1. The Twelve Chapters of The Analects refers to Chinese (New Edition) published by People's Education Publishing House, which is a textbook compiled by the Ministry of Education. It is divided into 1963 seventh grade volume and May 4th seventh grade volume. Most of the twelve chapters of The Analects of Confucius in the textbook are Confucius' words and deeds, and they are a collection of Confucius' words and deeds written by Confucius disciples and re-disciples.
One of the important Confucian classics, selected from The Analects of Confucius (translated by Yang Bojun, Zhonghua Book Company, 1980 edition), is a book that records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples. * * * Article 20. Together with Daxue, The Doctrine of the Mean and Mencius, they are called the Four Books.
2. The way of university (the first sentence in the opening of the Confucian classic "University") generally refers to university (Confucian prose). "University" is an essay on Confucian thoughts of self-cultivation, governing the country and leveling the world. It was originally the 42nd episode of Little Dai Li Ji, which was said to have been written by Ceng Zi during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. In fact, it is a Confucian work in Qin and Han Dynasties, and it is also an important work for China to discuss educational theory in ancient times.
After being highly praised by Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi in the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhu in the Southern Song Dynasty wrote "University Chapters and Sentences", which was finally called "Four Books" together with The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, "Da Xue" became the official textbook of the school and the required reading of the imperial examination, which had a great influence on the ancient education in China.
The "Three Outlines" and "Eight Items" put forward in "University" emphasize that self-cultivation is the premise of governing people, and the purpose of self-cultivation is to govern the country and the world, which shows the consistency between governing the country and the world and personal moral cultivation.
The full text of "Da Xue" is concise, profound and far-reaching. This paper mainly summarizes the pre-Qin Confucian moral cultivation theory, as well as the basic principles and methods of moral cultivation, and also systematically discusses the Confucian political philosophy, which has profound enlightenment for being a man, doing things and governing the country.
Everyone has a heart that can't bear others. Chinese idioms come from "Gongsun Zhang Chou Sentence" in Mencius. Everyone has a feeling of pity and sympathy for others. Compassion is the purpose of benevolence. Shame and evil heart are the end of justice. Resignation is the end of the ceremony. The heart of right and wrong is also the end of wisdom. People have four ends, especially four bodies.