Located at No.6393 Guangfu Road, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, Yunnan Provincial Museum integrates cultural relics collection, research, exhibition, education and service, with a collection of more than 200,000 pieces of bronzes, ancient coins, ceramics, Gu Shuhua, inscriptions, stamps and various handicrafts. The following is an inventory of 20 treasures collected by Yunnan Provincial Museum.
This clay pot is 12.6 cm long, 9 cm wide and 12 cm high. Make a hen shape out of sand and gray pottery and squat down. There is a mud bubble on each side of the mouth, which looks like corn; The whole body is decorated with dotted lines, symbolizing feathers; The back and tail are decorated with three rows of breast nails as chicken wings. The bones of chickens, cows, sheep and pigs were unearthed at Dadunzi site. Except for horses, there are almost six kinds of animals, which shows that the poultry breeding industry was developed at that time, and the chicken-shaped pottery jar was a reflection of poultry in the original plastic arts. 1972 was unearthed in Dadunzi site, Yuanmou County, Wei Chu City, Yunnan Province, and is now in Yunnan Provincial Museum. This pot is ingenious, beautifully made and beautifully shaped. It is a rare artistic masterpiece in primitive society and the most representative pottery in the Neolithic age in Yunnan.
This bronze gift box is 43 cm high and 76 cm long. It was made of bronze in ancient Yunnan during the Warring States Period. Its shape is a clever combination of two cows and a tiger. This bronze ware is one of the largest in Yunnan. Its special combination shape makes the whole bronze case stable in center of gravity, harmonious in size and balanced in movement. A strong bull is the main body, the four legs of the cow are the legs of the case, the back of the cow is the oval case, and a tiger is fluttering. There is a leisurely calf standing under Daniel's stomach, with its head and tail slightly exposed outside Daniel's stomach, which shows that Daniel sacrificed his protection for the calf. 1972 was unearthed in the tomb of No.24 Lijiashan, Jiangchuan County, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, and is now in the Yunnan Provincial Museum. The device is unique in shape and novel in conception, which not only has the characteristics of the four-legged case in the Central Plains, but also has strong local characteristics and national style. It has reached a very high artistic level and has great artistic appreciation value. It is a masterpiece of bronze works of art in China, a rare treasure in the ancient culture of China and a national treasure.
The height of this device is 34.5 cm, and the diameter of the cover is 16.6 cm. The subject is a fat and vigorous "Gaofeng cow" with huge horns and ridges, surrounded by tigers and deer. Cattle are the main livestock raised by Yunnan people and the main source of meat, representing wealth; The mighty and fierce tiger is the object of worship of Yunnan people, symbolizing power; The light and vigorous deer is a metaphor for the theme of peace and tranquility. The concept of foot is even more unique, with three kneeling figurines as feet. These bronze figurines support their bodies with their hands and heads. The seemingly huge body is in sharp contrast to the exquisite kneeling figurines, which is in danger, exaggerating the "huge" wealth of the owner of the shell container. 1972 was unearthed in the tomb of No.22 Lijiashan, Jiangchuan County, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, and is now in the Yunnan Provincial Museum. These three animals are all cast by lost wax method combined with round carving. The lines are smooth and the shapes are vivid. In contrast, they show the characteristics of a simple and honest cow, a mighty tiger and a tame deer. Among all the bronze shells found so far, this kind of foot is precious.
This copper coffin weighs 257 1 kg, is 2m long, 0.62m wide, 0.64m high and1.2cm thick, and the sides of the coffin wall are covered with palindromes. The appearance of the coffin cover is cast with eagle, swallow, tiger, leopard, pig, crane and other patterns. The coffin cover is two cover plates, which are combined into a herringbone shape, and the cover on the coffin cover is roof-shaped. The four ends of the bottom of the coffin have support angles to support the coffin from the ground. In addition to the 1 leopard head bronze staff symbolizing the identity and power of the tomb owner, there are a large number of bronze utensils and other funerary objects in the coffin. Among them, the weapons are bronze spears and swords; Production categories include copper hoes, copper poles, copper sickles, beating-up knives, cloth winding shafts, etc. Household appliances include copper cups, beans, spoons, spoons and chopsticks. Musical instruments include bronze bell, bronze drum, bronze gourd sheng and so on. In addition, there are two bronze houses, as well as bronze pigs, cows, horses, sheep, dogs and chickens. 1964 was unearthed in Dabona Village, Liu Chang Town, Xiangyun County, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, and is now in the Yunnan Provincial Museum. This bronze coffin is made of bronze, with exquisite workmanship, detailed patterns and exquisite design. It is not only well preserved, but also the largest bronze unearthed in the province, which is rare in the whole country, reflecting that the bronze casting level at that time has developed to a very high level.
This device is 38 cm high, with a cover diameter of 30 cm. It is a bronze drum with a bottom and a cover. Eight people have wired hunting patterns on their waists. They are tied with broadband under their legs and waist, and each of them is chasing wild animals with a weapon. 52 numbers and 1 pig and 1 dog were cast on the lid. There are 1 pairs of serpentine cylinders in the center of the drum head, and 1 tiger stands at the top of the cylinders. On the right and in front of the column are three naked people, who are tied behind their arms or wearing shackles as sacrificial offerings. 1 aristocratic woman riding on the shoulders of four people may be the slave owner who presided over the sacrifice ceremony. There are 1 drums on both sides. 1955 TombNo. Shizhaishan 1 in Jinning County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, now in Yunnan Provincial Museum. This instrument reflects the mysterious sacrificial culture in ancient Yunnan, and truly reproduces the scene of killing people and offering sacrifices to gods in ancient Yunnan. It is the only bronze sculpture of a sacrificial column for killing people that has been seen at present, and it vividly reproduces the major events in Yunnan's social life. It not only has a strong artistic appeal, but also can be called "the silent history book of bronze casting" and is a national treasure cultural relic.
This set of chimes was named Wang Dian chime because it was unearthed in the same grave as Wang Dian's seal. Different sizes, the pattern of each piece is basically the same, the largest is 40.3 cm high and the smallest is 29.5 cm high. The bell body is tile-shaped, wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, with a semicircular button at the top and a flat bottle mouth; There are four dragon patterns cast on both sides of the clock face, which run in opposite directions, trailing the tail. The horn mouth is decorated with snake pattern and checkered pattern. The dragon carved on the chime is the same as the dragon in the Central Plains culture, except that its body is a snake. This shows that cultural exchanges between the Central Plains and Yunnan have been frequent. The King of Yunnan accepted the dragon, the representative of China culture, and cast the image of the dragon on the chime. Snakes are common animals in Yunnan, and they are called "Naman snake species". People regard snakes as their totem protector and can be used as a symbol of Yunnan. The best example is to cast the seal of the king of Yunnan into the shape of a snake. The combination of leading snakes is the embodiment of the combination of Yunnan local culture and Central Plains culture. The chimes in the tomb of the king of Yunnan not only show the noble status of the tomb owner, but also reflect the obedience and attention of the funeral ceremony of the king of Yunnan to the traditional etiquette and music system in the Central Plains. Tomb No.6, Shizhaishan, Jinning County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, 1956, now in Yunnan Provincial Museum. This set of Wang Dian chimes is regular in shape, gorgeous in decoration and extraordinary in dignity, which reflects the influence of China's traditional ritual and music system on Yunnan. It is not only the "voice of the king" and "the joy of the temple" in ancient Yunnan, but also the symbol of the ancient Yunnan people entering the civilized era. It is the only musical instrument with dragon patterns unearthed in Yunnan so far.
This device is 50 cm high and 25 cm in diameter. Archaeologically identified as artifacts of the Western Han Dynasty. This device is a typical corset cylinder with a flat bottom and feet below. Tiger-shaped ears are decorated on both sides of the waist, and the tiger climbs upwards, which is very realistic in both overall shape and details. Tigers climb up, growl with their mouths open, and their tails hang down, just like two real tigers attached to their sides. There are four strong cows rotating counterclockwise around the center on the lid of the vessel, and there is a tray with a cylindrical handle in the center, on which there is an image of a knight riding a tall horse. Four cows are staggered and move counterclockwise on the cover plane, and each cow curls two corners, which is powerful. 1956 TombNo. Shizhaishan 10, Jinning County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, now in Yunnan Provincial Museum. This vessel adopts casting, welding, gilding and other processes, which greatly enriches the shape of the vessel body. This is a typical storage container with cylindrical shell of waist. The image of the rider who gilded the sword shows that the owner of the tomb had a very high power and status before his death, from which we can see the glory of the mysterious ancient "Dian State" civilization, which is a national treasure cultural relic.
The height of this device is 65.8 cm and the diameter of the bottom is 45.2 cm. It is made by welding and casting two drums. The upper drum cover is made separately, connected with the drum body through the movable buckle, and the lower drum is welded and cast with the bottom. The device welds four lying deer on the upper drum foot and four lying cows on the lower drum foot, and there are four rope ears between the trunk and waist. The cover is cast with a three-dimensional hunting scene with three people holding swords. Two of them rode horses, holding the reins in their left hand and holding weapons in their right. They rode together to hunt 1 run deer. 1 person is covered by gold; Another 1 man stood in the center of the cover, with long weapons in his hands (disabled), trying to kill another 1 deer. This man has 1 dog in front of him, trying to pounce on two deer. There are 1 rabbit and 1 fox under the horses of the two knights. Both drums are covered with intaglio lines. 1 1 A hornbill spreads its wings and flies in the same direction. The waist is a hunting map, which is divided into four parts, respectively describing the scene of hunters hunting wild boar and deer with spears; At the foot is the scene of various animals fighting each other, which is divided into 4 groups by broadleaf plants. The lower drum consists of 7 flying phoenix; The waist depicts all kinds of animals and plants, and it is also divided into four parts, including the battle between tigers and cows, the bite between tigers and pigs, and the deer and eagle. 1956 Tomb No.71Shizhaishan, Jinning County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, now in Yunnan Provincial Museum. This container is the only container with a stacked drum shell that shows the hunting scene. The circular carving scene on the cover is exactly the same as the intaglio pattern on the drum. Whether it is the modeling of objects, the combination and layout of patterns, or the carving technology of decorative patterns, it is quite mature, which is of great significance to the study of the shell storage of Shizhaishan culture, the population composition, ecology and fauna of Yunnan, and is a national treasure cultural relic.
The drum is 46 cm high and 68 cm in diameter. The drum surface is decorated with sun patterns, with 14 awn and 5 halo, and is decorated with various geometric patterns. The most striking thing about this bronze drum is that the ship pattern decorated on the chest records a grand sacrificial activity. Many people on board are wizards, rowers, helmsmen and so on. Everyone did their job, and the four sacrificial boats were headed by boats with high patterns on the pillars, and then sailed clockwise around the bronze drums. There are 4 groups of ship patterns decorated with bulging breasts, each ship displays 4-5 characters, and there is a feather crown on its head; The waist drum is decorated with cows, birds and dancers. , the pattern is vivid and natural; Four ears are decorated between the chest and waist. 19 19 was unearthed in Azhangzhai, Guangnan County, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, and is now in the Yunnan Provincial Museum. This drum is dignified in shape, fine in casting, gorgeous in decoration, stainless in luster, neat and smooth, and has strong Yunnan regional cultural characteristics. It is the largest bronze drum ever discovered in Yunnan, representing the highest achievement of Shizhaishan bronze drum, and it is a national treasure cultural relic.
The lamp is 42 cm high. The figurine lamp is a naked male figurine, kneeling on the ground, with a lamp tray on his head and hands. It is actually composed of two arms, a trunk and a head, which are cast separately and then assembled together. 1986 was unearthed in the ancient tomb of Heimajing, Gejiu City, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, and is now in the Yunnan Provincial Museum. This lamp is exquisitely cast, and from the facial expressions of the characters, it has obvious local ethnic characteristics. It is the product of the combination of Western Han culture and Yunnan local culture, and belongs to the fine bronze lamp of Han Dynasty.
Mother seal originated in Han Dynasty and prevailed in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Baby seals can be nested in big seals, so they are called female seals. This main seal is about 1.5 cm high and about 1.8 cm long. The big print is "the seal of Meng Teng" and the small print is "Meng Teng". Clear handwriting, seal Fa Ya tame. Due to the oxidation of copper, the second seal and the third seal embedded in the mother seal could not be extracted, and their shapes and characters at that time could not be seen clearly. So the working group took them back to the provincial museum and tried to separate them, but unfortunately there was no news. A cloth coin, a copper belt hook, five baht coins, pottery figurines, tiles and miscellaneous utensils were unearthed at the same time as the bronze seal. After Liu Bei's death, Nan Zhongshi rebelled, and Zhuge Liang, the prime minister, quelled the turmoil in the south, leaving a legend of Meng Huo. 1955 This photo of Wang Jialiang in Erpingzhai, the eastern suburb of Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province, is now in the Yunnan Provincial Museum. This bronze seal is beautifully made. There are three-dimensional buttons on the upper part of the mother seal, which are exquisite and vivid in shape. Its owner, Meng Teng, may be a member of Meng Huo, a general in South China, and it is a valuable proof that the people in Southwest China, represented by Meng surname in South China, are gradually integrating into the Chinese nation.
This picture is 96.5 cm in vertical direction and 46.3 cm in horizontal direction. This is a silk ink painting, which depicts the scenery in late autumn. The mountains, clear streams, abrupt boulders and long pine trees from Lingyun are dotted with nobles looking for relatives, showing the elegance of caring for nymphs. On the upper right of the picture frame, there is the author's regular script "Minister Guo", which should be written in the order of the painting academy. Handed down from ancient times, now in Yunnan Provincial Museum. This brush is delicate and the composition is neat. It should have been painted before early spring. It is an existing early work of Guo, handed down from generation to generation. It is a rare masterpiece of famous paintings in the Song Dynasty and a national treasure cultural relic.
Guo (about 1000- 1090), a native of Heyang (now wen county, Henan), was an outstanding painter and painting theorist in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was born a commoner, believed in Taoism in his early years, traveled overseas and was famous for his paintings. In the first year of Xining, he was called into the Painting Academy and later served as an academician. Fa Licheng, a landscape teacher, created a brush in the shape of cirrus clouds, which was later called "cirrus clouds". Guo has also made great achievements in painting theory, and his theory is embodied in Lin Zhi.
This golden-winged bird named "Goluda" is regarded as the patron saint of Dali and one of the eight Buddhist dragons. It is said that the golden-winged bird used to be fierce, eating dragons, and later converted to Buddhism and became the patron saint of Buddhism. This device is made of silver-plated gold, with a height of 18.5cm and a weight of 125g. The bird's headdress, crown, neck and tail feathers are in full bloom, showing a flame shape, with a slender neck, wings rolling inward and sharp claws standing on the rosette. The carved flame backlight is inserted between the tail and the car body and decorated with five crystal beads. 1978 The top of the third tower of Chongsheng Temple in the northwest of Dali Ancient City, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, was unearthed and is now in the Yunnan Provincial Museum. This vessel is round, full of vitality, unique in material selection, ingenious in conception, vivid and interesting in shape and precise in manufacturing technology. It can be described as exquisite, representing the superb level of Dali's gold and silver craft and revealing the process of nationalization and regionalization of Buddhism. It is an artifact with the most local characteristics in Yunnan Buddhist art, and it can be called an ancient treasure of China and a national treasure.
"Ayuye" comes from Nanzhao Biography, also known as "True Guanyin", which is a unique Guanyin after Buddhism was introduced into Nanzhao and Dali. The statue is 29.5cm high and weighs 1 135g. Chihiro Pagoda, unearthed in Chongsheng Temple in Dali, is one of the most important cultural relics in Dali period. The statue has a high bun, a Buddha's crown, a skirt, a flowered belt and bare feet. There are two square tenons at the foot. Ship-shaped background light, silver hollowed out, with lotus pattern inside and Youlobo pattern, Julian pattern and flame pattern outside. 1978 The top of the third tower of Chongsheng Temple in the northwest of Dali Ancient City, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, was unearthed and is now in the Yunnan Provincial Museum. This statue is made of pure gold, with a beautiful face and strong flavor of the times and local characteristics. It is considered to be the first Guanyin image introduced to Yunnan, also known as "Yunnan Fuxing". It is the largest known pure gold Buddha statue in Song Dynasty and the most precious Buddhist art treasure and national cultural relic in Dali.
Acheng Buddha, also known as "immortal Buddha", lives in the east of Five Dhyani Buddhas. He is the Buddha who presided over the pure land of the East in the early Mahayana classics. He symbolizes the wisdom of Tathagata's great round mirror, which can awaken people's nature and free people from the troubles in the world. This Acheng Giant Buddha is made of pure gold, with a height of 8.5 cm and a weight of1.20g. It has a warm bun and wavy hair and is dressed in a shoulder-length gown. The left hand meditates on the seal, the right hand hangs in front of the knee, and the palm magically seals inward. 1978 The top of the third tower of Chongsheng Temple in the northwest of Dali Ancient City, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, was unearthed and is now in the Yunnan Provincial Museum. The overall shape of this picture belongs to the Central Plains style, and the fine water ripples are quite Pakistani Swat style, which is a rare masterpiece.
This image is 10.8 cm high and consists of three parts: the Jade Guanyin image, the pedestal and the silver background light. Guanyin is blue and white, wearing a crown, a garland, a silk in her right hand, and sitting with her left hand, hanging her eyes and reclining. The upper part of the seat is hollowed out in the shape of a mountain, and the lower part is filled with stones. The backlight is decorated with flame stripes and honeysuckle patterns, and the center is serrated sun stripes. 1978 The main tower of Chongsheng Temple in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province was discovered and is now in the Yunnan Provincial Museum. This Guanyin statue is elegant in shape, well preserved and beautifully carved. It is one of the earliest known statues of Jade Guanyin, which is large in size and occupies an important position in the history of jade development.
This painting is 75 cm long and 56 cm wide. It is colored with silk. It describes that Wang Huizhi, a famous calligrapher in Jin Dynasty, was attracted by the beautiful snow scenery along the way when he went to visit Dai Kui, a figure painter, in the Western Ocean. He walked slowly and enjoyed himself for a long time. It was not until nightfall that he reached his destination and returned home happily. On the top right of the painting, Huang wrote: "It was written in the first month of nine years and inscribed on the 25th. The big idiot is 80 years old, which is his masterpiece in his later years. At the top of the picture, there are peaks. On one side of the mountain, there are many cottages, but the villages are empty. Below is a winding stream. The dead branches of the trees in the painting are deliberately left blank, showing the snow that has not yet melted. Rocks are stacked, the structure is complex, but the hook pen is simple, and it is ethereal and free and easy with only a little pen and ink from Shi Gen. Although there is not much pen and ink on this painting, I deliberately saw layers of mountains, which made the picture very rich. Although there are only boats and distant mountain villages, the painting is more realistic; But the whole background, space and content are very rich. This is just one aspect. Handed down from ancient times, now in Yunnan Provincial Museum. This picture is simple and profound. In the painting, the artistic technique of grounding gas like snow is used, and the distant mountains with strong layering are outlined with simple pen and ink, and the bottom is dyed with light ink. With a few strokes, it vividly shows the majestic scenery of the mountains after the snow and embodies Huang's superb painting skills. This is a rare masterpiece handed down by Huang.
Huang (1269— 1354) is a native of Changshu, Jiangsu. He is good at painting landscapes and has made outstanding achievements. His works have two sides: light crimson and ink painting. The pale crimson landscape is rich and round, the ink painting landscape is chic, the brushwork is free and easy, and the realm is lofty.
This device is 1 1 .5cm in height,11cm in bottom diameter and weighs 320g. It was unearthed in Mu's burial tomb in Yunnan. The device is hemispherical and consists of a thin gold sheet shaped like a lotus petal, with four layers inside and outside. The crown is inlaid with gems of more than 20 colors such as red, blue, green and white. There is a jewel hairpin inlaid in the crown, and a pair of rubies and sapphires are inserted along both sides of the crown hairpin. 1963 Mu's tomb was unearthed in Chenggong District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, and is now in Yunnan Provincial Museum. This golden crown, once used by princes, embodies various techniques such as hammering, carving, hollowing out, inlaying and welding, and fully embodies the superb level of gold production in Ming Dynasty.
This device is 6.6 cm high and 22.3 cm long. It depicts a green slug with long tentacles lying on the leaves of rolls of vegetables. The pot with white ivory in its mouth fell to the ground and the lid fell off. Chinese cabbage is full of vitality, the veins on the leaves are clearly carved, moist and moist, and the business is booming. The grasshopper on the leaf has blue wings, two strong hind legs, especially the two tentacles on the head as thin as hair, and looks exquisite and smart up and down. It is difficult to color ivory because of its high density. However, it is hard to imagine that this kind of ivory carved Chinese cabbage and cabbage is as vivid as the real one, and it is still bright and bright today, and it does not fade at all. Appreciating this work of art can make people get a moment of peace and leisure in the fierce competition in modern society. Handed down from ancient times, now in Yunnan Provincial Museum. This instrument is elegant in shape and exquisite in knife work. It is a tooth carving handicraft that embodies the characteristics of Beijing. It is full of rich, quiet and leisurely pastoral atmosphere, which makes people feel full of vitality in the pastoral taste. It is an extremely precious and elegant thing.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the violin was introduced to China. At that time, music education in China was just emerging. Some world-famous violin masters came to China to perform, which inspired many young people to learn the violin. It was during this period that Nie Er learned about the violin and became interested. 1930, Nie Chuer came to Shanghai to work hard; 193 1 At the beginning, he bought the violin with the money he earned. Nie Er's violin is not exquisite in workmanship and materials, but he used it to compose many patriotic songs such as March of the Volunteers, which awakened the national consciousness of the Chinese people at the time of national peril, and its spiritual value is infinite. Later, his family and friends donated Nie Er's relics, including this violin, to the Yunnan Provincial Museum. This violin is the first violin that Nie Er bought, and it is also the first instrument to play foreign songs, which has important symbolic significance.