics, English.
5) KursDU (Master of Interpretation and Translation): German, information technology and informatics of a second foreign language (English or French, generally only for advanced classes) and a third foreign language (English, French or Spanish).
(40) If the applicant's academic qualifications meet the requirements, but his German level is not enough, can he learn German in the pre-university stage?
A: No, in this case, you can only apply for language classes in universities.
(4 1) Can students in pre-university and college language classes enjoy the treatment of college students?
A: Students in pre-university and college language classes can register as students of this school and enjoy relevant treatment. If you fail to pass Feststellungspruefung or DSH as scheduled, you will be disqualified from continuing registration.
(42) Which majors fall within the scope of "quota restriction"?
A: Actually, there is no absolute limit. It depends on the situation of federal (hard indicators) and state universities (soft indicators). Generally speaking, the popular majors related to international students are: medical pharmacy biology (including biochemistry, biotechnology, etc. ), psychology, informatics, architecture, national economics, business management and so on. Therefore, when applying for these majors, you should consult the foreign affairs office of the school in advance.
When should the application materials be sent to Germany?
A: The deadline for most universities in Germany to accept applications for admission is: summer semester: 65438+ 10/5 (starting in early April); Winter term: July15 (1school starts in early October 10). There is no uniform deadline for FH to apply for admission, please write in advance to ask. After the materials are ready, it is generally best to send them two months or earlier before the deadline for acceptance, because there is still time to send them again in case the materials are missing. Don't send it if the materials are incomplete, so as not to delay the application.
(44) When did Energy Saving receive the acceptance notice?
A: Universities usually issue admission notices two months before the start of school. The placement students received the admission notice earlier. In order to gain time to apply for a passport and visa in time and smoothly, you should ask the Foreign Affairs Office of the University to issue you an "Antragsbesteatigung" (BewerberBescheinigung) after accepting the application. If necessary, you can also ask to indicate the number of years of study (Regelstudienzeit) of the applied major.
45. How much does it cost to study at a university in Germany every month?
A: The monthly living expenses of German college students are about DM 65,438+0,300. On the whole, the average monthly expenditure of Chinese students is slightly lower than this level, which is about 65,438+0,000 marks per month due to different regions and majors, including rent (student dormitory), meals, medical insurance, Sozialgebuehren, registration fees, semester tickets, books, stationery, daily necessities and petty expenses.
(46) Which university in Germany has a bilingual major in computer software?
A: Uni. University of duisburg-essen. Karlsruhe and the University. Herun Gen-Nuremberg has such a major.
(47) Which major is easy to find a job in Germany after graduation?
A: If you get a student visa when you graduate, it is not easy for any major to find a job. I want to get another visa before graduation. I just want to be naturalized in Germany at present.
48. Is there any convenient way for a university with work experience to go to Germany for further study and get a master's degree in a short time after graduation?
A: German universities and college entrance examinations have "professional advanced courses", which are more suitable for the requirements of such applicants. Applicants should have a bachelor's degree and have more than two years' work experience. Some majors that meet the requirements of training purposes can also apply for new majors on the basis of the original majors according to regulations. Generally, you can get a master's degree after completing four semesters of courses and passing the examination. Except in a few cases, it is usually impossible to continue studying for a doctorate. Most of the teaching languages are German (passing the DSH entrance German proficiency test or issuing the "language certificate" of Goethe Institute), and some are English (submitting the TOEFL minimum score of 550).