Cognition refers to an individual's views, thoughts or opinions on the surrounding things, which are manifested in a series of processes such as perception, memory, thinking and imagination, including psychological contents such as explanation, evaluation and expectation of stimuli. Mature cognitive function can enable individuals to correctly understand themselves, properly evaluate others, objectively examine the surrounding environment and actively adapt to social life.
From the perspective of thinking, most college students have entered the stage of formal thinking, and are no longer satisfied with the level of formal logical thinking, but continue to develop to a higher level-dialectical thinking level. First, college students' cognitive structure is becoming more and more complex, and their formal thinking ability is greatly improved, which enables them to acquire concepts mainly through concept assimilation, thus greatly improving the accuracy and speed of concept acquisition and creating favorable conditions for a large number of knowledge expansion. Second, their thinking about problems is not limited to seeking the logical relationship between cause and result, but also introduces rational judgment determined by experience into the thinking process and takes it as an important standard. Third, some college students have reached the level of dialectical logical thinking. The development of dialectical logical thinking ability depends on the development of self-regulation ability and sense of purpose. Self-adjustment ability refers to the individual's systematic application of the existing psychological structure in the new knowledge system and new environment, and sense of purpose refers to the organic connection between life value, struggle goal and career choice direction. That is to say, college students' thinking has begun to turn to thinking about realistic plans, and combine their unique insights with their inner control and analysis and evaluation.
2. Self-awareness is mature and willpower is enhanced.
Personal self-awareness gradually matures in the university stage, mainly in the following aspects. First, the sense of independence is enhanced. College students' physical development is basically mature, the degree of socialization is greatly improved, and they have strong adult consciousness and independent consciousness psychologically. They want to get rid of their dependence on adults, show their views and abilities to the people around them, and don't like too much interference from others. Second, self-cognition and evaluation are more comprehensive and accurate. After entering the university, with the beginning of independent life, college students have more space for free activities and communication, and the reference system and social comparison objects have changed greatly. They begin to explore and discover themselves more deeply and richly, and objectively know and evaluate themselves in such a special environment as the university. Third, rich self-experience and improved self-control level. Due to the development of self-awareness, college students' self-esteem and self-confidence are enhanced, and they are extremely sensitive to the words, deeds and attitudes of others. Many things involving "me" and "me" will cause an uproar in college students' hearts and make them have a strong emotional experience. Positive emotional experience makes them full of vigor and vitality, while negative emotional experience makes them depressed. On the other hand, college students' self-regulation, such as consciousness, initiative, sociality and persistence, is also constantly enhanced, and they can consciously control their psychological activities and behaviors. Conscience, determination, self-control and toughness have been further developed.
3. Colorful emotions and strong communication needs.
The university stage in its prime is often the period with the richest emotional experience in life. College students' mood fluctuates greatly, and there are obvious emotional transformations, such as enthusiasm, depression, pessimism, calmness and anxiety. They are happy for the success of study, life and love, sad and distressed for the failure of exams and setbacks in life, desperate for truth and friendship, and indignant for ugliness and darkness. In them, self-esteem and inferiority can coexist, atresia and openness can coexist, and strong roughness and gentleness can coexist. The richness of college students' emotions and the profundity of their emotional experience are closely related to their physical and sexual maturity, the development of self-awareness, the development of social needs and the complexity of social environment.
Man is a social animal, and the connection between man and society is realized through a series of interpersonal activities. College students who leave home and live a collective life are eager for sincere friendship and emotional exchange. Getting friendship through interpersonal communication is a prominent need to adapt to the new environment. The desire for emotional communication has also led many college students to explore love, and in-depth communication with the opposite sex has enriched college students' interpersonal experience.
4. Personality tends to be mature and perfect, and professional self-awareness is gradually established.
Personality is the sum of psychological quality and psychological characteristics with a certain tendency. University stage is an important period for the development and perfection of individual personality. Their level of understanding has been deepened, their attitude towards reality has gradually stabilized, their emotions have changed from richness and agitation to stability, their self-awareness has changed from differentiation and conflict to unity and unity, and their will quality has gradually formed. The maturity and perfection of personality make necessary psychological preparation for college students to enter the society.
Professional self-awareness is an integral part of individual self-awareness, which plays an important role in a person's career choice and career development. College students' professional study is knowledge preparation for their future career, and college graduates are directly faced with career choices. During their college years, many college students gradually got to know their professional interests and advantages through professional courses, internships and discussions with teachers, and gradually established their professional self-awareness, making full preparations for future career development.
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