Fairness and efficiency is a classic public policy goal balance problem. Similarly, the fairness and efficiency of education is also the main basis or goal for the government to promote the rate of education reform in policy choice, because any reform in the field of education will inevitably involve fairness and efficiency.
Although fairness and efficiency do not constitute a pair of categories, in the field of economics, there is a mutual influence and restriction between them, and there is a close internal relationship.
Generally speaking, efficiency refers to the effective utilization and allocation of resources, while fairness mainly refers to how to deal with various economic interests in economic activities, and its essence is a reasonable distribution principle.
Therefore, the contradiction between fairness and efficiency in the economic field is mainly manifested in which priority is given when formulating economic policies, namely fairness or efficiency.
There is not much difference in meaning between the efficiency in the field of education and that in the field of economy. In essence, the efficiency in the field of education refers to the maximization of efficiency as a result of resource allocation, that is, the allocation of educational resources should form a fixed advantage structure.
If the limited educational resources are properly allocated and used, they can play a greater role, but the fairness in the educational field is very different from that in the economic field.
Hu Sen, a famous Swedish educator, believes that educational equity mainly refers to the equality of educational opportunities, including the equality of educational starting point, educational process and educational results.
In order to achieve equal educational opportunities, educational resources should be distributed among all participants according to the equal possession of the human body, that is, educational resources should be distributed among all levels, schools, regions and individuals according to the scale and needs of different educatees.